this power point includes the detailed information about disasters, its types and management. also discusses the role of nurse administrator.

1. PRESENTED BY:- SHAINA SHARMA,
M.N FINAL

2. DEFINITION OF DISASTER
(W.H.O.): “An occurrence of a severity and magnitude that
normally results in death, injuries and property damage
that cannot be managed through the routine procedure
and resources of government.”
FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency): “ A
disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature or
man made that causes human suffering and creates human
needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance.”

3. Definition of Disaster Nursing
Disaster Nursing can be defined as the
adaptation of professional nursing skills in
recognizing and meeting the nursing physical
and emotional needs resulting from a disaster.
The overall goal of disaster nursing is to
achieve the best possible level of health for the
people and the community involved in the
disaster.

4. ‘DISASTER’ alphabetically means
D - Destructions
I - Incidents
S - Sufferings
A - Administrative, Financial Failures.
S - Sentiments
T - Tragedies
E - Eruption of Communicable
diseases.
R - Research programme and its
implementation

5. THE GLOBAL SCENARIO
Death of 3 million
people
Economic loss
increased due to
disaster like flood
In Indian scenario,
34million people
affected per year
and 5116 death
per year.
In US, economic
loss is 400 million
dollar and 3
million people
died.

6. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF
DISASTER
AGENT
ENVIRONMENT
HOST

7. AGENTS
OF
DISASTER
Primary Agents
Secondary
Agents

8. Factors affecting disaster
Environmental factors
Host factors
1. Age
2. Immunization
status
1. Physical Factors
2. Chemical Factors
3. Biological Factors
3. Degree of mobility
4. Emotional stability
4. Social Factors
5. Psychological Factors

9. Phases of Disaster
Preimpact phase
Rehabili
tation
Impact
Phase
Post impact
phase

10. three fundamental aspects of
disaster management
Disaster
Response
Disaster
Preparedness
Disaster
Mitigation

11. DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
Disaster Impact
Recovery phase after
a disaster
Mitigation
Risk reduction phase
before a disaster
Response
Preparedness
Reconstruction
Rehabilitation

12. DISASTER IMPACT AND RESPONSE
Search, rescue and first aid
Field care
Triage
Tagging
Identification of dead

13. Relief phase
The type and quantity of humanitarian relief supplies are usually
determined by two main factors :
(1) the type of disaster, since distinct events have different effects
on the population
(2) the type and quantity of supplies available locally.
There are four principal components in managing humanitarian
supplies:
(a) acquisition of supplies
(b) transportation
(c) Storage
(d) distribution.

14. EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEILLANCE AND DISEASE
CONTROL
Overcrowding and poor sanitation
Population displacement
Disruption and the contamination of water supply, damage to
sewerage system and power systems
Disruption of routine control programmes
Ecological changes
Displacement of domestic and wild animals
Provision of emergency food, water and shelter

15. VACCINATION
NUTRITION

16. Rehabilitation
Water
supply
Food
safety
Basic
sanitation
and
personal
hygiene
Vector
control

17. DISASTER MITIGATION IN HEALTH SECTOR
Emergency prevention and mitigation involves
measures designed either to prevent hazards from
causing emergency or to lessen the likely effects of
emergencies.
These measures include :Flood Mitigation Works
Appropriate Land-use Planning
Improved Building Codes
Reduction Or Protection Of Vulnerable Population
And Structures.

18. Disaster preparedness
Emergency preparedness is “a programme of
long term development activities whose goals
are to strengthen the overall capacity and
capability of a country to manage efficiently all
types of emergency. It should bring about an
orderly transition from relief through
recovery, and back to sustained development”.

19. The reasons of community preparedness are:(a) Members of the community have the most to lose from being
vulnerable to disasters and the most to gain from an effective and
appropriate emergency preparedness programme
(b) Those who first respond to an emergency come from within the
community. When transport and communications are disrupted, an
external emergency response may not arrive for days
(c) Resources is most easily pooled at the community level and every
community possesses capabilities. Failure to exploit these capabilities
is poor resource management
(d) Sustained development is best achieved by allowing emergencyaffected communities to design, manage, and implement internal and
external assistance programme.

20. Policy development
The policy development is “the formal statement
of a course of action”. Policy is strategic in nature
and performs the following functions:
a. establish long - term goals;
b. assign responsibilities for achieving goals;
c. establish recommended work practice; and
d. determine criteria for decision making.

21. PERSONAL PROTECTION IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF EMERGENCIES
A number of measures must be observed by all persons in all types
of emergency:
- Do not use the telephone, except to call for help, so as to leave
telephone lines free for the organization of response.
- Listen to the messages broadcast by radio and the various media
so as to be informed of development.
- Carry out the official instructions given over the radio or by
loudspeaker.
- Keep a family emergency kit ready. In all the different types of
emergency, it is better:
- To be prepared than to get hurt;
- To get information so as to get organized;
- To wait rather than act too hastily.

22. FLOODS
STORMS,
HURRICANES
AND
TORNADOES
EARTHQUAKE
CLOUDS OF
TOXIC
FUMES

23. MAN MADE
DISASTERS

26. Community measures in Disaster
Community Participation
Mock trails/training
Mass awareness
Education

27. a. Setting up the first aid post
b. Causality evaluation
c. Basic hygiene and sanitation
d. Safety measures
e. Maintenance of food and water supply
f. Maintenance of law and order.
g. Provision of shelters
h. Rescue streaming
i. Significance of traffic control and communication
j. Use of fire services
k. Hazards of radiation and preventive measures
l. Prevention of future disasters.
m. Grant in aid
n. Rehabilitation

28. ROLE OF NURSE ADMINISTRATOR IN DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
Preserving Open Lines of Communication
Ensuring Quality Patient Care
Providing Current Education
Influencing Policy and Financial Decisions
Providing Security for Staff, Patients, and Families