A very basic and Short Presentation on the Fundamental Aspects like Aperture, Shutter Speed, ISO and White Balance in Digital Photography as used in Nature and Wildlife Photography.

1. Fundamentals of Digital
Photography
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2. What is Photography!!!!

3. The art or process of producing Images
on Photosensitive Surfaces
(Camera Rolls, Sensors) using light.

4. Three fundamental aspects of Photography
•Aperture
•Shutter Speed
•ISO

5. Aperture
• Opening in the lens or diameter of the Lens.
• Controls the amount of light falling on the Camera Sensor
• Larger the diameter, more the amount of light
• Smaller the diameter, less the amount of light
• It is expressed as F Stop on the camera or the lens.
• Controls the depth of field (DoF)

6. • Smaller the f number larger the opening
• Larger the f number smaller the opening
F- Stops

7. Depth of Field (DoF)
Acronym for Depth of Field is DoF
DoF is defined as the Portion of Image which is in Sharp Focus
DoF is dependent to a large extent on the F number selected on the Came
Smaller the F number Shallower the Depth of Field(DoF)
Larger the F number higher the Depth of Field(DoF)

8. F 2.8 F 10 F 32
F 2.8 F 9 F 32

9. Shallow Depth of Field(DoF)

10. Shallow Depth of Field(DoF)
Aperture of F 5.6

11. Shallow Depth of Field (DoF)

12. Shallow Depth of Field (DoF)
Aperture of F 4

13. Shallow or Larger DoF ??

14. Shallow or Larger DoF ??
Aperture of F 10

15. Shutter Speed
The Amount of time the Shutter of your camera is open.
Measured in fractions of Second e.g. 1/30 Sec, 1/100 Sec,
1/250 Sec, 1/1000 Sec.
In some cases measured in Seconds too e.g. 1 Sec , 2 Sec,
30 Seconds or more
Slower Shutter speed (e.g. 1 Sec, 2 Sec) causes blur.
Faster Shutter Speed e.g. 1/250 Sec, 1/500 Sec, 1/1000 Sec
freezes Motion
Use Fast Shutter Speed for fast moving subject.
Can use Slow shutter speed for static subjects or when light is low

16. Slow Shutter Speeds

17. Slow Shutter Speeds
Shutter Speed: 2hrs and 30 Mins!!!!

18. Slow Shutter Speeds

19. Slow Shutter Speeds
Shutter Speed: 30 Seconds!!

20. Fast Shutter Speeds

21. Fast Shutter Speeds
Shutter Speed: 1/800 Sec

22. Fast Shutter Speeds

23. Fast Shutter Speeds
Shutter Speed:1/1250 Sec

24. ISO
Defined as the Sensitivity of your Camera Sensor to Light
Higher the ISO number, more the sensitivity of the Sensor
Recommended to use the lowest ISO your camera can offer
Increase the ISO , when there is no sufficient light
Generally increases as 100, 200 , 400, 800, 1600 and so on
Higher ISO will result in noise in the Images
Image quality degrades
Avoid Shooting at high ISO unless absolutely necessary

25. ISO 100

26. ISO 6400

27. ISO 12800

28. White Balance
White Balance is the process of removing Unrealistic
colour casts from Images, so that the object appears as
the same colour in your Image, as you saw it in person.
Setting the correct white Balance will help us get
the colours in our images as accurate as possible

29. White Balance Settings
Auto – Camera decides on the colour temperature.
Works best for most situations.
Tungsten- Used normally when shooting under
Incandescent lighting.
Fluorescent- Used when shooting under Fluorescent light.
Daylight/Sunny- Normally used when shooting under the Sun.
Cloudy- Warms up the colour
Shade- Light in Shade is normally cooler, so this mode
warms up the colour a bit more

30. Incorrect White Balance

31. Correct White Balance

32. Incorrect White Balance

33. Correct White Balance

34. Understanding Exposure
Exposure determines how light or dark an Image will appear,
once it has been captured by your camera.
It’s dependent on three factors Aperture, Shutter Speed and ISO
These three factors are interrelated and critical to get
correct exposure for an Image

35. Underexposed Overexposed
Properly
Exposed

36. QUESTIONS????

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