This document discusses different modalities used in low frequency electrical stimulation. It outlines various agents used including TENS, IFT, NMES, FES, faradic stimulation, iontophoresis, HVPGS, LIDC, twin peak monophasic stimulation, diadynamic therapy, H wave therapy, APS, Russian stimulation, Rebox therapy, and microcurrent therapy. It provides details on wave forms, currents, and specifications of different devices. Microcurrent therapy is described as using currents that are 1/1000th of an ampere smaller than TENS to alleviate pain, inflammation, spasm and promote healing for various injuries and conditions.

1. DIFFERENT CURRENTS IN
LOW FREQUENCY
A.THANGAMANI RAMALINGAM

2. ELECTRICAL STIMULATION
AGENTS / MODALITIES
 Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
 Interferential Therapy (IFT)
 Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES)
 Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)
 Faradic Stimulation
 Iontophoresis
 High Voltage Pulsed Galvanic Stimulation (HVPGS)
 Low Intensity Direct Current (LIDC) and Pulsed LIDC
 Twin Peak Monophasic Stimulation
 Diadynamic Therapy
 H Wave Therapy ; Action Potential System (APS)
 Russian Stimulation : Medium Frequency Stimulation
 Rebox Therapy; Scenar Therapy
 Microcurrent Therapy (MCT)

3. CURRENTS

4. WAVE FORMS

7. DIADYNAMIC THERAPY /
STIMULATION

8. IFT

9. HIGH TENS

10. LOW TENS

11. MODULATION

13. HVPC

14. RUSSIAN CURRENT

15. REBOX DEVICES 1970
 Pulse type : Train
 Pulse mode : Unipolar
 Shape : Rectangular
 Pulse frequency : 200-5000 Hz
 Pulse duration : 50–250 μs
 Amplitude : 1–300 μA
 Type of Electrode : Probe

16. MICROCURRENT
“low-intensity direct current that delivers
monophasic or biphasic pulsed
microamperage currents across the intact
surface of the skin’’
 MET uses currents that are 1/1000th of an ampere smaller
than those delivered by standard TENS devices
(milliamperes)
 Microcurrent electrical nerve stimulation
Microamperage stimulation
Low-intensity direct current and
Pulsed low intensity direct current

17. INDICATIONS
Alleviation of  Osteoarthrotis
 Pain  Osteoporosis
 Inflammation  Sports injuries
 Spasm  Fractures
 Wounds and
Promotion of  Ulcers
 Healing

18. MICROCURRENT 850
Specifications
Channels :Dual
Power Source :9V alkaline
battery
Output Voltage :12 volts
Timer :20, 40 min and
constant
Frequency :0.3, 8 and 80Hz