1. Problem/project-based learning involves students exploring real-world problems and challenges through sustained cooperative investigation. Students learn thinking strategies and domain knowledge through this active learning approach. 2. Key features include learning being initiated by a problem, problems being based on complex real-world situations, and students working in permanent groups to identify appropriate resources and solve problems. 3. Benefits include improved problem solving abilities, development of critical thinking skills, and linking of theory to practice. It is a more student-centered approach compared to traditional teaching.

1. Developing Problem solving
through Problem based/
Project based/ Case based/
learning
Ubale Amol Baban

2. PROBLEM
• A problem is a part of a situation, that has
some kind of barrier, so that it cannot complete
its function and cannot reach its purpose
(Shibata, 1998).

3. Problem solving समस्या निराकरण
• Problem solving is a process that includes the
components of and.
Critical Thinking
टीकात्मक विचार
Decision- Making
निणणय क्षमता

4. • Problem solving is a tool, a skill and a
process;
 It is a TOOL because it can help you solve
an immediate problem or to achieve a goal.
 It is a SKILL because once you have learnt
it you can use it repeatedly.
 It is also a PROCESS because it involves
taking a number of steps.

5. PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
PBL is a student- centered learning in which
the students learn about a subject through the
experience of solving an open- ended question.
Students learn both thinking strategies and
domain knowledge.
It is a style of active learning.

6. FEATURES OF PBL
Learning is initiated by a problem
अध्ययन एक समस्या द्वारा शुरू
Problems are based on complex, real world
situations.
समस्याएं जटिल, वास्तववक दुननया स्स्िनतयों पर आधाररत हैं
All information required for problem solving is not given
initially.
समस्या सुलझाने के ललए आवश्यक सभी जानकारी प्रारंभ में नहीं दी गई है।
Learners identify, find and use appropriate resources.
लशक्षार्िियों ने उर्ित संसाधनों की पहिान, ढंढ और उनका उपयोग करता है
Students work in a permanent group.
छात्र स्िायी समह में काम करते हैं।

7. USES OF PBL उपयोग
To acquire subject matter knowledge.
Motivate learners to learn.
Linking theory and practice.
Develop student’s thinking skills.
Encourage learners to integrate knowledge from
different subjects, resources and disciplines.
Expressing in operational form a philosophy of
learning that is student- centric and problem focused.

9. Steps

10. ADVANTAGES लाभ
Improves problem solving abilities.
समस्याओं को हल करने की क्षमता में सुधार
It is student centric rather than teacher centric.
ववद्यािी के स्रित और बाद में लशक्षक के स्रित
It is an activity of collaboration.
यह सहयोग की एक गनतववर्ध है
It helps in the development of Constructivism.
रिनात्मकता के ववकास में मदद करता है

11. ADVANTAGES लाभ
It allows for multiple intelligence development.
बधुववध बुद्र्धमत्ता ववकास के ललए अनुमनत
Learners learn to be self dependent.
लशक्षार्िियों को आत्मननभिर बनाना
It satisfies curiosity and help students verify an
option.
स्जज्ञासा संतुष्ि द्वारा उर्ित ववकल्प का सुझाव
It gives the power of critical judgement.
महत्वपर्ि ननर्िय लेने की क्षमता

12. DISADVANTAGES हानन
It involves mental activity only.
इसमें के वल मानलसक गनतववर्ध शालमल है
There is a lack of suitable reference and source book for the
learners.
लशक्षार्िियों के ललए उपयुक्त संदभि और स्रोत पुस्तक की कमी है
It involves a lot of time and teachers find it difficult to cover the
prescribed syllabus.
लशक्षकों को ननधािररत पाठ्यक्रम को उर्ित समय पर परा करना मुस्श्कल
लगता है।
Problem Solving methods need very capable teachers to
provide effective guidance.
लशक्षक प्रभावी मागिदशिन प्रदान करना िाटहए

13. Project Based Learning
पररयोजना आधाररत ज्ञान

14. Project Based Learning
Project-Based Learning is a comprehensive
instructional approach to engage learners in
sustained, cooperative investigation
(Bransford & Stein, 1993).
ननरंतर, सहयोगी जांि में लशक्षार्िियों को संलग्न करने के
ललए पररयोजना-आधाररत लशक्षा एक व्यापक लशक्षर्
दृस्ष्िकोर् है

15. What Is Project-based Learning?
 Project-based learning is a
dynamic approach to teaching
in which students explore real-
world problems and challenges.
With this type of active and
engaged learning, students are
inspired to obtain a deeper
knowledge of the subjects
they're studying.
पररयोजना आधाररत लशक्षा लशक्षर् में एक गनतशील दृष्टटकोण है स्जसमें छात्रों ने
वास्तववक दुननया की समस्याओं और िुनौनतयों का पता लगाया है।

16. Project-based Learning Pedagogy
पररयोजिा आधाररत शशक्षण शशक्षा विज्ञाि
 Improved Learning Strategies & Thinking Skills: learning to
learn, life-long learning, active learning and cooperative
learning.
 अध्ययन व्युव्हरिना और सोि कौशल में सुधार
 Contextual Learning संदभिसटहत अध्ययनना
 High Standards for All Learners अध्यानार्िियो में उच्ि सुधार
 Changing Roles and Increasing Participation: students as
teachers, teachers as coaches, parent and community
involvement.
 भलमका बदल और सहभाग में बढोत्तरी

17. What makes a good project?
 Purpose. हेतु Is the project personally meaningful?
 Time. समय Sufficient time must be provided for learners to think
about and plan.
 Complexity. जटिलता The best projects combine multiple subject
areas and call upon the prior knowledge and expertise of each
student.
 Connected. संबंध During great projects students are connected to
each other.

18. What makes a good project?
•Access. अलभगम
Students need access to a wide variety of concrete and digital
materials anytime, anyplace.
 Shareable. साझा करने योग्य Students need to make something that is
shareable with others.
 Novelty. नवीनता Few project ideas are so profound that every child
needs to engage in its development in every class.
(by Gary Stager, Ph.D.)

19. Strategies of Project-Based
Learning
 Learner-centered environment
 Collaboration
 Curricular content
 Authentic tasks
 Multiple expression modes
 Emphasis on time management
 Innovative assessment

20. Strategies of Project-Based
Learning

21. Steps of Project-Based Learning
1. Setting the Stage with Real-Life Examples वास्तववक
जीवन उदाहरर्ों के साि जोड़ना
2. Taking on the Role of Project Designers प्रोजेक्ि
डिजाइनर की भलमका
3. Discussing and Accumulating Necessary
Background Information आवश्यक पृष्ठभलम जानकारी पर
ििाि और संर्ित
4. Negotiating the Criteria for Evaluation मल्यांकन के
ललए मानदंि का तोलमोल

22. Steps of Project-Based Learning
5. Accumulating the Necessary Materials आवश्यक
सामग्री संर्ित
6. Creating the Project प्रोजेक्ि बनाना
7. Preparing to Present the Project पररयोजिा को प्रस्तुत
करिे की तैयारी
8. Presenting the Project पररयोजिा प्रस्तुतीकरण
9. Evaluating the Project पररयोजिा मूलयाांकि

23. Benefits of Project-Based Learning
 Increased attendance, growth in self-reliance, and
improved attitudes toward learning (Thomas,
2000)
 Academic gains equal to or better than those generated
by other models, with students involved in projects taking
greater responsibility for their own learning than during
more traditional classroom activities (Boaler, 1997; SRI,
2000 )
 Opportunities to develop complex skills, such as higher-
order thinking,
• problem-solving, collaborating, and communicating (SRI,
2000)
 Access to a broader range of learning opportunities in
the classroom, providing a strategy for engaging
culturally diverse learners (Railsback, 2002)