This document describes the design and fabrication of a banana leaf cutting machine. The conventional banana leaf cutting machine is complex, bulky, and requires a lot of space. The main goal of this project was to create a machine that is simpler, smaller, lighter, and requires less floor space. The machine was designed to cut banana leaves into circular shapes using sheet metal parts and a cutting tool. Mild steel was selected as the primary material for its strength, formability, and weldability. Springs and welding were also incorporated into the design. The experimental setup and testing showed the machine successfully cuts banana leaves while having advantages of less space, low cost, and simplicity.

2. DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
BANANA LEAF CUTTING MACHINE
Group II
Project under guidance:
Mr. S.Jeeva M.E,
Asst.professor in mechanical engineering
 N.BASKAR (814614114005)
 R.DESINGHRAJAN (814614114006)
 P.STALIN (814614114021)
 G.TAMILSELVAM (814614114024)

3. ABSTRACT
 Banana leaf cutting machine is one of the simplest machine
which cuts
 Banana leaf in needed size. The banana leaf cutting machine
has Complex
 mechanism and bulk size. The main peculiarity machine in
its simplicity
 reduced size, weight and also reduces floor space. The project can
be directly
 implemented to paper cutting & rewinding machines in paper
mills by Using
 desired cutting tools

4. INDRODUCTION
 A Banana leaf cutting machine is an apparatus which in used to cut the
Banana leaves in to circular shape, then our project requires very less space
and Low cost . In this project use only simple machining operation such as
welding, Drilling and grinding. By changing the cutting tool use can use
this to cut papers, Clothes and plastics in to the required shape.
 In this project are use the sheet metal For cutting the banana leaves
which has the low thickness .Our project has many advantages such as low
space occupation, low cost And requires less operation.
 Our project consist of the two plates upper plate and Lower plate
consist of tool which Is made up of sheet metal and the lower plate Consist
of die which is made up of the mild steel.

5.  Banana leaf cutting machine is one of the simplest
machine which Cuts Banana leaf in needed size. The
conventional banana leaf cutting machine has Complex
mechanism and bulk size.
 The main peculiarity of machine in its simplicity,
reduced size, weight And also reduces floor space. The
project can be directly implemented to paper Cutting &
rewinding machines in paper mills by using desire
cutting tools.

6. MATERIAL SELECTION
SELECTION OF MATERIAL
The material we used for our project design and fabrication of
banana
Leaf cutting machine is mild steel
TYPES MATERIALS
1. Ferrous material
2. Non-ferrous material
Ferrous material
the ferrous materials are those materials which contain iron as their
prime constituent. More than 90% by weight of the metallic materials used
by human are ferrous materials. Ferrous materials can be produced very
economically. Ferrous materials are versatile.

7. Mild steel
 Mild steel is the most common form of steel as it provides good material
properties that are acceptable for many application. Mild steel has medium(up to
0.3%) and is therefore neither brittle not ductile. It becomes malleable when heat, and
so can be forged. it is also often used where large amount of steel need to formed , for
example as structural steel.
PROPERTIES OF MILD STEEL
Physical properties
Density - 7680 kg/m3
Melting point - 1427 k
Thermal conductivity - 63 W/mk

8.  Carbon content
Low carbon steel - 0.15 % to 0.25% of carbon
Medium carbon steel - 0.3 % to 0.45% of carbon
High carbon steel - 0.5 % to 0.8 % of carbon
 Mechanical properties
Modulus of elasticity - 200– 250 Gpa
Yield strength - 250– 395 Mpa
Tensile strength - 340 – 580 Mpa
Elongation - 26 % to 47 %
Hardness - 107.5 – 172 .5 HV
 Low carbon steel
The low carbon steel represents the largest tonnage of all the steel is
Produced. The low carbon steel are those steels that contain less than about 0.25%
Carbon. The low carbon steels are also known as mild steel.

9.  The low carbon steel is relatively soft and weak .they cannot be Hardened
appreciable by heat treatment. They process good formability and Weld ability.
Strengthening of low carbon steels are accomplished by cold work. They
Have out standing ductility and toughness. The microstructure of Low steels consist
Of ferrite and pear lite constituents. Of all steels, the low carbon Steels expansive to
produce.

10. CUTTING TOOL
 Sheet metal is metal formed by an industrial process into thin
flat pieces . it is one of the fundamental forms used in metalworking and it
can be cut and bend into a variety of shapes .countless everyday objects are
fabricated from sheet metal .thicknesses can vary significantly
 Sheet metal is available in flat pieces or coiled strips the coils are
formed by running a continuous sheet of metal through a roll slitter. The
thickness of sheet metal is in the USA commonly specified by a traditional non
linear measure known as its gauge .the larger the gauge number ,the thinner
the metal . commonly used steel sheet metal ranges from 30 gauge to 7
gauge .

11.  the are many different metals that can be made into sheet metal, such
as aluminum ,brass , copper, steel, tin , nickel , and titanium. For decorative
uses ,important sheet metals include silver , gold and platinum . Sheet
metals is used in automobile and truck bodies, airplane fuselages and
wings , medical tables ,roofs for buildings and many other applications.
 Sheet metal of iron and other materials with high magnetic
permeability ,also Known as laminated steel cores , has application in
transformers andelectric machines.

12. SPRINGS
 A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy . springs are
Usually made out of spring steel . there are a large number of spring design ; in
everyday usage the term often refers to coil springs.
 When spring is compressed or stretched from its exerts an opposing force
Approximately proportional to its change in length the rate or spring constant of
spring is the change in a force it exerts , divided by the change in deflection of the
spring . that is , it is the gradient of the force verse deflection curve . An
extension or compression springs rate is expressed In units of force divided by
distance , for example lbf/inor N/m .
 a torsion spring is a spring that works by twisting ; when it is twisted
about its axis by an angle , it produced a torque proportional to the angle. A
torsion springs rate in units as the compliance of springs in series.

13. PROPERTIES OF SPRING
 Stress relieving heated to 400-8000F. then shot penning steel Is a
most commonly used materials an phosphor bronze . cold wound for
small size is (<5/16 in).wound from hot rolled bar. hard drawn high
carbon steel and oil tempered high carbon steel. Used stainless steel light
duty spring.

14. COMPRESSION SPRING
 Compression spring apply a force by compressing or pushing
On them. Our stock compression springs for all cylindrical and made out of
round stainless steel or music wire, compression springs can also made in many
shapes including barrel ,conical, hourglass or oval the wire can be also square
rectangular or virtually any shape , size or material.
 Compression springs are open coil helical spring wound or
constructed to oppose compression along the axis of wind . helical compression
spring are the most common metal spring configuration . generally , these coil
spring are either placed over a rod or fitted inside a hole . when you put a load
on a compression coil spring , making it shorter , it pushes back against the load
and tries to get back to its original length , compression springs offer resistance
to linier compressing force , and are in fact one of the most efficient energy
storage devices available

15.  Compression metal springs are found in a wide variety of
applications ranging from automotive engines and large stamping pressure
to major appliance and lawn mowers to medical devices , cell phones
,electronics and sensitive instruments devices . cone shape metal springs are
generally used in applications requiring low solid height and increased
resistance to surging.

16. WELDING
 A welded joint is a permanent joint used extensively in fabrication
process. An Electronic process for fusion welding arc or gas welding is
used for fusion of the material. It is also used for repair work build up a
small part that has broken off e.g to repair a worn surface.

17. ARC WELDING
 Arc welding is a process that is used to join metal to
metal by using electricity to create enough heat to melt
metal , and the melted metals when cool result
in a binding of the metals .it is a type of arc welding
that uses a welding power supply to create an electric arc
between an electrode and the base material melt the
metals at the welding point

18.  The temperature of arc welding is about 5000 0C to 6000 0C. hence a
small depression is formed in the parent metal where the molten metal
piled up. This is known as “arc carter” the distance between the tip of
the electrode and the bottom of the arc crater is “arc length”.

19. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
 A Banana leaf cutting machine is an apparatus which in used to cut
the Banana leaves in to circular shape, the conventional banana leaf
Cutting machine Requires more space and also high cost but our project
requires very less space and Low cost.
 It consist of upper frame and lower frame .upper frame consist of cutting
tool and lower frame consist of die . by changing the cutting tool it can be
used for cutting different materials.

20. ADVANTAGES
 It consumes very less space.
 The operation is not to complicated.
 It consumes very less time & quick process.

21. CONCLUSION
 Thus the design and fabrication of banana leaf
cutter we successfully Design and fabricated the leaf
cutter by using various machining and tested
successfully.

22. THANK YOU