The document discusses various types of cosmetic products like face powders, lipsticks, nail polishes, hair dyes, and shampoos. It provides details on the formulation, ingredients, and functions of these cosmetics. The document also covers topics like hair removal methods, treatment of dandruff, and the causes and control of dandruff.

1. M. Pharm (Pharmaceutics)

2. 2

3. Functions of cosmetics
3
Maintain body health and
hygiene
Avoid premature ageing of
skin
Give a sense of well being
Improve overall looks and
personality
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According to
their use
According to
their
functions
According to
their physical
nature
1
3
2

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e. Use for hair
1. Shampoo
2. Hair dyes
3. Hair tonics
4. Hair sprays
b. Use for the
nails
1. Nail polish
2. Nail polish
removers
a. Use for skin
1.Cream
2.Powders
3. Lotions
4.Antiperspirants
c. Use for the
teeth and mouth
1. Dentifrices
2. Mouth wash
d. Use for eye
1. Eye creams
2. Eye lashes
3. Eye liners
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a. Curative or
therapeutic
functions
1. Antiperspirants
2.Hair preparation
b. Protective
functions
1. Face powder
d. Decorative
functions
1. Lipsticks
2. Nail polishes
3. Eye lashes
c. Corrective
functions
1. Face powder

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a. Aerosols: . Hair perfumes, after shave lotion
b. Cake: Rouge compacts, make up compacts
c. Emulsions: Vanishing cream, cold cream, cleansing cream
d. Oils: Hair oils
e. Pastes: Tooth paste, deodorant paste
f. Powder: Face powder, tooth powder, talcum powder
g. Solutions: After shave lotions, hand lotions
h. Soap: Shaving soap, toilet soap
i. Sticks: lipsticks, deodorant sticks
3. Cosmetics according to their
physical nature
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11. Formulation of dentifrices the following ingredients
11
1. Abrasives
5. Humectants
2. Binders
3. Detergents
4. Flavoring
agent
6.Preservatives
7. Sweetening
agents
8.Therapeutic
agents

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1. Abrasive agents: They also called polishing agents use for removal of strains and polishing
the tooth surface
e.g: Calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate
2. Binders: Used for solids and liquid in united form and maintain consistency.
e.g: Gum tragacanth, Sodium alginate
3. Detergents: They having good foaming property and maintain consistency.
e.g: SLS
4. Flavoring agents: e.g – Peppermint oil etc
5. Humectants: They used for retain the moisture and will not allow the paste to become dry.
e.g: Glycerin, Sorbitol
6. Preservatives: e.g- Methyl paraben and propyl paraben
7. Sweetening agent: Saccharin in the ratio 0.005 to 0.25% commonly used
as sweetening agent
8. Therapeutic agent: These are included in the medicated tooth paste for
tooth disease and to removal of bad odour.
e.g: Antibiotics

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Liquid
Dentifrices
Tooth
Powders
Tooth
paste
2
1
3

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1. These are preparations are not popular
but they are used for cleansing purpose
2. The are aqu or hydro alcoholic solution
FORMULA:
Hard soap 6gm
Saccharin 0.2gm
Amaranth sol 1ml
Cinnamon oil 0.5ml
Peppermint oil 0.5ml
Clove oil 1ml
Alcohol 75ml
water to make 100ml
Method:
Soap + Saccharin + Volatile oil in
alcohol. Then add amaranth solution and water
to make up the volume.

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1. These are oldest, cheapest and simple preparation.
2. In that abrasive, surfactants, sweetening and
flavoring agent included.
FORMULA:
Hard soap in fine form 5gm
Calcium carbonate 93.5gm
Saccharin sodium 0.2gm
Cinnamon 0.2ml
Peppermint oil 0.4ml
Methyl salicylate 0.8ml
Method:
Divided calcium carbonate into two parts. In one
part saccharin, volatile oil and methyl salicylate
triturate and mix and in another part mix with hard
soap in fine form. Then mix two powders thoroughly
and pass through fine sieve

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1. These are most popular and widely used preparation for cleansing
the teeth.
2. In tooth paste containing abrasive, foaming agent, sweetening
agent, flavors, binding agent, humectants, preservatives and
therapeutic agents.
FORMULA
Dicalcium phosphate 35gm
Calcium carbonate 14gm
Glycerin 20ml
Gum Tragacanth 1.2 gm
Saccharin 50mg
SLS 10gm
Water 19.8ml
Flavor
Method: Mix glycerin and water and then add solid ingredients in it
with stirring. Add flavor and mix them and transfer into container.

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1. Face powder
2. Compact face powder
3. Rough
4. Cold creams
5. Cleansing creams
6. Vanishing creams
7. Foundation creams
8. Moisturizing creams
9 . Lipsticks
10. Preparation for eye make up
a. Eye shadow
b. Eye brow pencil
c. Mascara
11. Bleaches
12. Shaving media
a. Lather shaving cream
b. Brushless shaving cream
c. Shaving soap
Use facial cosmetics

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Face powder is a cosmetic preparation meant for
improvement of overall attractive of the face. It
applied on the face by means of a powder puff. It
provides a visual covering to skin and imparts smooth
finish to it.
e.g:
Talcum powder
Kaolin
Zinc oxide
Magnesium carbonate

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a. Light type: Which are used for
dry skin. These powder contain
large quantity of talc
b. Medium type; Which are applied
to normal or moderately oily
skins. They contain some what
lesser talc but compensated by
zinc oxide.
c. Heavy type: They have more
covering powder and are used for
very oily skin. They contain lesser
quantity of talc but higher
quantity of zinc oxide.

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1. It should be very fine and should not have any
gritty particles.
2. It should be non – toxic
3. It should be non – irritant to the skin.
4. It should look natural
5. It should not remove from the skin immediately
after its application.
6. It should be stable both physically and
chemically.
7. Its ingredients should be evenly distributed.
8. It should have good absorbing property.
9. It should remove shine from the face.

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1. All the solid ingredients are powdered and pass through sieve
number 120.
2. Mix them thoroughly, incorporate the required quantity of
perfumes and packed in powder box.
FORMULA:
Talcum powder 75g
Kaolin 5g
Chalk precipitated 5g
Zinc oxide 10g
Zinc stearate 5g
Perfumes and color

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1. Compact face powder is a dry powder
which is compressed to form a cake
and is applied with help of powder
puff.
2. In that suitable binding agent are
added to the face powder to bind the
particles of the powder, so that the
cake formed will not break after
compression or during use

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Cleansing cream remove facial make up
and keeps skin healthy by removing. They
are also used to remove grime, sebum and
other secretions, dead cells and applied
makeup.

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these are O/W type
emulsions. When
applied to the skin leave
an almost invisible layer
on it.
These are O/W type emulsions.
When applied to the skin leave an
almost invisible layer on it.
Vanishing creams are prepared
by emulsification of steric acid and
water by means of alkalies such as
sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide etc.

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Mascara is a black pigmented
preparation applied to eye lashes or eye
brows to beautify and increase their
length. It is applied with brush.
 Types
i. Cake mascara: Melted wax
ii. Cream mascara: Vanishing cream
iii. Liquid mascara: Alcoholic solution.
With resin and carbon black is
suspended.

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 Most widely used cosmetic item by women to give an attractive
color and appearance
 In that pigments dissolved or dispensed in fatty base i.e fats, waxes
with suitable perfume.
 Idea qualities:
I. Non toxic
II. Non irritant
 Stable both physically and chemically
 Free from gritty particles
 Free from sweating
 Should not brake easily
 Maintain color of lips for long period and remove easily should not
break during store

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1. Base: oily, fatty materials and waxes like minerals oil, veg oil , cocoa butter , lanolin
, carnauba wax , beeswax etc.
2. Coloring Materials : Titanium dioxide ,soluble eosin , halogenated derivatives of
fluorescein and tetra baromofluorescein.
3. Perfumes : Floral fruity and light spicy fragrances
4. Antioxidants : They are used for prevent rancidity BHA, BHT ,Proply gallate ect .
Formula
Carnauba wax 1.0g
Beeswax 15g
Lanolin 5g
Cetyl alcohol 5g
Castor oil 65ml
Coloring matter and perfume

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• Shampoos defined as a preparation containing
surface active agent which are used to remove
dirt, grease & debris from the hair, scalp & other
parts of the body without affecting the natural
gloss of hair.
• It also help to give fragrant, softness to the hair.
• It is available in solution or suspension from
prepared by dissolving cleansing agent & other
agent to improve the quality of shampoo.

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Medicated dandruff shampoos:
1. Powder shampoos
2. Clear liquid shampoos
3. Gel shampoos
4. Soap shampoos
5. Cream or paste shampoos
6. Liquid cream
7. Baby shampoos
8. Aerosol shampoos

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1. Conditioning agents:
These are used in lubricating the hair and improve the
texture of the hair.
e.g: Lanolin, glycerin
2. Thickening agents:
These are used to increase the viscosity of the shampoos
and provide the desired consistency to the preparation
e.g: Methyl cellulose, sodium stearate
3. Solubilizing agents:
These are used to solubilize poorly soluble substances so
as to get a clear shampoo.
e.g: Ethyl alcohol, mono ethyl ether
4. Opacifying agent:
These are used to make the shampoo.
e.g: Glycol, Cetyl alcohol
5. Preservatives:
These are required to preserve the shampoos
Against bacteria or mould contamination by adding preservative.
e.g: Methyl paraben, propyl paraben
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Hair dyes are used to change the natural
color of the hair.
Hair dyes are classified according to action
a. Temporary
b. Semi – permanent
Hair dyes are conventionally divide into three
classes
1. Vegetable dyes: e.g henna
2. Metallic dyes: e.g Lea acetate with ppt of
sulphar
3. Synthetic organic dyes: e.g Para – toluylene -
diamine

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These days women are very conscious about
their beauty. They do not like the unwanted
growth of hair on their body
A. Epilation
B. Depilation
C. Electrolysis .
1. Epilation:
In the wax, rosin etc used for
plucking the hair but this method is very painful
and have the chances of skin damage and also
have the chance for skin infection
Formulation:
rosin, beeswax with mineral or vegetable
oils, cooling agent, antibacterial agent
2. Depilation method:
In this method use the chemical for
removing of hair without pain and injury the
skin. For that purpose calcium sulphide is
most commonly used
Formulation
calcium thioglycooate, Barium
sulphide etc
3. Electrolysis:
In this method the inserting of needle into
hair follicle and hair root is completely
destroyed
By weak current. In this method hair removed
permanently. This method is very time
consuming and expensive

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1. The major cause of dandruff are:
- Dysfunction of the scalp
- Microbial attack
- Combination of above two
2. They can be controlled by using
shampoo, it should be allowed to remain
in the hair half and hour and then
washed with warm water and after
proper drying of hair, it should be
massaged to increase the blood
circulation of the scalp.