Definition of Literature for Fundamentals of Literature
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
8 likes•9,093 views
Fundamentals of Literature Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel (bellachew@gmail.com) Jimma University CSSH Department of English Language and Literature 1.1 Definition of Literature
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
What is literature
The document defines literature as a body of imaginative work that portrays human thought, emotion, and experiences. It discusses the importance of literature in reflecting human experiences and culture. Different literary standards and approaches are identified for analyzing and appreciating literature, including formalistic, moral, historical, sociological, cultural, psychological, and impressionistic approaches.
Structuralism
This document discusses structuralism and semiology. It explains that structuralism examines language as a system of signs and was influenced by linguist Ferdinand de Saussure's examination of semiology. Semiology is defined as the study of signs and how they derive meaning from having both a signifier and signified. Different types of signs - symbolic, iconic, and indexical - are also described based on the relationship between the signifier and signified. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of the structuralism approach are outlined.
Introduction to Literature
This document provides an introduction to literature. It defines literature as a body of work containing imaginative language that portrays human experiences, emotions, and thoughts. Literature is considered a product of culture that reflects a society's values. Studying literature allows one to learn about people and cultures across time and space. The document also discusses various literary standards such as universality, artistry, and permanence. It outlines different approaches to analyzing literature, including formalistic, moral, historical, sociological, cultural, and psychological approaches. Finally, it distinguishes between two general types of literature - poetry and prose - and some common genres including short stories, novels, drama, and essays.
Introduction to English literature
What is literature ?
Literature is a term use to describe written or spoken material. The term is most commonly used to refer to words of the creative imagination including works of poetry, drama, fiction and non-fiction. Literature is the art of written works. It is the body of written works of a language period or culture. Literature is published in written works in a particular style or particular subject. Literature is the mirror of life. Our life and all the subject are related to our life is the subject matter or element of literature. So we can get the touch of our life trough literature.Etymologically, literature has to do with letters,the written as opposed to the spoken word, though not everything that is written down is literature.
What is the function of literature ?
As based conception, Aristoteles in “poetic’ that the function of literature is called “catharsis the primary functions of literature are to delight the reader, and heighten his awareness of life. The subsidiary functions are ‘propaganda’, ‘release’ and ‘escape’; but they are subordinated to the primary creative functions of literature.Propaganda literature’ must be distinguished from mere propaganda in which there is nothing creative. The writer of mere propaganda is simply concerned to popularize facts, ideas, and emotions with which he is familiar. But propaganda that is literature is a creative influence irradiating and transforming the writer’s experience.‘Release literature’ is that in which the dominant motive of the writer is simply the assuagement of starved needs, the release of pent-up forces in the personality. Romances, detective stories, thrillers, poems etc.
Literature also provides ‘escape’ from the grim realities of life, and many people read to escape boredom. The higher type of literature helps the reader to escape from trivial reality into significant reality.
Element of Narrative
Conceptual elements ( surface facts )
Actions – events and the sequence ( plot )
Character ‘ agent of motivation
setting – point of reference
Mode of narration ( expressive devices )
Point of view - focus of the narrator knowledge and values
Style - focus of the author’s atittudes and values
Seminar : Literature And its Function
The document discusses several functions of literature including:
1. The primary functions of literature are to teach and delight readers by providing information about life and giving pleasure and entertainment.
2. Secondary functions include propaganda, release, and escape. Propaganda literature aims to spread ideas, release literature allows writers to express themselves, and escape literature lets readers avoid reality.
3. Literature also conveys morals, entertains, defines culture, uses language, and has educational purposes like transmitting culture and facilitating career selection.
Literary criticism powerpoint
This document provides an overview of 5 major types of literary criticism: formalism, reader response, archetypal, feminist, and Marxist criticism. It describes the key concepts and approaches of each type of criticism, provides examples of the types of questions critics using each approach may ask, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach.
Prose
This document provides an overview of prose as a literary form. It defines prose as ordinary written or spoken language without a metrical structure. The document then discusses the main types of prose, including fiction and non-fiction. It also examines key elements of prose like narrative, plot, character, setting, point of view, and theme. Examples are provided to illustrate concepts like characterization, setting, and how point of view is employed in literary works.
Literary theories
This document provides an overview of various approaches to literary criticism and analysis. It discusses formalist, reader response, new historicist, Marxist, psychoanalytic, archetypal, feminist, existentialist, and postcolonial approaches. For each approach, it outlines key concepts, principles, and advantages and disadvantages. The overall document serves as a primer on different theoretical lenses through which literary works can be examined and interpreted.
Recommended
What is literature
The document defines literature as a body of imaginative work that portrays human thought, emotion, and experiences. It discusses the importance of literature in reflecting human experiences and culture. Different literary standards and approaches are identified for analyzing and appreciating literature, including formalistic, moral, historical, sociological, cultural, psychological, and impressionistic approaches.
Structuralism
This document discusses structuralism and semiology. It explains that structuralism examines language as a system of signs and was influenced by linguist Ferdinand de Saussure's examination of semiology. Semiology is defined as the study of signs and how they derive meaning from having both a signifier and signified. Different types of signs - symbolic, iconic, and indexical - are also described based on the relationship between the signifier and signified. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of the structuralism approach are outlined.
Introduction to Literature
This document provides an introduction to literature. It defines literature as a body of work containing imaginative language that portrays human experiences, emotions, and thoughts. Literature is considered a product of culture that reflects a society's values. Studying literature allows one to learn about people and cultures across time and space. The document also discusses various literary standards such as universality, artistry, and permanence. It outlines different approaches to analyzing literature, including formalistic, moral, historical, sociological, cultural, and psychological approaches. Finally, it distinguishes between two general types of literature - poetry and prose - and some common genres including short stories, novels, drama, and essays.
Introduction to English literature
What is literature ?
Literature is a term use to describe written or spoken material. The term is most commonly used to refer to words of the creative imagination including works of poetry, drama, fiction and non-fiction. Literature is the art of written works. It is the body of written works of a language period or culture. Literature is published in written works in a particular style or particular subject. Literature is the mirror of life. Our life and all the subject are related to our life is the subject matter or element of literature. So we can get the touch of our life trough literature.Etymologically, literature has to do with letters,the written as opposed to the spoken word, though not everything that is written down is literature.
What is the function of literature ?
As based conception, Aristoteles in “poetic’ that the function of literature is called “catharsis the primary functions of literature are to delight the reader, and heighten his awareness of life. The subsidiary functions are ‘propaganda’, ‘release’ and ‘escape’; but they are subordinated to the primary creative functions of literature.Propaganda literature’ must be distinguished from mere propaganda in which there is nothing creative. The writer of mere propaganda is simply concerned to popularize facts, ideas, and emotions with which he is familiar. But propaganda that is literature is a creative influence irradiating and transforming the writer’s experience.‘Release literature’ is that in which the dominant motive of the writer is simply the assuagement of starved needs, the release of pent-up forces in the personality. Romances, detective stories, thrillers, poems etc.
Literature also provides ‘escape’ from the grim realities of life, and many people read to escape boredom. The higher type of literature helps the reader to escape from trivial reality into significant reality.
Element of Narrative
Conceptual elements ( surface facts )
Actions – events and the sequence ( plot )
Character ‘ agent of motivation
setting – point of reference
Mode of narration ( expressive devices )
Point of view - focus of the narrator knowledge and values
Style - focus of the author’s atittudes and values
Seminar : Literature And its Function
The document discusses several functions of literature including:
1. The primary functions of literature are to teach and delight readers by providing information about life and giving pleasure and entertainment.
2. Secondary functions include propaganda, release, and escape. Propaganda literature aims to spread ideas, release literature allows writers to express themselves, and escape literature lets readers avoid reality.
3. Literature also conveys morals, entertains, defines culture, uses language, and has educational purposes like transmitting culture and facilitating career selection.
Literary criticism powerpoint
This document provides an overview of 5 major types of literary criticism: formalism, reader response, archetypal, feminist, and Marxist criticism. It describes the key concepts and approaches of each type of criticism, provides examples of the types of questions critics using each approach may ask, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach.
Prose
This document provides an overview of prose as a literary form. It defines prose as ordinary written or spoken language without a metrical structure. The document then discusses the main types of prose, including fiction and non-fiction. It also examines key elements of prose like narrative, plot, character, setting, point of view, and theme. Examples are provided to illustrate concepts like characterization, setting, and how point of view is employed in literary works.
Literary theories
This document provides an overview of various approaches to literary criticism and analysis. It discusses formalist, reader response, new historicist, Marxist, psychoanalytic, archetypal, feminist, existentialist, and postcolonial approaches. For each approach, it outlines key concepts, principles, and advantages and disadvantages. The overall document serves as a primer on different theoretical lenses through which literary works can be examined and interpreted.
Ppt what is literature
This document discusses literature, including its definitions, types, genres, and examples. Literature can be defined generally as anything written, but more specifically as writing that expresses feelings and attitudes about life. There are two main kinds - fictional literature based on imagination, and non-fictional literature providing factual information. Common genres include fiction, essays, poetry, and drama. Famous literary works mentioned span various genres and cultures, from ancient epics to modern novels. Recommended books are also provided for further studying literature.
A brief introduction to literature
This document provides an overview of English literature, including definitions and examples of different genres. It defines literature as imaginative works that reflect society and human nature. The genres discussed include prose (fiction and non-fiction), poetry, and drama. Within fiction, it describes various subgenres like historical fiction, science fiction, fantasy, and mystery. It also discusses elements of stories like plot, setting, characters, point of view, and theme. For non-fiction, it outlines purposes and examples of forms like biographies, essays, textbooks, and newspapers. Finally, it briefly defines poetry and drama, including common drama types like comedy, tragedy, and musicals.
Intro to-literary-criticism
Literary criticism involves analyzing and interpreting works of literature. There are several approaches to literary criticism, including formalist, which focuses on elements like structure and symbolism within the text; biographical, which examines the influence of the author's life; and psychological, which applies theories like Freudian concepts to understand characters. Literary theory provides different lenses through which texts can be interpreted.
Genres of literature
Literature can be categorized into genres based on certain stylistic criteria. The three main genres of literature are poetry, prose, and drama. Poetry uses aesthetic and rhythmic language and includes lyric, narrative, and descriptive forms. Prose is written without meter and includes fiction like realistic and fantastic stories, as well as non-fiction genres such as biography and essays. Drama is literature intended for performance and includes genres like comedy, tragedy, and musicals.
Literature
Literature can be defined in 3 ways: preserved writings belonging to a language or people, notable writings of a country or period distinguished by form of expression, and writings that interpret nature and life through language. Literature includes imaginative works like poems, stories and plays that present fictional situations, and non-fiction works like biographies and essays that present actual facts and ideas. Studying literature allows one to express oneself, access culture, recognize human experiences, develop perspective and values. Literature consists of various genres like fiction, poetry, drama, and essays that use different structures, audiences and presentation styles.
Types of poetry
The document describes different types of poetry including lyric poetry such as sonnets, odes, and elegies. It also discusses narrative poetry genres like epics and ballads. Additionally, it covers dramatic poetry forms such as dramatic monologues, soliloquies, and orations. Specific poetry styles like haiku, cinquain, name poems, and free verse are also defined. In the second part, key terms are matched to their poetic genre descriptions.
Definition, elements, genres, and types of fiction
The document discusses various elements and genres of fiction. It begins by defining fiction as stories created from the imagination rather than presented as facts. It then covers specific elements such as characters, setting, point of view, plot, theme, symbols, and tone. Several genres of fiction are also outlined, including novels, short stories, fables, folk tales, myths, legends, fairy tales, and genres like mystery, science fiction, fantasy, historical fiction, and realistic fiction. Key examples are provided to illustrate different elements and genres.
Literary criticism
The document provides an overview of literary criticism, beginning with its origins in classical works and early modern critics. It discusses different approaches to literary criticism such as formalism, reader-response criticism, structuralism, biographical criticism, and sociological criticism including feminist criticism and Marxist criticism. The document examines key concepts and theorists associated with different approaches to literary criticism.
Formalism presentation
Formalism is a literary theory that focuses on analyzing inherent features of a text such as grammar, syntax, and literary devices like metaphor, ignoring historical or cultural context. There are different schools of formalism including Russian formalism and New Criticism. Russian formalists aimed to analyze texts scientifically and defined literary techniques like defamiliarization, where common things are presented in unfamiliar ways to enhance perception. Defamiliarization makes objects strange through language, characterization, or illustration to transform ordinary prose into art. Examples include metaphors, Gulliver's Travels, and poems by Wordsworth, Keats, and Plath.
READERS' RESPONSE CTICISM
It is actually how would the readers response to the message of the writer. Without the writer making his work, there would not be readers. And out readers reading the writers' work, there would not be sense of having it. It is actually a vice-versa relationship where both should function according to their role.
New historicism & Cultural materialism
This document provides an overview of New Historicism and Cultural Materialism critical theories. It defines New Historicism as examining literature within its historical context through parallel readings of literary and non-literary texts from the same time period. Cultural Materialism studies the implications of literary texts in history and takes a materialist approach, seeing culture as the object of study rather than just literature. The document outlines the key influences, characteristics, differences and examples of applying these theories to texts like Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream and Othello.
Types of literature
There are two major types of literature: oral and written. Oral literature includes ballads, myths, jokes, folktales, and fables while written literature includes drama, novels, poetry, and nonfiction works. Literature exists in many genres across different cultures and languages such as English, Greek, Latin, African, Indian, American, French, Irish, Spanish, Chinese, Italian, Japanese, Persian, Sanskrit, Nepali, Russian, and Canadian works. Prose literature includes histories, journals, philosophies, fiction, fantasies, children's works, and scientific writings. Poetry genres include sonnets, ballads, lyrics, epics, allegories, odes, and elegies. Common fictional
WORLD LITERATURE: A Brief Introduction
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise stimulates the production of endorphins in the brain which elevate mood and reduce stress levels.
New criticism
The document discusses New Criticism, a 20th century literary theory focused on close reading of texts. Key points:
- New Criticism examines literature as autonomous objects, ignoring authorial intent and historical context.
- It emphasizes analyzing how elements within a work (like language and structure) work together to create unified meaning.
- New Critics pioneered close reading to examine tensions, paradoxes, and ambiguities in the text and how they are resolved.
Literary Criticism: Deconstruction
This document provides an overview of deconstruction as a literary theory. It discusses how deconstruction questions the objective truth of language and focuses on ambiguities in meaning. The founder, Jacques Derrida, viewed it as a strategy for reading that looks at what is not present in a text. Deconstruction analyzes binary oppositions and aims to give privilege to the non-dominant part. It has been criticized for making literature seem like "word play" and obscuring meaning.
Marxist criticism presentation
The poem "Manggagawa" by Jose Corazon de Jesus depicts the disparity between the wealthy bourgeoisie and the lower class proletariat in a capitalist society through vivid descriptions of the hard labor of workers and the luxuries enjoyed by the rich. It highlights the oppression and control the bourgeoisie have over wealth production as well as the government, reflecting Marx's theories. In the end, the poem calls loudly for equality and due recognition of the working class's contributions to society and the nation's progress.
What is Literature?
The document discusses various definitions and perspectives on what constitutes literature. It examines definitions focused on written works with artistic value, bodies of writing from a culture/time period, and writings on a particular subject. The document also explores whether genres like advertisements, comics, or pulp fiction can be considered literature. Several authors weigh in on defining literature based on qualities like originality, craftsmanship, psychological truth, and understanding of moral values. Debates addressed include whether literature must be imaginative or fictional versus realistic, and the relationship between literature and understanding human nature.
Literary Criticism, II, Russian formalism
Russian formalism was a school of literary criticism that originated in Russia around 1915 and focused on analyzing the form and stylistic devices used in literature rather than their social or historical context. The movement emphasized making aspects of language unfamiliar through techniques like defamiliarization to draw attention to a text's artificiality and how it conveys meaning through form over content. Key concepts included literariness, the idea that literary language is distinguished from ordinary language by its use of devices like metaphor, rhyme and rhythm.
Functions of literature
Literature is the art of written works in a particular style on a subject. It can entertain readers, show how society works, and shape thinking by displaying ideologies. Literature also preserves language and culture, teaches about the human experience, and serves as a historical record of events.
Unit 1 introduction to Literary Theory & Criticism
This document provides an introduction to literary theory and criticism. It defines key terms like "criticism", discusses what literary criticism is, and defines a literary critic. It also explains literary theory as different lenses that critics use to analyze works. The document outlines four main types of literary criticism: practical, theoretical, descriptive, and prescriptive. It also summarizes four major theories of literary criticism: mimetic, pragmatic, expressive, and objective. Finally, it discusses traditional approaches like historical/biographical and moral/philosophical criticism as well as modern approaches like formalism, psychoanalysis, feminism, and Marxism.
Lesson 1 The Concept of Literature
Fundamentals of Literature
The Concept of Literature
By Belachew Weldegebriel
Jimma University
College of Social Sciences and Humanities
Department of English Language and Literature
Jimma, Ethiopia
Whatisliterature 130720115921-phpapp02
The document discusses various definitions and perspectives on what constitutes literature. It examines definitions focused on written works with artistic value, bodies of writing from a culture/time period, and writings on a particular subject. The document also explores whether genres like advertisements, comics, or pulp fiction can be considered literature. Several authors weigh in on how to define and analyze literature, such as it being an art that transforms language or holds a mirror to society. Debates addressed include whether history and science can be creative/imaginative like literature, and why studying literature may help one understand human nature and culture.
More Related Content
What's hot
Ppt what is literature
This document discusses literature, including its definitions, types, genres, and examples. Literature can be defined generally as anything written, but more specifically as writing that expresses feelings and attitudes about life. There are two main kinds - fictional literature based on imagination, and non-fictional literature providing factual information. Common genres include fiction, essays, poetry, and drama. Famous literary works mentioned span various genres and cultures, from ancient epics to modern novels. Recommended books are also provided for further studying literature.
A brief introduction to literature
This document provides an overview of English literature, including definitions and examples of different genres. It defines literature as imaginative works that reflect society and human nature. The genres discussed include prose (fiction and non-fiction), poetry, and drama. Within fiction, it describes various subgenres like historical fiction, science fiction, fantasy, and mystery. It also discusses elements of stories like plot, setting, characters, point of view, and theme. For non-fiction, it outlines purposes and examples of forms like biographies, essays, textbooks, and newspapers. Finally, it briefly defines poetry and drama, including common drama types like comedy, tragedy, and musicals.
Intro to-literary-criticism
Literary criticism involves analyzing and interpreting works of literature. There are several approaches to literary criticism, including formalist, which focuses on elements like structure and symbolism within the text; biographical, which examines the influence of the author's life; and psychological, which applies theories like Freudian concepts to understand characters. Literary theory provides different lenses through which texts can be interpreted.
Genres of literature
Literature can be categorized into genres based on certain stylistic criteria. The three main genres of literature are poetry, prose, and drama. Poetry uses aesthetic and rhythmic language and includes lyric, narrative, and descriptive forms. Prose is written without meter and includes fiction like realistic and fantastic stories, as well as non-fiction genres such as biography and essays. Drama is literature intended for performance and includes genres like comedy, tragedy, and musicals.
Literature
Literature can be defined in 3 ways: preserved writings belonging to a language or people, notable writings of a country or period distinguished by form of expression, and writings that interpret nature and life through language. Literature includes imaginative works like poems, stories and plays that present fictional situations, and non-fiction works like biographies and essays that present actual facts and ideas. Studying literature allows one to express oneself, access culture, recognize human experiences, develop perspective and values. Literature consists of various genres like fiction, poetry, drama, and essays that use different structures, audiences and presentation styles.
Types of poetry
The document describes different types of poetry including lyric poetry such as sonnets, odes, and elegies. It also discusses narrative poetry genres like epics and ballads. Additionally, it covers dramatic poetry forms such as dramatic monologues, soliloquies, and orations. Specific poetry styles like haiku, cinquain, name poems, and free verse are also defined. In the second part, key terms are matched to their poetic genre descriptions.
Definition, elements, genres, and types of fiction
The document discusses various elements and genres of fiction. It begins by defining fiction as stories created from the imagination rather than presented as facts. It then covers specific elements such as characters, setting, point of view, plot, theme, symbols, and tone. Several genres of fiction are also outlined, including novels, short stories, fables, folk tales, myths, legends, fairy tales, and genres like mystery, science fiction, fantasy, historical fiction, and realistic fiction. Key examples are provided to illustrate different elements and genres.
Literary criticism
The document provides an overview of literary criticism, beginning with its origins in classical works and early modern critics. It discusses different approaches to literary criticism such as formalism, reader-response criticism, structuralism, biographical criticism, and sociological criticism including feminist criticism and Marxist criticism. The document examines key concepts and theorists associated with different approaches to literary criticism.
Formalism presentation
Formalism is a literary theory that focuses on analyzing inherent features of a text such as grammar, syntax, and literary devices like metaphor, ignoring historical or cultural context. There are different schools of formalism including Russian formalism and New Criticism. Russian formalists aimed to analyze texts scientifically and defined literary techniques like defamiliarization, where common things are presented in unfamiliar ways to enhance perception. Defamiliarization makes objects strange through language, characterization, or illustration to transform ordinary prose into art. Examples include metaphors, Gulliver's Travels, and poems by Wordsworth, Keats, and Plath.
READERS' RESPONSE CTICISM
It is actually how would the readers response to the message of the writer. Without the writer making his work, there would not be readers. And out readers reading the writers' work, there would not be sense of having it. It is actually a vice-versa relationship where both should function according to their role.
New historicism & Cultural materialism
This document provides an overview of New Historicism and Cultural Materialism critical theories. It defines New Historicism as examining literature within its historical context through parallel readings of literary and non-literary texts from the same time period. Cultural Materialism studies the implications of literary texts in history and takes a materialist approach, seeing culture as the object of study rather than just literature. The document outlines the key influences, characteristics, differences and examples of applying these theories to texts like Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream and Othello.
Types of literature
There are two major types of literature: oral and written. Oral literature includes ballads, myths, jokes, folktales, and fables while written literature includes drama, novels, poetry, and nonfiction works. Literature exists in many genres across different cultures and languages such as English, Greek, Latin, African, Indian, American, French, Irish, Spanish, Chinese, Italian, Japanese, Persian, Sanskrit, Nepali, Russian, and Canadian works. Prose literature includes histories, journals, philosophies, fiction, fantasies, children's works, and scientific writings. Poetry genres include sonnets, ballads, lyrics, epics, allegories, odes, and elegies. Common fictional
WORLD LITERATURE: A Brief Introduction
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise stimulates the production of endorphins in the brain which elevate mood and reduce stress levels.
New criticism
The document discusses New Criticism, a 20th century literary theory focused on close reading of texts. Key points:
- New Criticism examines literature as autonomous objects, ignoring authorial intent and historical context.
- It emphasizes analyzing how elements within a work (like language and structure) work together to create unified meaning.
- New Critics pioneered close reading to examine tensions, paradoxes, and ambiguities in the text and how they are resolved.
Literary Criticism: Deconstruction
This document provides an overview of deconstruction as a literary theory. It discusses how deconstruction questions the objective truth of language and focuses on ambiguities in meaning. The founder, Jacques Derrida, viewed it as a strategy for reading that looks at what is not present in a text. Deconstruction analyzes binary oppositions and aims to give privilege to the non-dominant part. It has been criticized for making literature seem like "word play" and obscuring meaning.
Marxist criticism presentation
The poem "Manggagawa" by Jose Corazon de Jesus depicts the disparity between the wealthy bourgeoisie and the lower class proletariat in a capitalist society through vivid descriptions of the hard labor of workers and the luxuries enjoyed by the rich. It highlights the oppression and control the bourgeoisie have over wealth production as well as the government, reflecting Marx's theories. In the end, the poem calls loudly for equality and due recognition of the working class's contributions to society and the nation's progress.
What is Literature?
The document discusses various definitions and perspectives on what constitutes literature. It examines definitions focused on written works with artistic value, bodies of writing from a culture/time period, and writings on a particular subject. The document also explores whether genres like advertisements, comics, or pulp fiction can be considered literature. Several authors weigh in on defining literature based on qualities like originality, craftsmanship, psychological truth, and understanding of moral values. Debates addressed include whether literature must be imaginative or fictional versus realistic, and the relationship between literature and understanding human nature.
Literary Criticism, II, Russian formalism
Russian formalism was a school of literary criticism that originated in Russia around 1915 and focused on analyzing the form and stylistic devices used in literature rather than their social or historical context. The movement emphasized making aspects of language unfamiliar through techniques like defamiliarization to draw attention to a text's artificiality and how it conveys meaning through form over content. Key concepts included literariness, the idea that literary language is distinguished from ordinary language by its use of devices like metaphor, rhyme and rhythm.
Functions of literature
Literature is the art of written works in a particular style on a subject. It can entertain readers, show how society works, and shape thinking by displaying ideologies. Literature also preserves language and culture, teaches about the human experience, and serves as a historical record of events.
Unit 1 introduction to Literary Theory & Criticism
This document provides an introduction to literary theory and criticism. It defines key terms like "criticism", discusses what literary criticism is, and defines a literary critic. It also explains literary theory as different lenses that critics use to analyze works. The document outlines four main types of literary criticism: practical, theoretical, descriptive, and prescriptive. It also summarizes four major theories of literary criticism: mimetic, pragmatic, expressive, and objective. Finally, it discusses traditional approaches like historical/biographical and moral/philosophical criticism as well as modern approaches like formalism, psychoanalysis, feminism, and Marxism.
What's hot (20)
Definition, elements, genres, and types of fiction
Definition, elements, genres, and types of fiction
Unit 1 introduction to Literary Theory & Criticism
Unit 1 introduction to Literary Theory & Criticism
Similar to Definition of Literature for Fundamentals of Literature
Lesson 1 The Concept of Literature
Fundamentals of Literature
The Concept of Literature
By Belachew Weldegebriel
Jimma University
College of Social Sciences and Humanities
Department of English Language and Literature
Jimma, Ethiopia
Whatisliterature 130720115921-phpapp02
The document discusses various definitions and perspectives on what constitutes literature. It examines definitions focused on written works with artistic value, bodies of writing from a culture/time period, and writings on a particular subject. The document also explores whether genres like advertisements, comics, or pulp fiction can be considered literature. Several authors weigh in on how to define and analyze literature, such as it being an art that transforms language or holds a mirror to society. Debates addressed include whether history and science can be creative/imaginative like literature, and why studying literature may help one understand human nature and culture.
What is Literature
The document discusses various definitions and perspectives on what constitutes literature. It examines whether literature requires creative writing of artistic value, or if other forms of writing like advertisements or manuals could be considered literature. The document also explores how literature relates to society and human nature, and whether it aims to accurately portray reality or use artistic license. Multiple scholars weigh in on defining literature and discussing its purpose and importance.
Literature Essay
Defining Literature Essay
literature Essay examples
Literature in Life Essay
The Study of Literature Essay
18th Century Literature Essay
Essay on Why Read Literature?
What Is Literature? Essay
What Is Literature Essay
Multicultural Literature Essay
How Literature is considered the most creative study?
Literature is a historic and creative fold that helps in the preservation of folklore and extends them to the commoners. The presentation gives a glimpse of how it provides a comparative analysis of the Platonic, Neo-classic, revolutionary, post-revolutionary, and modern times. It also gives an account of how one should major in it, so as to develop a creative psyche.
English Literature | Senior Secondary School
There are many types of fiction including literary fiction, commercial fiction, science fiction, animal fiction, adventure fiction, mystery, humorous fiction, fantasy, fable, allegory, parables, romance, folktales, and imaginative writings. Fiction is any form of literature, short stories, or poems that are made up rather than factual. Some key characteristics of fiction include featuring imaginary events and characters rather than facts.
Literary Essay Topics
What Is Literature Essay
Science and Literature Essay
18th Century Literature Essay
Literature in Life Essay
module1 teaching and assessment of lit.studies.pptx
Here are three key leaders for Black History Month along with a brief discussion of their lives and accomplishments:
1. Martin Luther King Jr. was an iconic American civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped organize the nonviolent protests of the Civil Rights Movement. He advocated for civil and economic rights through nonviolent civil disobedience. He delivered his historic "I Have a Dream" speech during the 1963 March on Washington.
2. Rosa Parks was an American activist known as the "Mother of the Civil Rights Movement." In 1955, she refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama, sparking the Montgomery Bus
Literature Reviewed
This document discusses definitions and characteristics of literature. It defines literature as creative written works, such as fiction, poetry, and drama, that are considered to have lasting artistic value. Literature uses language in unique ways to transform and intensify ordinary speech. Good literature holds a mirror to nature, is original, skillfully crafted, and conscious of moral values. The document also presents three theories for classifying literature: mimetic theory views it as a mirror of life, expressive theory sees it as an expression of feelings, and affective theory considers its purpose to arouse emotions in readers.
Literary criticismpowerpoint
1. Literature can be defined in several ways such as works with unique aesthetic qualities, works that have stood the test of time, or works that emphasize universal themes.
2. Literary theory involves developing concepts and generalizations to interpret and analyze literary texts.
3. Literary criticism is the application of theoretical principles to analyze, interpret, and evaluate literary texts in a disciplined way.
4. There are various approaches to literary criticism including formalism, structuralism, reader response theory, psychoanalytic criticism, gender studies, postcolonialism, Marxism, and feminism. Each approach examines different elements such as the text itself, the author, reader, or historical/social context.
An Ultimate Guide to Different Literary Genres.docx
This document provides an overview of different literary genres, including nonfiction, literary fiction, fantasy, historical fiction, poetry, and realist literature. It explains that nonfiction aims to present factual information, literary fiction focuses on artistic merit and social commentary, fantasy includes supernatural elements, historical fiction is set in the past, poetry uses symbolic language and rhyme, and realist literature depicts realistic settings and events. The document uses examples like Macbeth, Justice, and happiness to illustrate these different genres.
Literary appreciation
This document provides an overview of literary appreciation as an introductory textbook for senior secondary school students in Nigeria. It covers the key elements and genres of literature such as character, plot, theme, poetry, drama and prose. It also defines literary appreciation and discusses the functions and techniques of literature. The purpose is to equip students with the essential skills and knowledge of literary appreciation needed to perform well in Literature examinations like SSCE and JAMB.
module3 teaching and assessment of lit.studies - Copy.pptx
The document discusses literature as a significant human experience. It defines literature as any form of writing that deals with human society and experiences in an artistic way. Literature comments on themes relating to the human condition, such as death, relationships, and conformity, which make it relatable to readers. It also teaches lessons about life through exploring human possibilities and helping people discover themselves and find meaning in life. The document examines different genres and elements of literature such as prose, poetry, fiction and non-fiction.
Metafiction
This document provides an overview of the concept of metafiction. It defines metafiction as fictional writing that draws attention to itself as an artifact in order to examine the relationship between fiction and reality. Metafiction explores such questions by self-consciously displaying its own methods of construction. It reflects broader cultural interests in how humans construct and mediate their experience of the world. Metafiction uses techniques like violating narrative levels and experimental styles to blur the lines between fiction and reality.
UNIT-III-BOARDER-CROSSINGS-IN-WORLD-LITERATURE-TODAY.pptx
This document provides an overview of literature from the Global North and South. It begins by defining the Global North and South, with the Global North referring to rich, developed countries and the Global South comprising developing nations, former colonies, and areas affected negatively by globalization.
The main lesson then discusses literatures from the Global North, noting that contemporary European and American fiction still utilizes realism as a mode alongside postmodern experimental forms. It asks the reader to define realism and representation, and whether their meanings are related. Realism depicts life realistically while representation portrays people and societies.
What isliterature
This document discusses the evolving definition of "literature" over the last 50 years. Traditionally, literature referred to imaginative writing that was not factual, but many classical works were also non-fiction. The document argues that what makes a text "literary" is subjective and dependent on how people relate to it. It was traditionally based on language use but this excluded many texts. The literary "canon" was constructed by those in power to include mainly works by white European males, marginalizing other groups. There is no objective value or essence to literary works and their status changes over time based on changing social contexts and readers.
English American Before 1990s
This document provides background information on Washington Irving's short story "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow." It discusses Irving's biography and the social context in which he wrote. It then analyzes aspects of mysticism and the supernatural in the story. Specifically, it examines how Irving uses descriptions of nature to evoke mysticism and discusses the urban legends and haunted locations that are part of the story's setting. Quotes from the text are provided as examples to support how Irving incorporated mystical elements through the portrayal of the landscape and folklore traditions.
What is Literature.ppt
This document discusses the evolving definition of "literature" over the last 50 years. Traditionally, literature referred to imaginative writing, but the distinction between fact and fiction is blurry. The definition of literature has also become more subjective. Qualities like language were once seen as the main criteria for defining literature, but this excluded many important texts. The literary "canon" was constructed by those in power and marginalized works by underrepresented groups. There is no objective definition of literature - its meaning depends on how readers interpret texts based on their own experiences and contexts.
Literary Criticism Notes.ppt
Literary criticism involves analyzing, interpreting, evaluating, and discussing literature. It examines elements like genre, structure, and value. Literary criticism aims to understand what literature is, what purpose it serves, and what value it possesses. It provides frameworks for interpreting works through considering aspects like historical context, social influences, and symbolic meanings embedded in the text. Different schools of criticism offer various lenses for revealing important aspects of literary works.
Similar to Definition of Literature for Fundamentals of Literature (19)
How Literature is considered the most creative study?
How Literature is considered the most creative study?
module1 teaching and assessment of lit.studies.pptx
module1 teaching and assessment of lit.studies.pptx
An Ultimate Guide to Different Literary Genres.docx
An Ultimate Guide to Different Literary Genres.docx
module3 teaching and assessment of lit.studies - Copy.pptx
module3 teaching and assessment of lit.studies - Copy.pptx
UNIT-III-BOARDER-CROSSINGS-IN-WORLD-LITERATURE-TODAY.pptx
UNIT-III-BOARDER-CROSSINGS-IN-WORLD-LITERATURE-TODAY.pptx
More from Belachew Weldegebriel
Supporters of Ethiopia from across the Globe.pptx
These slides give credit to Ethiopian allies or supporters from across the globe: Individuals and organizations
TOEFL iBT Test Preparation Guide.pptx
I am preparing to take TOEFL Test myself. I compiled this slide in the preparation process. I thought other friends preparing for the test can benefit from the ideas presented in the slides. Let's go and prepare guys.
Friends of Ethiopia from across the Globe.pptx
This slide entitled Friends of Ethiopia from across the Globe is designed to give credit to good hearted persons from across the globe that were helpful to Ethiopia at different moments in the country's history.
Great Internationally Recognized Ethiopians.pptx
I compiled this slide to share just basic information about internationally recognized Ethiopian persons.
Pedagogical stylistics
The document discusses the pedagogical aspects and advantages of using a stylistic approach to teaching literature at the college level. A stylistic approach teaches students how language is used in literature and how meanings are made through language features. Adopting this approach would help students understand the role of language in literature and analyze unique aspects of different literary works. It also presents language in context and exposes students to complex vocabulary, syntax, and figurative language.
Covid-19 in Ethiopia (Coronavirus in Ethiopia)
COVID-19 in Ethiopia (Coronavirus in Ethiopia)
Compiled by Belachew Weldegebriel
E-mail: bellachew@gmail.com
COVID-19 Ethiopia (Corona Virus in Ethiopia)
The State of COVID-19 in Ethiopia
Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel (E-mail: bellachew@gmail.com)
Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Off-label and Compassionate use of Medications for COVID-19 Treatment
This document discusses off-label use of medications to treat COVID-19. It provides background on what constitutes off-label use and examples of drugs like hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin being used off-label to treat COVID-19 since they are approved to treat other conditions. It notes both potential benefits but also risks of off-label use, especially without evidence from controlled clinical trials, as side effects may be mistakenly attributed to the disease. It emphasizes the need for robust trials to evaluate potential treatments and verify their safety and efficacy.
Off-label Use of Medications for COVID-19 Treatment
Off-label Use of Medications for COVID-19 Treatment
Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel (Bpharm)
E-mail: bellachew@gmail.com
Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Coronavirus (COVID-19)
COVID-19/ Coronavirus Disease 2019 General Information
Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel (bellachew@gmail.com)
Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Presentation 2 Oral Literature
This document defines and discusses oral literature. It notes that oral literature refers to verbal art transmitted through word of mouth, including epic poems, songs, myths, and folk tales. Oral literature is produced anonymously and passed down generations through oral transmission. It serves purposes like educating societies, passing on culture and messages, entertainment, and filling time. Oral works are typically shorter forms, fluid, meant to be performed, reflective of shared values, and closely tied to performance contexts.
Fundamentals of Literature: Fiction ppt
This document defines and distinguishes between different types of fiction, including short stories, novellas, and novels. It notes that fiction is a narrative that includes imaginary or invented events, in contrast to non-fiction which deals with factual information. Short stories are brief narratives that focus on a single event or idea, while novellas and novels are longer forms that can incorporate more complex plots, characters, and themes over a greater length. Novels are the longest form of fictional narrative.
Romantic Literary Criticism
- Romantic literary criticism was developed by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge in works like Lyrical Ballads and Biographia Literaria.
- They shifted attention from poetry reflecting reality to the poet's expression of emotions and relationship to their work. Poetry became an expressive rather than mimetic art.
- Romantic critics like Wordsworth and Coleridge were also poets who produced the new Romantic poetry and wrote essential commentaries explaining their creative practices.
Neoclassical Literary Criticism
Neoclassical Literary Criticism
Compled by: Belachew Weldegebriel (Assistant Professor/English Literature)
Jimma University
CSSH
Department of English Language and Literature
Jimma, Ethiopia
Longinus The sublime
Literary Theory and Criticism
By Belachew Weldegebriel
Jimma University
College of Social Sciences and Humanities
Department of English Language and Literature
Ethiopian Literature in English: Definition, Origin and Development
Ethiopian Literature in English: Definition, Origin and Development
Compiled By: Belachew Weldegebriel (Assist. Professor)
Ethiopian Literature in English
This document provides an overview of Ethiopian literature written in English. It defines Ethiopian literature in English as creative works written in English by Ethiopians or about Ethiopia that reflect Ethiopian contexts and issues. While Ethiopia has a long tradition of literature in indigenous languages, writing in English first emerged in the 1960s and was influenced by Ethiopian intellectuals educated abroad. Some key reasons authors have chosen to write in English include reaching a broader international audience, avoiding censorship by publishing overseas, and using a language better equipped to discuss diverse concepts. However, English literature from Ethiopia remains in its infancy compared to its vernacular traditions.
Common Sentence Faults or Errors and how to correct them
This document discusses common sentence errors and how to correct them. It covers faulty sentences like fragments, run-on sentences, comma splices, lack of parallelism, misplaced and dangling modifiers, subject-verb and pronoun-antecedent agreement issues. Examples of each error are provided along with the corrections. Exercises are included for the reader to identify errors and rewrite sentences correctly. The goal is to help writers improve basic writing skills by learning to identify and fix common grammatical mistakes in sentences.
Sentence: Definition, Structural Parts, Examples, Etc
Basic Writing Skills (Sentence Level)
By Belachew Weldegebriel (bellachew@gmail.com)
Sentence
What is a sentence?
Definitions, Examples, . . .
A sentence
is a group of words which consists of subject and predicate and
expresses a complete thought.
Subject – names who/what is being talked about
Predicate – tells us something about the subject (action/ state of being).
Examples: Subject + verb
The baby cried.
The old man died.
She has gone.
The game ended.
Everyone laughed.
The beautiful girl giggled.
Examples: Subject (verb + adverb)
The baby cried bitterly.
The old man died yesterday.
We worked hard.
They played well.
Examples: Subject + trans verb + object
The boy kicked the ball.
The dog bit the girl.
The satellite rotates the earth.
Edison invented the electric bulb.
The chairman made a livelily speech.
Examples: Subject + trans verb + Direct object + Indirect Object
The President awarded him a gold medal.
I bade my friends a sad farewell.
He gave her some flowers.
She told me an interesting story.
Subject + link verb + complement
The room smells bad.
She felt sick.
Samuel is an engineer.
The boy is clever.
We are soldiers.
This is a disastrous action.
She was a beloved girl.
They were very friendly.
To sum up, a sentence:
must have subject and predicate (verb);
must express a complete thought;
needs to make sense;
must have a logical word order;
has to begin with a capital letter and end with appropriate terminal/end punctuation mark (./?/!)
can be short or long.
should be acceptable to native speakers of the language.
Look at the following group of words Can they qualify a sentence?
The clever student in our class.
If you go home earlier.
Samuel killed a big stone.
the party ruled South Africa for the past 40 years.
are Ethiopians we all
The beautiful girl walking down stairs.
The rain was envious.
She sang a beautiful song.
Sentence Types: Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative and Exclamatory
Sentence Types by Function
Compiled and presented by Belachew W/Gebriel
Jimma University
CSSH
Department of English language and Literature
What is a sentence?
A sentence is a group of words that makes sense.
A sentence expresses a complete thought.
A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with appropriate terminal punctuation mark.
A sentence has at least one subject and one verb.
There are four types of sentences by function/meaning.
Declarative Sentence – statement
Interrogative Sentence - Question
Imperative Sentence – Command and Request
Exclamatory Sentence
Declarative sentence
A declarative sentence makes a statement.
It is punctuated by a period.
Examples: The concert begins in two hours.
Green is my favorite color.
Addis Ababa is the capital city of Ethiopia.
I love my country.
Dr. Abegaz is the founder of Cardiac Center.
True love never fades with time.
Interrogative Sentence
An interrogative sentence asks a question.
It ends in a question Mark(?)
An indirect question ends with a period(.)
There are four different types of interrogative sentences: Wh-questions, yes or no questions, alternative questions, tag questions
Types of Interrogative Sentences
Wh-Questions
Imperative Sentence
An imperative sentence gives an order or makes a polite request. Imperatives can also express good wish.
It ends with a period or exclamation mark (./!)
Example
Please lower your voice.
Meet me at the town square.
Would you close the door please?
Eat your lunch.
Have a good time at the picnic.
May you live long!
Exclamatory Sentence
An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feelings, great emotion or excitement.
It ends with exclamation mark.
Examples: Wow! That is great news!
The river is rising!
The house is on fire!
Oh, what a great job!
What an interesting story!
Practice Questions
Identify the sentence types.
What Kind of candy do you like?
Wow, you did great!
I love to watch old movies.
Go and bring me some paper.
Practice with key
What Kind of candy do you like?(Interrogative)
Wow, you did great! (Exclamatory)
I love to watch old movies. (Declarative)
Go and bring me some Paper. (Imperative)
Exercise
What a silly man!
You look so beautiful!
Two of my students were absent today.
Our math teacher is tall.
Watch carefully for pirate ships on the horizon.
The trains leaves tomorrow at noon.
Have you brushed your teeth today?
Stop talking so loudly!
Exercise
9. Shut the door please.
10. The train left an hour ago.
11. How old is your daughter?
12. Do not open the presents until the morning!
More from Belachew Weldegebriel (20)
Off-label and Compassionate use of Medications for COVID-19 Treatment
Off-label and Compassionate use of Medications for COVID-19 Treatment
Off-label Use of Medications for COVID-19 Treatment
Off-label Use of Medications for COVID-19 Treatment
Ethiopian Literature in English: Definition, Origin and Development
Ethiopian Literature in English: Definition, Origin and Development
Common Sentence Faults or Errors and how to correct them
Common Sentence Faults or Errors and how to correct them
Sentence: Definition, Structural Parts, Examples, Etc
Sentence: Definition, Structural Parts, Examples, Etc
Sentence Types: Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative and Exclamatory
Sentence Types: Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative and Exclamatory
Recently uploaded
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Covered community pharmacy topic of the subject Social and preventive pharmacy for Diploma and Bachelor of pharmacy
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcAzure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
BBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Recently uploaded (20)
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Definition of Literature for Fundamentals of Literature
- 1. Compiled by: Belachew W. Jimma University College of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of English Language and Literature
- 3. Literature can be defined as ‘pieces of writing that are valued as works of art, especially novels, plays and poems’. (Oxford Advanced learner’s English Dictionary)
- 4. Can you comment on the following definitions of Literature? written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. "a great work of literature" books and writings published on a particular subject. "the literature on environmental epidemiology“ written works (such as poems, plays, and novels) that are considered to be very good and to have lasting importance. Literature is defined as books and other written works, especially those considered to have creative or artistic merit or lasting value.
- 5. Definitions of Literature Literature is the total of preserved writings belonging to a given language or people. Literature is a term used to describe written or spoken material. Literature is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific work but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, poetry, drama, fiction and non fiction. “the body of written works produced in a particular language, country, or age, or the body of writings on a particular subject (scientific, art, etc.)”
- 6. Literature: Literature is usually defined as “Imaginative” writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not literally true. Actually, the distinction between “fact” and “fiction” seems unlikely to get us very far Novels and news reports were neither clearly factual nor clearly fictional.
- 7. Literature Literature is not definable according to whether it is fictional or “imaginative” but because it uses language in particular ways. Literature is a kind of writing which represents an ‘organized violence committed on ordinary speech’ Raman Jocobson Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language, deviates systematically from everyday speech.
- 8. Some useful remarks and questions If literature includes much ‘factual’ writing, it also excludes quite a lot of fiction. If literature is ‘creative’ or ‘imaginative’ writing, does this imply that history, philosophy and natural science are uncreative and unimaginative?
- 9. What is Literature? The literary work was neither a vehicle for ideas, a reflection of social reality nor the incarnation of some transcendental truth: It is a material fact, whose functioning could be analyzed rather as one could examine a machine. It was made of words not of objects or feelings, and it was a mistake to see it as the expression of the author’s mind.
- 10. Formalists view of literature The formalists started out by seeing the literary work as a more or less arbitrary assemblage of ‘devices’, and only later come to see these devices as interrelated elements of functions within a total textual system. Devices included sound, imagery, rhythm, syntax, meter, rhyme, narrative techniques , in fact the whole stock of formal literary elements; and what all of these elements had in common was their estranging or defamiliarizing effect.
- 11. Non-fiction This can also be called “informational" material. These types of books provide information that is factual. Nothing is make-believe in these types of materials. More specific examples of this type of genre would be . . . Biographies Autobiographies
- 12. Non-fiction Biographies: A true account of a person's life written, composed, or produced by another. Autobiographies: The biography of a person written by that person him/herself.
- 13. Fiction In this type of work, the author can make up the whole/entire story. Authors can also choose to include factual information in a made-up story. The author can have wizards creating magic spells or it can be about a 12 year old girl who has a secret crush.
- 16. Questions
- 17. Questions “Art is not a mirror to reflect reality; but a hammer to shape it. Bertolt Brecht