The document discusses definite and indefinite articles in English. It provides examples of when to use "a/an", "the", and no article. It explains that "a/an" is used with singular countable nouns to refer to something for the first time or as a non-specific example. "The" is used to refer to something already mentioned or known to both the speaker and listener. No article is used with plural nouns, uncountable nouns, names of languages, countries, towns and streets.

1. Definite and Indefinite
Articles
Lipovac Tatjana

2. • Use a/an with the singular noun, the- with singular or noun in plural.
A cat- some cats
The cat- the cats
• Use 'a' with nouns starting with a consonant (letters that are not vowels),
'an' with nouns starting with a vowel (a,e,i,o,u) a boy
• an apple
• a car
• an orange
• a house
• an opera
NOTE:
An before an h mute - an hour, an honour.
A before u and eu when they sound like 'you': a european, a university, a unit
ARTICLE (Članovi)
DEFINITE (određeni) INDEFINITE (neodređeni)
the a, an

3. INDEFINITE ARTICLE (a/an)
USE EXAMPLE NOTES
to refer to something for the
first time
An elephant and a mouse fell
in love.
Would you like a drink?
I've finally got a good job.
Yesterday I met a boy near
my house. The boy wanted
to comunicate with me.
meaning 'one', referring to a
single object or person:
I'd like an orange and two
lemons please.
Notice also that we usually say
a hundred, a thousand, a million.
NOTE: that we use 'one' to add
emphasis or to contrast with other
numbers:
I don't know one person who likes
eating elephant meat.
We've got six computers but only one
printer.
with names of jobs: John is a doctor.
Mary is training to be an
engineer.
He wants to be a dancer.
with nationalities and
religions:
John is an Englishman.
Kate is a Catholic.
John is British.

4. INDEFINITE ARTICLE (a/an)
USE EXAMPLE
to refer to a kind of, or example of something The mouse had a tiny nose.
The elephant had a long trunk.
It was a very strange car.
with singular nouns, after the words 'what'
and 'such'
What a shame!
She's such a beautiful girl.
after ‘There is” There is a book on the table.

5. DEFINITE ARTICLE (the)
USE EXAMPLE
to refer to something which has already been
mentioned.
An elephant and a mouse fell in love.
The mouse loved the elephant's long
trunk,
and the elephant loved the mouse's tiny
nose.
when both the speaker and listener know
what is being talked about, even if it has not
been mentioned before.
'Where's the bathroom?'
'It's on the first floor.'
in sentences or clauses where we define or
identify a particular person or object
The man who wrote this book is famous.
'Which car did you scratch?' 'The red
one.
My house is the one with a blue door.'
to refer to objects we regard as unique the sun, the moon, the world , the
Internet, the Earth, the Eiffel Tower
The equator, the North/ South Pole,
before superlatives and ordinal numbers
(only, last, first, second)
the highest building, the first page, the
last chapter

6. DEFINITE ARTICLE (the)
USE EXAMPLE NOTES
with adjectives, to refer to a
whole group of people (as plural
nouns), families, nationalities
ending in – sh, -ch, -ese
the Japanese, the
English, the Dutch, the
Greens, the old, the
poor, the rich
Other plural nationalities are
used with or without “ the”
The Greeks, the Italians,
Latvians (the Latvians)
with the words: beach, cinema,
country (side), ground, jungle,
radio, sea, seaside, theatre,
world, station, shop, pub, library
He laiks going to the
theatre.
She went to the station
to meet Jim.
We often say “ television”
without “ the” .
We often watch television.
But! Turn on the television
(set).
before “ most” (as a superlative) She is the most
beautiful girl.
Don’t use “ the” if “ most” is
as a determiner followed by a
noun.
Most people believe he is a
liar.
morning, afternoon, evening I’ll be at home in the
evening.
But don’t use with: at night,
at noon, at midnight, at 4
o’clock, by day/ night
historical references/events The Renaissance, the
Middle Ages, the First
World War
But: World War I

7. DEFINITE ARTICLE (the)
USE EXAMPLE
with the manes of: rivers, seas, groups of
islands/ states, mountain ranges, deserts,
oceans, canals, directions
The Danube, the Black Sea, The Bahamas,
the USA, the Alps, the Sahara desert, the
Atlantic, the north/south, east/ west
With the names or nouns with “ of” The Tower of London, the Statue of
Liberty
musical instruments, dances The piano, the tango
with the titles The Queen, the Prince, (but not with
Queen Victoria)
with the names of:
cinemas, theatres, hotels, museums,
newspapers/magazines, ships
The Odeon, the Sheraton, the Prado, the
Guardian
with decades, or groups of years She grew up in the seventies.

8. There is no Article (the)
USE EXAMPLE NOTES
with names of countries (if
singular)
Germany is an important
economic power.
He's just returned from
Zimbabwe.
But: I'm visiting the United
States next week.
The United Kingdom, the
European Union
with the names of
languages
French is spoken in Tahiti.
English uses many words of
Latin origin.
Indonesian is a relatively new
language.
But: I’m studying the English
language.
with the names of meals Lunch is at midday.
Breakfast is the first meal of the
day.
with people's names (if
singular)
John's coming to the party.
George King is my uncle.
But: we're having lunch with the
Morgans tomorrow.
after the 's possessive case His brother's car.
Peter's house.
with professions Engineering is a useful career.
He'll probably go into medicine.

9. There is no Article (the)
USE EXAMPLE NOTES
with years: 1948 was a wonderful year.
Do you remember 1995?
With uncountable nouns: Rice is the main food in Asia.
Milk is often added to tea in
England.
But: I don’t usually like rice, but
the rice I ate yesterday was
really tasty.
with the names of
individual mountains, lakes
and islands:
Mount McKinley is the highest
mountain in Alaska.
She lives near Lake
Windermere.
Have you visited Long Island?
But: The Alps
with most names of towns,
streets, stations and
airports:
Victoria Station is in the centre
of London.
Can you direct me to Bond
Street?
She lives in Florence.
They're flying from Heathrow.

10. Let’s do some
exercises!

11. 1. Robert and Jim went to ____the__ party last night.
2. Can you tell me how to get to ___the____ cinema from here?
3. ___The____ college is closed today.
4. George is one of ___the___ strangest people I know.
5. I recommend you try ___x____ tomato soup at this restaurant.
6. Would you like to see ___a___ film? ___The___ film I saw yesterday was excellent.
7. ___An___ apple __a__ day keeps __the____ doctor away.
8. I can't believe I failed ___the___ yesterday's test!
9. Do you have ____the___ dictionary that I can borrow?
10. ____x__Maria is wearing _a__ blue dress with red shoes
11. Christmas comes once _a__ year.
12. Jane went to the shop to buy _x__ bread.
13. ____x__mum broke __a_ glass when she was washing-up.
14. This is _an__ easy question. This is ___the__ easiest exercise I have ever seen.
15. Stephen could you speak __a_ little louder.
16. May I have your _x__ phone number?
17. May I ask you __a_ question?
18. __x____Alex is __the_ best teacher in our school.
19. My girlfriend has __x_ my car today.
20. I went to _the__ sea during my summer holiday.
21. This is Joanna. She's ___a__ doctor.
22. Is there __a_ cash machine near here?

12. I am from___x____ Winchester, _x___Hampshire.
Winchester is __a___city in ___the____United Kingdom. I
live in ___a____town called Taunton which is on
___the___River Tone. I live in ___a___house in
___a___quiet street in __the____ countryside.
___The___street is called ___x___ "Hudson Street" and
____the___house is old - more than 100 years old! I am
____an__English lecturer at___a___ college near
____the___centre of __the____town. I like ___x___
books, ____x___music and taking
___x______photographs. I usually have____x___ lunch
at_____the__ college. I usually go __x_____home by car.
We have all kinds of food in___x_____ England. I
like__x___ Polish food very much. Sometimes, I go to
____a___Polish restaurant in ____x______Bath.
____The______restaurant is called "Magda's".
____x____Polish food is delicious!