This Presentation will inform you about Deep Vein Thrombosis.
This will give you awareness on virchows triad.
This will throw light on pathophysiology & clinical manifestation of DVT.
This will give you the knowledge on diagnosis of DVT.
This ppt will bring the cup of knowledge on physiotherapy assessment & management of DVT
This presentation will throw the light on cardiac physiotherapy rehab after surgery.
This presentation will give the information about definition, center & core team members of cardiac rehab.
This presentation will aware you about core components & training principles of cardiac rehabilitation.
This will inform you about the phases of cardiac physiotherapy rehab after surgery, which also includes weight & nutritional management also behavioral modification & tobacco & smoking cessation with psychological management.
This presentation will throw the light on cardiac physiotherapy rehab after surgery.
This presentation will give the information about definition, center & core team members of cardiac rehab.
This presentation will aware you about core components & training principles of cardiac rehabilitation.
This will inform you about the phases of cardiac physiotherapy rehab after surgery, which also includes weight & nutritional management also behavioral modification & tobacco & smoking cessation with psychological management.
Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration is a treatment technique used for respiratory care of patients with unconscious or non-alert, and ventilated, and also with a neurological condition
NPF is the use of external proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that produce reflex respiratory movement responses and that increase the rate and depth of breathing
Exercise tolerance testing (also known as exercise testing or exercise stress testing) is used routinely in evaluating patients who present with chest pain, in patients who have chest pain on exertion, and in patients with known ischaemic heart disease.
physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Sunil kumar
role of physiotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, principles of physical therapy management in copd, physiotherapy assessing and treatment for copd
Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration is a treatment technique used for respiratory care of patients with unconscious or non-alert, and ventilated, and also with a neurological condition
NPF is the use of external proprioceptive and tactile stimuli that produce reflex respiratory movement responses and that increase the rate and depth of breathing
Exercise tolerance testing (also known as exercise testing or exercise stress testing) is used routinely in evaluating patients who present with chest pain, in patients who have chest pain on exertion, and in patients with known ischaemic heart disease.
physiotherapy management for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Sunil kumar
role of physiotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, principles of physical therapy management in copd, physiotherapy assessing and treatment for copd
Fwd: Bambury lecture on venous and lymphatic disorders of the limbJeku Jacob
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Henning L. Stokmo <helangen@gmail.com>
Date: 2009/2/12
Subject: Bambury lecture on venous and lymphatic disorders of the limb
To: ucdgrad09@gmail.com
STEP TEST for physical fitness......pptxAneriPatwari
This presentation will inform about the fitness testing by step test.
This will enhance the knowledge of types of step test.
It will give detail information of Harvard step test, Queens college step test, Canadian step test.
It will describe the procedure, required equipment and score sheet of the test.
It will give the formula of vo2 max also the scoring criteria of male and female.
It will also provide the physical fitness index criteria for both male and female.
It will compare the test amongst themselves.
All the 3 test are having high validity and reliability score.
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS........pptxAneriPatwari
This power point will help the physiotherapists for arterial blood gas analysis.
This will inform about the acid-base balance in body.
It will also tells about the indications and sites of taking ABG.
it will gives the knowledge on components and compensation of ABG.
it will hive detail information about respiratory acidosis and alkolosis & metabolic acidosis and alkalosis with its reasoning and clinical signs.
CRAWLING EXERCISES by Dr. Aneri.....pptxAneriPatwari
This powerpoint throws the light on Crawling Exercise
It will inform you physiotherapist about the milestone which should be achieved before crawling exercise.
It will brings the knowledge about purpose and uses of crawling exercise.
It will give detail information of types of Crawling Exercises
This powerpont will inform about the chest PNF with its definition, principles,aims, indications & contraindications and its effects.
It will lighten up the knowledge of techniques of chest PNF with its observatory findings and its mechanism
physiotherapy in Acne condition.....pptxAneriPatwari
This slides will inform about the definition, prevalance and risk factors of acne
This will also tells about causes and signs and symptoms of acne
This will lighten up the types and acne parthenogenesis
Also shows the Pillsbury classification and severity of acne.
This will give detail physiotherapy management of acne.
PHYSIOTHERAPY IN LYMPHOEDEMA CONDITION.pptxAneriPatwari
This power point will lighten up the anatomy, functions, components and flow of lymphatic system.
This will inform about causes, complications, types of lymphoedema.
This will give the knowledge of scales and severity of lymphoedema.
This will enhance the knowledge for difference in lymphoedema and oedema.
This will give detail physiotherapy assessment and management for lymphoedema.
PHYSIOTHERAPY IN HEART TRANSPLANTATION..AneriPatwari
This power point throws the light on Heart transplantation.
it will inform about the indications and contraindication of heart transplant.
It will tell you about the donor selection & donor-recipient matching for heart transplantation.
It will enhance the knowledge of types and complications of heart transplantation.
It will feed the need of assessment and management of heart transplant pre and post-off
It will give the information about physiotherapy assessment pre and post surgery for heart transplantation.
It will lighten the side of physiotherapy management for heart transplantation.
CRYOTHERAPY BY DR. ANERI PATWARI.. .pptxAneriPatwari
This presentation will throw light on cryotherapy.
This will inform you about the types of cryotherapy.
This will increase your knowledge on principle of cryotherapy.
This will brings the information on physiological and therapeutic effect on cryotherapy.
This will lighten the the knowledge of indication and contraindications of cryotherapy.
It will inform about the cooling magnitude and the reasons of the effects.
WHIRLPOOL BATH by Dr.Aneri patwari..pptxAneriPatwari
This power point throw light on whirlpool bath.
It will also improve the knowledge on principles & techniques of application of whirlpool bath.
It will also give the knowledge on therapeutic effects & actions of whirlpool
It will enhance the information on indication & contraindication of whirlpool bath.
It will serves the knowledge on uses and precautions on whirlpool bath.
It will inform you about the classification of different type of whirlpool bath.
PARAFFIN WAX BATH THERAPY by Dr. Aneri..AneriPatwari
This presentation will give you detail knowledge about wax therapy
This will inform you about the composition of wax.
this will throw light on wax unit.
This presentation will give you information about principle of wax therapy
This presentation will aware you about indications, contraindications, advantages & disadvantages of wax therapy.
this presentation give much information about methods of wax therapy & its technique.
this presentation also have the care of apparatus of wax unit.
PRINCIPLES & LAWS OF MOTION with its types & examplesAneriPatwari
This presentation will throw light on types of motion
This will help in gaining knowledge about causes & principles of motion.
This will improve awareness of laws of motion.
This will give knowledge about newtons laws of motion .
Newton has 3 laws: Inertia, F=ma, Action & Reaction
This PPT have the examples of newtons law of motion
This will aware you about kinds of motion & its experienced by body.
This will inform you about the centripetal & centrifugal forces.
This will bring knowledge about difference between centripetal & centrifugal forces with its examples.
This presentation will throw light on body composition
It will increase your knowledge of assessment & classification of it
It gives focus on fat mass, fat free mass & lean body mass
it will give information about detailed information of body composition analysis
it even gives basic information about body composition which we can do without any expensive materiel that is anthropometry measurement: skin fold measurement, BMI, girth measurement, waist-hip ratio.
it also inform us about the amount of storge fat and essential fat present at each part of body by the instrument named BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE
This presentation will be useful for physiotherapy students to increase their awareness on one of the superficial heating modality.
This will also be helpful for those who wants to reduce their pain.
This presentation will throw a light on hydrocollator pack which is stored in hydrocollator unit.
This will tell you on which principle of heat tranfer will hydrocollator pack is used.
This presentation will increase focus on indication and contraindications of hydrocollator packs with their advantages and disadvantages moreover will tells you about its danger and precautions.
This presentation will give you the information of physiological effects of hydrocollator packs.
This will contribute in your knowledge for method of application: patient preparation, apparatus preparation & its application.
This presentation gives the idea about heat transfer
this presentation will provide awareness
about heat energy
like how the heat transfer from 1 object to other with its principle
There are 4 principles of heat transfer: Conduction, Convection, Radiation, Evaporation
The heat transfer principles have their own law
The examples for all this principles will give better awareness about it.
This presentation will help physiotherapy students for their theory as well as practical purpose for measuring the exercise tolerance level of the individual.
This presentation includes maximal and sub maximal exercise testing with it's VO2 max formula
This presentation gives brief description of the treadmill test, am-strand cycle ergo-meter test, 6MWT, symptom limited testing, shuttle walk test
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
2. VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM
(VTE)
• Venous thromboembolism (VTE) A condition in which a blood clot
(thrombus) forms in a vein, which in some cases then breaks free and enters
the circulation as an embolus, finally lodging in and completely obstructing
a blood vessel, e.g., in lungs causing a PE (PULMONARY EMBOLISM)
• The most common type of venous thromboembolism is DEEP VEIN
THROMBOSIS, which occurs in veins deep within the muscles of the
leg,arm and pelvis.
• A superficial venous thrombosis (also called phlebitis or superficial
thrombophlebitis) is a blood clot that develops in a vein close to the surface
of the skin. These types of blood clots do not usually travel to the lungs
unless they move from the superficial system into the deep venous system
first.
03-01-2024 2
4. VTE OCCURS AS A RESULT OF
“VIRCHOW’S TRIAD” IS A COMBINATION
OF
03-01-2024 4
5. DVT
• Dvt(deep vein thrombosis) commonly occurs in lower extremities (calf
& thigh), but also occur in upper extremities.
• The primary pathophysiological concern associated with dvt is
immobilization.
• Dvt itself can also result in peripheral vascular compromise, infection
& venous gangrene.
• Post-thrombotic syndrome is a chronic complication of dvt, damage to
venous valves result in venous pooling.
• The superficial femoral and popliteal veins in thighs and posterior
tibial and peroneal veins in calves are most commonly affected
03-01-2024 5
11. TERMINOLOGIES
• Thrombophlebitis a thrombus accompanied by
inflammation of the vein (phlebitis).
• Phlebothrombosis - refers to a thrombus with minimal
inflammation.
• Dislodgment and migration of a thrombus are known as
thromboembolism. Which is common in
phlebothrombosis.
03-01-2024 11
12. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
FREQUENT
• Calf pain or tenderness, or both
• Swelling with pitting oedema
• Increased skin temperature and
fever
• Superficial venous dilatation
• Cyanosis can occur with severe
obstruction
LESS FREQUENT
• Phlegmasia alba dolens,
• Phlegmasia cerulea dolens, and
• Venous gangrene.
• These are clinical spectrum of
the same disorder.
03-01-2024 12
14. DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
• Clinical examination alone is able to confirm only 20-
30% of cases of DVT
• Blood Tests The D-dimer
• Imaging Studies
03-01-2024 14
17. VENOGRAPHY
• It detects thrombi in both calf
and thigh
• It can conclude and exclude the
diagnosis of DVT when other
objective testings are not
conclusive.
03-01-2024 17
18. VENOGRAPHY
ADVANTAGES
• It is useful if the patient has a
high clinical probability of
thrombosis and a negative
ultrasound.
• It is also valuable in
symptomatic patients with a
history of prior thrombosis in
whom the ultrasound is non-
diagnostic.
DIS-ADVANTAGES
• It can primary cause of DVT
in 3% of patients who
undergo this diagnostic
procedure.
• An invasive and expensive.
• Although Venography was
once considered the gold
standard for diagnosis of
DVT, today it is more
commonly used in research
environments and less
frequently utilized in clinical
practice.
03-01-2024 18
19. RADIOLABELED FIBRINOGEN
• Because the radioactive isotope
incorporates into a growing
thrombus, this test can
distinguish new clot from an old
clot.
• Nuclear medicine studies done
with I125- labeled fibrinogen .
• More commonly used in
research.
03-01-2024 19
20. PLETHYSMOGRAPHY
• Principle- Blood volume
changes in the leg lead to
changes in electrical resistance.
• Venous return in the lower
extremity is occluded by
of a thigh cuff, and then the cuff
is released, resulting in a
decrease in calf blood volume.
Any obstruction of the proximal
veins diminishes the volume
change, which is detected by
measuring changes in electrical
resistance (impedance) over the
calf
03-01-2024 20
21. NON-INVASIVE
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
• Color-flow Duplex scanning is the
imaging test of choice for patients
with suspected DVT
• inexpensive, noninvasive,
• widely available
• Ultrasound can also distinguish other
causes of leg swelling, such as tumor,
popliteal cyst,abscess, aneurysm, or
hematoma.
MRI
• It detects leg, pelvis, and
pulmonary thrombi and is 97%
sensitive and 95% specific for
DVT.
• It distinguishes a mature from
an immature clot.
• MRI is safe in all stages of
pregnancy.
• Test may not be appropriate for
patients with pacemakers or
other metallic implants, it can
be an effective diagnostic
option for some patients.
03-01-2024 21
24. MEDICAL
• Measures for preventing or reducing blood clotting within the vascular system are
indicated in patients with deep vein thrombosis.
• Unfractionated heparin: administered subcutaneously to prevent development
of DVT, or by intermittent or continuous IV infusion for 5 days to prevent the
extension of a thrombus and the development of new thrombi.
• Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWHs): Subcutaneous LMWHs that may
include medications such as dalteparin and enoxaparin are effective treatments for
some cases of DVT; they prevent the extension of a thrombus and development of
new thrombi.
• Oral anticoagulants: Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist that is indicated for
extended coagulant therapy.
• Factor Xa inhibitor: Fondaparinux selectively inhibits factor Xa.
• Thrombolytic therapy: Unlike heparins, catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy
lyses and dissolves thrombi in at least 50% of patients.
03-01-2024 24
28. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
• Name:-xyz
• Age/gender:-advance age
• Occupation:-mostly sedentary lifestyle
• Date of addmission:-
• Date of operation:- in operated cases
• Date of discharge:-
• Date of examination:-
03-01-2024 28
29. • VITAL SIGNS:-
RR-
PR-
BP-
HR-
SP02-
HEART SOUND-
• CHIEF COMPLAIN:-
Pain & swelling of back of the lower leg.
Warm skin in the affected area.
Red skin color of the affected area.
Pain at walking
03-01-2024 29
31. • Past medical history:-chronic predisposing modifiable and non-
modifible risk factors.
• Past surgical history:-
• Family history:-of venous thromboembolism
• Surgical notes:-
Immobilization for prolong period.
Insertion of intra-vascular device.
• Personal history:-
Maybe altered due to pain.
B/b may be inserted catheter.
Habits:-smoking
03-01-2024 31
32. PAIN ASSESMENT
• Site:-
• Side:-
• Type:-thrombing cramp like pain
• Onset:-gradual
• Duration:-since immobiliztion period
• Intensity:-vas
• At rest & during activity no pain maximum pain
• Aggrevating factor:-standing or walking
• Reliveing factor:-
03-01-2024 32
33. ON OBSERVATION
• Posture:-tightness of affected muscles.
• Swelling:-of affected muscles.
• Redness:- of affected muscles.
• Gait: antalgic gait
03-01-2024 33
34. ON PALPATION
• Tenderness:- of affected area.
• Swelling:- of affected area.
• Temperature:-increase localized temperature of affected area.
03-01-2024 34
35. ON EXAMINATION
• Girth measurement of calf muscle in figure of 8 manner.
• Range of motion
1. Knee that is flexion and extension
2. Ankle that is df,pf,eversion,inversion
• Manual muscle testing
1. Knee that is hamstrings and quadriceps
2. Ankle that is tibilis anterior and calf muscle
• Special test
1. Homans sign : calf pain at df of foot
03-01-2024 35
37. ICIDH2
1. Body structure
A. Direct:dvt
B. Indirect:swelling ,redness
2. Body function
A. Direct:abnormal venous return, pain, decreased rom and muscle strength
B. Indirect:gait, posture
3. Activity limitation and participation restriction: proper weight
bearing, adl
03-01-2024 37
38. PFD
• A 50+ OLD PATIENT HAVING PAIN,SWELLING,TIGHTNESS OF
MUSCLE,ANTALGIC GAIT,IMPAIRED ROM,STRENGTH ASSOSITED WITH
DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS
03-01-2024 38
40. GOALS
SHORT TERM GOALS
• To counsel the patient.
• To reduce pain and swelling.
• To increase range of motion.
• To increase muscles length.
• Early ambulation after surgery
LONG TERM GOALS
• To reduce swelling or oedema
• Increase muscle strength
• Cardiopulmonary endurance
• Do’s & don’ts
• Ergonomics advice
03-01-2024 40
41. TO COUNSEL THE PATIENT
• Educate the patient about the condition.
• Explain its prognosis.
• Ask him to do regular exercises to prevent pulmonary embolism.
• Ask to do exercise at regular interval while travelling or doing the
work at prolong static posture.
03-01-2024 41
42. TO REDUCE PAIN AND SWELLING
• Ice-pack at the affected area:-
• 15 minutes
• 3-4 times per day
• Elevate the affected area while sleepin or doing rest.
• Don’t keep your legs hanging while doing work.
• Wear gratuated compression stockings creating gentle pressure that
keep blood cooling and clotting.
03-01-2024 42
43. TO INCREASE RANGE OF MOTION
• Active ankel toe movement.
• Ankle pumping. In case of lower limb
• Active knee flexion & extension
• Wrist flexion & extension.
• Wrist ulnar & radial deviation.
• Elbow flexion & extension.
• Early ambulation in case of major surguries or stroke.
03-01-2024 43
44. TO INCREASE MUSCLES LENGTH
• To strech the affected muscle
Example:- for calf muscle
1. Gastrocnemius-supine potion
Procedure:-cradle the foot and stretch the muscle with
full knee extension
2. Soleus-supine position
Procedure:-cradle the foot and stretch the muscle with
30` knee flexion.
03-01-2024 44
47. TO INCREASE MUSCLES STRENGTH
• Actively:-
1. Gastrocnemius:-one leg standing position with two fingure support on table.
Do knee flexion & extension with knee full extension.
2. Soleus:-one leg standing position with two fingure support on table. Do knee
flexion & extension with knee 30` flexion.
• With resistance
1. Manual:-give resistance in every ankel and knee movement
2. Elastic-resistance:-use theraband & theratube for every ankle & knee
movement
03-01-2024 47
50. TO REDUCE SWELLING & OEDEMA
• Intermittent pneumatic compression is a therapeutic technique use in
medical device that include air-pump & inflatable auxiliary sleeves,
gloves in a system design to improve venous circulation in limbs of
patient who suffer dvt.
03-01-2024 50
54. DO’S
• Do exercise regularly
• Elivate your leg while sleeping or
resting.
• Wear stockings
• Take walks
• Use ice pack
• Drink plenty of fluid
DONT’S
• Avoid hanging your legs
• Avoid wearing tight socks
• Don’t do massage as it break and loose
blood clots and travrl to unwanted
areas of body like heart or lungs
causing a fatal heart attack or a
blocked artery
• Avoid coffee and alcohol as it will
dehydrate us and makes veins
narrower and blood thicker so more
likely to get clot
03-01-2024 54
55. ERGONOMICS
• Do exercise on regular intervals.
• Use proper foot-rest.
• Don’t hang your legs.
• Use leg ergometer
03-01-2024 55
