supercapacitor uses

1. SUPERCAPACITOR
As energy storage device

2. What is Capacitor?
• A CAPACITOR (OR CONDENSER) IS A TWO
TERMINAL DEVICE USED TO STORE ENERGY IN
AN ELECTRIC FIELD.
• WHEN THERE IS A POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE (VOLTAGE)
ACROSS THE CONDUCTORS, A STATIC ELECTRIC
FIELD DEVELOPS ACROSS THE DIELECTRIC, WHICH
CAUSES POSITIVE CHARGE TO COLLECT ON ONE
PLATE AND NEGATIVE CHARGE ON THE OTHER
PLATE. ENERGY IS STORED IN THE FORM OF
ELECTROSTATIC FIELD.
2

3. Supercapacitor Definition
SUPERCAPACITORS ARE
ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICES WITH
FOLLOWING FEATURES:
* HIGH POWER DENSITY.
• HIGH CAPACITANCE. 3

4. • SUPER CAPACITOR ARE ENERGY
STORAGE DEVICE OF CAPABLE OF
DELIVERS POWER MUCH HIGHER
RATE THAN BATTERY.
• THE SUPER CAPACITORS ARE USED IN
MODERN CARS AS ENERGY RECOVERY
SYSTEM. 4

5. •IN COMPARISON TO
BATTERY ,SUPER CAPACITOR
HAVE LOW ENERGY
CAPACITY.
•BUT IT GIVES 10 TO 100
TIME MORE POWER THAN
BATTERY.
5

6. EXPLAIN POWER AND ENERGY
• TO HELP UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN POWER AND
ENERGY LET’S USE AN ANALOGY OF BUCKET OF WATER WITH A HOLE
IN IT.
• WATER CAN ONLY LEAVE THE BUCKET VIA THE HOLE ANALOGOUS TO
POWER.
• THE AMOUNT OF WATER THAT CAN BE HELD WITH THE BUCKET IS
ANALOGOUS TO THE ENERGY CAPACITY .
• A LARGER HOLE IN THE BUCKET IT SHOWS THAT POWER WAS
INCREASING.
• WHEN THE VOLUME IS INCREASING IT INCREASES THE ENERGY.
6

7. Comparison between power and energy
7

8. • A SUPER CAPACITOR IS A
SMALL BUCKET WITH BIG
HOLE.
• WHERE AS A BATTERY IS A
BIG BUCKET WITH A SMALL
HOLE
8

9. Principle Construction
IT CONSISTS OF
FOLLOWING
COMPONENTS:
• CURRENT COLLECTOR:
METAL CONTACTS ARE
USED AS CURRENT
COLLECTORS . 9

10. Actual structure in super capacitor
10

11. POLARIZED ELECTRODE:
HIGHLY ACTIVATED CARBON
IS USED AS ELECTRODE BECAUSE OF
FOLLOWING REASONS:
• IT IS HIGHLY POROUS
• IT HAS GOOD CONDUCTIVITY
• HIGH TEMPERATURE AND CHEMICAL STABILITY
• CORROSION RESISTANT
11

12. Electrolyte
IT CONTAINS DISSOLVED AND SOLVATED IONS THAT MIGRATE
TO AND FROM THE ELECTRODES DURING CHARGE AND
DISCHARGE RESPECTIVELY.
ELECTROLYTES ARE OF TWO TYPES:
• WATER SOLUBLE
• WATER INSOLUBLE
12

13. Separator
IT ACTS AS MECHANICAL SEPARATION BETWEEN TWO
ELECTRODES.
IT MUST PROVIDE ELECTRONIC
INSULATION BETWEEN THE ELECTRODE OF
OPPOSITE POLARIZATION
IT MUST SUPPORT IONIC CONDUCTION
FROM ONE ELECTRODE TO ANOTHER. 13

14. WORKING
14

15. Difference between Supercapacitor and capacitor
MORE POWER REQUIRED FOR
SMALL TIME INTERVAL IN 200
M RACE
CONSTANT BUT LESS POWER REQUIRED
FOR LARGE TIME IN 20 KM RACE
15

16. Advantages
• LOW ESR (EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE )AND HENCE HIGH
POWER DENSITY
• APPRECIABLE OPERATING TEMP.(-40ºC TO 70ºC)
• ECO-FRIENDLY
16

17. Disadvantages
•LOW VOLTAGE PER CELL
•IT CAN'T BE USED IN AC &
HIGH FREQUENCY
CIRCUITS
13

18. Typical Applications
• USED IN DIESEL ENGINE START UP IN SUBMARINES &
TANKS..
• CAN BE USED IN F &V CONTROL IN POWER SYSTEMS
• USED AS BACKUP ENERGY SOURCE FOR GPS GUIDED
MISSILES
18

19. Thank
you
19