This document provides an overview of data security essentials and cryptographic concepts. It discusses motivation for data security, including reputation, business competitiveness, and cloud computing. The agenda includes basic cryptographic concepts like hashes, symmetric and asymmetric cryptography. It also covers secure credential storage, data confidentiality, authentication, and recent trends in cloud data security.
Getting Started in Blockchain Security and Smart Contract AuditingBeau Bullock
Why is blockchain security important?
Blockchain usage has exploded since the Bitcoin whitepaper was first published in 2008. Many applications rely on this technology for increased trust and privacy, where they would otherwise be absent from a centralized system.
The ecosystem surrounding blockchain technology is large, complex, and has many moving pieces. Exchanges exist where users can transact various cryptocurrencies, NFTs, and tokens. Smart contracts can be written to programmatically apply behavior to blockchain transactions. Decentralized Finance (DeFi) markets exist where users can swap tokens without needing to sign up for an account.
All of these pieces are prone to vulnerabilities, and with blockchain being at the forefront of emerging technology new issues are being found daily.
In this Black Hills Information Security (BHIS) webcast, we'll use case studies about recent blockchain hacks to introduce the underlying issues that occur in writing/engineering smart contracts that have ultimately lead to the loss of millions of dollars to attackers.
Outsmarting Smart Contracts - an essential walkthrough a blockchain security ...SecuRing
The most common blockchain-based application is Bitcoin - cryptocurrency worth a couple of thousands $ per BTC. But Bitcoin is built on the Blockchain 1.0. The second generation of blockchain opened a much broader field of application and is described as mechanism allowing programmable transactions. Smart Contracts, as they are called, are scripts that are executed and stored in the blockchain...
If you do not have a proper key management process for changing the keys, then it’s better to have no encryption at all. A look inside Key Management Techniques.
in I.T field we need secure data communication and one of the most worldwide utility is OpenSSL . In our slide you will find basic introduction of OpenSSL and how to use it with black track for local communication data encryption.
ContainerDays Boston 2016: "Hiding in Plain Sight: Managing Secrets in a Cont...DynamicInfraDays
Slides from Jeff Mitchell's talk "Hiding in Plain Sight: Managing Secrets in a Container Environment" at ContainerDays Boston 2016: http://dynamicinfradays.org/events/2016-boston/programme.html#secrets
Getting Started in Blockchain Security and Smart Contract AuditingBeau Bullock
Why is blockchain security important?
Blockchain usage has exploded since the Bitcoin whitepaper was first published in 2008. Many applications rely on this technology for increased trust and privacy, where they would otherwise be absent from a centralized system.
The ecosystem surrounding blockchain technology is large, complex, and has many moving pieces. Exchanges exist where users can transact various cryptocurrencies, NFTs, and tokens. Smart contracts can be written to programmatically apply behavior to blockchain transactions. Decentralized Finance (DeFi) markets exist where users can swap tokens without needing to sign up for an account.
All of these pieces are prone to vulnerabilities, and with blockchain being at the forefront of emerging technology new issues are being found daily.
In this Black Hills Information Security (BHIS) webcast, we'll use case studies about recent blockchain hacks to introduce the underlying issues that occur in writing/engineering smart contracts that have ultimately lead to the loss of millions of dollars to attackers.
Outsmarting Smart Contracts - an essential walkthrough a blockchain security ...SecuRing
The most common blockchain-based application is Bitcoin - cryptocurrency worth a couple of thousands $ per BTC. But Bitcoin is built on the Blockchain 1.0. The second generation of blockchain opened a much broader field of application and is described as mechanism allowing programmable transactions. Smart Contracts, as they are called, are scripts that are executed and stored in the blockchain...
If you do not have a proper key management process for changing the keys, then it’s better to have no encryption at all. A look inside Key Management Techniques.
in I.T field we need secure data communication and one of the most worldwide utility is OpenSSL . In our slide you will find basic introduction of OpenSSL and how to use it with black track for local communication data encryption.
ContainerDays Boston 2016: "Hiding in Plain Sight: Managing Secrets in a Cont...DynamicInfraDays
Slides from Jeff Mitchell's talk "Hiding in Plain Sight: Managing Secrets in a Container Environment" at ContainerDays Boston 2016: http://dynamicinfradays.org/events/2016-boston/programme.html#secrets
Authorization and Authentication in Microservice EnvironmentsLeanIX GmbH
Loggin in to a website seems easy. But what seems so simple, is only easy as long as the website is based on a monolith in the background. But what happens, if there are lots of microservices at work? How do the microservices know that the user is who he is and how can this be achieved efficiently? The use of JSON Web Tokens (JWT) can be a solution.
Presentation from the 2017 microXchg Conference in Berlin.
Certificate pinning in android applicationsArash Ramez
How to do cryptography right in android
Part #4 / How to mitigate MITM attacks in SSL/TLS channels using server certification validation
watch it on youtube:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLT2xIm2X7W7gZ0mtoAA8JrfFrvOKr1Qlp
Microservices Manchester: Authentication in Microservice Systems by David BorsosOpenCredo
When implementing applications using a microservice architecture, concerns of authenticating and authorising end-users or other services requires a different approach, especially when scalability and no single points of failure is in mind. I’d like to talk about some “lessons learned” in the past few years and show a few ideas how to deal with these concerns.
About David Borsos
David is a Senior Consultant for OpenCredo having joined the company as a consultant in 2013. David works on a number of technical engagements for OpenCredo and has a several years experience working in the financial industry, developing web-based enterprise applications, mostly of internally used tools that supported the maintenance and operations of a large IT infrastructure.
How to do Cryptography right in Android Part OneArash Ramez
Cryptography is an indispensable tool used to protect information in computing systems. It is used everywhere and by billions of people worldwide on a daily basis. It is used to protect data at rest and data in motion. While extremely useful, cryptography is also highly brittle. The most secure cryptographic system can be rendered completely insecure by a single specification or programming error.to argue that a cryptosystem is secure, we rely on mathematical modeling and proofs to show that a particular system satisfies the security properties attributed to it.
We often need to introduce certain plausible assumptions to push our security arguments through.
This presentation is about exactly that: constructing practical cryptosystems in android platform for which we can argue security under plausible assumptions.part one just covers fundamentals topics in cryptography world.
Youtube playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLT2xIm2X7W7gJgHWhKrIhS-L05xHVCPh2
gist:
https://gist.github.com/aramezx
muCon 2016: Authentication in Microservice Systems By David BorsosOpenCredo
Software security is hard. Software security in Microservice Systems is even harder. Microservice-style software architectures have steadily been gaining popularity in recent years. They offer many benefits over traditional monolithic software products, however they also introduce new challenges - one of these being security.
In recent years David has worked on this problem in several independent projects, and this talk will draw on his learnings within the topic of authenticating end-users. David will describe, compare and evaluate several authentication options from the perspective of how secure they are and how well they comply with the qualities of a well-designed microservice system. You will leave the talk with suggested evaluation criteria and guidance for implementation based on their use cases.
How to do right cryptography in android part 3 / Gated Authentication reviewedArash Ramez
Android Gated-Authentication Architecture and User Authentication using finger-print has been reviewed in this part.
youtube playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLT2xIm2X7W7jyqMXjSpNeRRzgoW_1iJg5
aparat:
https://www.aparat.com/v/LvVtZ
[CONFidence 2016] Marco Ortisi - Recover a RSA private key from a TLS session...PROIDEA
They always taught us that the only thing it can be pulled out from a SSL/TLS session using strong authentication and latest state-of-art (Perfect Forward Secrecy) ciphersuites is the public key of the certificate exchanged during the TLS handshake, an insufficient condition to place a MiTM attack without to generate alarms on the validity of the TLS connection and certificate itself. Anyway, this is not always true. In certain circumstances it is possible to derive the private key of server regardless the size of modulus used. Even RSA keys of 4096 bits can be factored at the cost of a few CPU cycles and
computational resources. All that needed is the generation of a faulty digital signature from server, an event that can be observed when occuring error conditions such as CPU overheating and/or hardware faults. Because of these premises devices like firewall, switch, router and other embedded appliances are more exposed than traditional IT servers or clients. During the talk, the author will explain the theory behind the attack, how common are the factors that make it possible, and his customized implementation of the technique. At the end a proof-of-concept able to work both in passive mode (i.e. only sniffing the network traffic) and in active mode (namely, partecipating directly in the establishment of TLS handshakes) will be released.
Carlos García - Pentesting Active Directory [rooted2018]RootedCON
Introducción a las pruebas de intrusión en entornos Microsoft Active Directory en forma de ponencia práctica para auditores o personas interesadas en el pentesting en entornos corporativos. Se dará una breve introducción al servicio de directorio Active Directory y sus componentes más críticos desde el punto de vista de la seguridad.Posteriormente, se explicarán las principales diferencias con respecto a un pentesting clásico de infraestructura, así como las técnicas y ataques más comunes para llevar a cabo el ejercicio y comprometer completamente el dominio corporativo.Requisitos: Se recomienda que los asistentes tengan conocimientos básicos de Active Directory y básicos/medios de pentesting o hacking ético, preferiblemente en infraestructuras y/o Sistemas Operativos.
Microservices Manchester: Security, Microservces and Vault by Nicki WattOpenCredo
In this talk, Nicki Watt will initially look to introduce and highlight some of the typical security challenges which engineers may encounter, and need to be aware of, when trying to develop and deploy a microservices-based architecture. The 2nd half of the talk tries to get a bit more practical, and through some examples, looks to demonstrate how a tool like Vault from HashiCorp can be used as part of your overall security toolkit to address some of these challenges.
This talk will not be delving into the depths of cryptography and algorithms, rather it is aimed at highlighting some typical problem areas, and giving practical insight into some of the options which can be used to address them.
About Nicki Watt
Nicki Watt is a Lead Consultant for OpenCredo having joined the company in 2011. Nicki is responsible for both hands on and overall leadership of engagements for OpenCredo. She has experience leading both development and architectural teams across a wide range of industries including enterprise organisations and start ups.
Jose Selvi - Side-Channels Uncovered [rootedvlc2018]RootedCON
En los últimos años, el término "side-channel" a pasado de ser un concepto únicamente conocido en el sector de hardware hacking a ser un término popular dentro de la industria debido a las vulnerabilidades que se han ido publicando. CRIME, BREACH o FIESTA son claros ejemplos de vulnerabilidades que explotan un side-channel en TLS. Más recientemente, también hemos visto vulnerabilidades empleando este mismo concepto en procesadores, como Spectre o Meltdown.
En esta charla, repasaremos el concepto de "side-channel" y haremos un repaso por las diferentes vulnerabilidades que se han ido publicando a lo largo de estos últimos años, explicando en que consisten y que limitaciones tienen.
Encryption Recap: A Refresher on Key Conceptsthomashtkim
Encryption Recap: A Refresher on Key Concepts
DO and DON'T for developers
A while ago, I had chance to collect information and share this PDF summarizing common encryption terminology within my teams. This covers algorithms, and best practices that many developers may find helpful as a refresher or intro. Let me know if any part needs further explanation.
Authorization and Authentication in Microservice EnvironmentsLeanIX GmbH
Loggin in to a website seems easy. But what seems so simple, is only easy as long as the website is based on a monolith in the background. But what happens, if there are lots of microservices at work? How do the microservices know that the user is who he is and how can this be achieved efficiently? The use of JSON Web Tokens (JWT) can be a solution.
Presentation from the 2017 microXchg Conference in Berlin.
Certificate pinning in android applicationsArash Ramez
How to do cryptography right in android
Part #4 / How to mitigate MITM attacks in SSL/TLS channels using server certification validation
watch it on youtube:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLT2xIm2X7W7gZ0mtoAA8JrfFrvOKr1Qlp
Microservices Manchester: Authentication in Microservice Systems by David BorsosOpenCredo
When implementing applications using a microservice architecture, concerns of authenticating and authorising end-users or other services requires a different approach, especially when scalability and no single points of failure is in mind. I’d like to talk about some “lessons learned” in the past few years and show a few ideas how to deal with these concerns.
About David Borsos
David is a Senior Consultant for OpenCredo having joined the company as a consultant in 2013. David works on a number of technical engagements for OpenCredo and has a several years experience working in the financial industry, developing web-based enterprise applications, mostly of internally used tools that supported the maintenance and operations of a large IT infrastructure.
How to do Cryptography right in Android Part OneArash Ramez
Cryptography is an indispensable tool used to protect information in computing systems. It is used everywhere and by billions of people worldwide on a daily basis. It is used to protect data at rest and data in motion. While extremely useful, cryptography is also highly brittle. The most secure cryptographic system can be rendered completely insecure by a single specification or programming error.to argue that a cryptosystem is secure, we rely on mathematical modeling and proofs to show that a particular system satisfies the security properties attributed to it.
We often need to introduce certain plausible assumptions to push our security arguments through.
This presentation is about exactly that: constructing practical cryptosystems in android platform for which we can argue security under plausible assumptions.part one just covers fundamentals topics in cryptography world.
Youtube playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLT2xIm2X7W7gJgHWhKrIhS-L05xHVCPh2
gist:
https://gist.github.com/aramezx
muCon 2016: Authentication in Microservice Systems By David BorsosOpenCredo
Software security is hard. Software security in Microservice Systems is even harder. Microservice-style software architectures have steadily been gaining popularity in recent years. They offer many benefits over traditional monolithic software products, however they also introduce new challenges - one of these being security.
In recent years David has worked on this problem in several independent projects, and this talk will draw on his learnings within the topic of authenticating end-users. David will describe, compare and evaluate several authentication options from the perspective of how secure they are and how well they comply with the qualities of a well-designed microservice system. You will leave the talk with suggested evaluation criteria and guidance for implementation based on their use cases.
How to do right cryptography in android part 3 / Gated Authentication reviewedArash Ramez
Android Gated-Authentication Architecture and User Authentication using finger-print has been reviewed in this part.
youtube playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLT2xIm2X7W7jyqMXjSpNeRRzgoW_1iJg5
aparat:
https://www.aparat.com/v/LvVtZ
[CONFidence 2016] Marco Ortisi - Recover a RSA private key from a TLS session...PROIDEA
They always taught us that the only thing it can be pulled out from a SSL/TLS session using strong authentication and latest state-of-art (Perfect Forward Secrecy) ciphersuites is the public key of the certificate exchanged during the TLS handshake, an insufficient condition to place a MiTM attack without to generate alarms on the validity of the TLS connection and certificate itself. Anyway, this is not always true. In certain circumstances it is possible to derive the private key of server regardless the size of modulus used. Even RSA keys of 4096 bits can be factored at the cost of a few CPU cycles and
computational resources. All that needed is the generation of a faulty digital signature from server, an event that can be observed when occuring error conditions such as CPU overheating and/or hardware faults. Because of these premises devices like firewall, switch, router and other embedded appliances are more exposed than traditional IT servers or clients. During the talk, the author will explain the theory behind the attack, how common are the factors that make it possible, and his customized implementation of the technique. At the end a proof-of-concept able to work both in passive mode (i.e. only sniffing the network traffic) and in active mode (namely, partecipating directly in the establishment of TLS handshakes) will be released.
Carlos García - Pentesting Active Directory [rooted2018]RootedCON
Introducción a las pruebas de intrusión en entornos Microsoft Active Directory en forma de ponencia práctica para auditores o personas interesadas en el pentesting en entornos corporativos. Se dará una breve introducción al servicio de directorio Active Directory y sus componentes más críticos desde el punto de vista de la seguridad.Posteriormente, se explicarán las principales diferencias con respecto a un pentesting clásico de infraestructura, así como las técnicas y ataques más comunes para llevar a cabo el ejercicio y comprometer completamente el dominio corporativo.Requisitos: Se recomienda que los asistentes tengan conocimientos básicos de Active Directory y básicos/medios de pentesting o hacking ético, preferiblemente en infraestructuras y/o Sistemas Operativos.
Microservices Manchester: Security, Microservces and Vault by Nicki WattOpenCredo
In this talk, Nicki Watt will initially look to introduce and highlight some of the typical security challenges which engineers may encounter, and need to be aware of, when trying to develop and deploy a microservices-based architecture. The 2nd half of the talk tries to get a bit more practical, and through some examples, looks to demonstrate how a tool like Vault from HashiCorp can be used as part of your overall security toolkit to address some of these challenges.
This talk will not be delving into the depths of cryptography and algorithms, rather it is aimed at highlighting some typical problem areas, and giving practical insight into some of the options which can be used to address them.
About Nicki Watt
Nicki Watt is a Lead Consultant for OpenCredo having joined the company in 2011. Nicki is responsible for both hands on and overall leadership of engagements for OpenCredo. She has experience leading both development and architectural teams across a wide range of industries including enterprise organisations and start ups.
Jose Selvi - Side-Channels Uncovered [rootedvlc2018]RootedCON
En los últimos años, el término "side-channel" a pasado de ser un concepto únicamente conocido en el sector de hardware hacking a ser un término popular dentro de la industria debido a las vulnerabilidades que se han ido publicando. CRIME, BREACH o FIESTA son claros ejemplos de vulnerabilidades que explotan un side-channel en TLS. Más recientemente, también hemos visto vulnerabilidades empleando este mismo concepto en procesadores, como Spectre o Meltdown.
En esta charla, repasaremos el concepto de "side-channel" y haremos un repaso por las diferentes vulnerabilidades que se han ido publicando a lo largo de estos últimos años, explicando en que consisten y que limitaciones tienen.
Encryption Recap: A Refresher on Key Conceptsthomashtkim
Encryption Recap: A Refresher on Key Concepts
DO and DON'T for developers
A while ago, I had chance to collect information and share this PDF summarizing common encryption terminology within my teams. This covers algorithms, and best practices that many developers may find helpful as a refresher or intro. Let me know if any part needs further explanation.
Cryptography is the art and science of securing communication and data by con...kalojo7178
Cryptography is the art and science of securing communication and data by converting plain text into unintelligible ciphertext. It's an essential aspect of cybersecurity and privacy, used in various fields such as finance, government, military, and everyday online communication.
At its core, cryptography relies on algorithms and mathematical principles to encrypt and decrypt data securely. There are two main types of cryptographic techniques: symmetric and asymmetric encryption.
1. **Symmetric Encryption**: In symmetric encryption, the same key is used for both encryption and decryption. It's faster and more efficient for large volumes of data. Algorithms like AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) are commonly used for symmetric encryption.
2. **Asymmetric Encryption**: Also known as public-key cryptography, asymmetric encryption uses a pair of keys - public and private. The public key is used for encryption, while the private key is used for decryption. RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) are popular asymmetric encryption algorithms.
Cryptography serves several crucial purposes:
- **Confidentiality**: It ensures that only authorized parties can access the information.
- **Integrity**: It verifies that the information has not been altered or tampered with during transmission.
- **Authentication**: It confirms the identity of the communicating parties.
- **Non-repudiation**: It prevents the sender from denying the authenticity of the message.
Cryptography also faces challenges, such as the rise of quantum computing which poses a threat to traditional cryptographic methods, prompting the development of quantum-resistant algorithms.
Overall, cryptography plays a vital role in protecting sensitive information in today's digital world, enabling secure communication and transactions over the internet.
Cryptography 101 for_java_developers, Fall 2019Michel Schudel
So you’re logging in to your favorite crypto currency exchange over https using a username and password, executing some transactions, and you’re not at all surprised that, security wise, everything’s hunky dory…
The amount of cryptography to make all this happen is staggering. In order to appreciate and understand what goes on under the hood, as a developer, it’s really important to dive into the key concepts of cryptography.
In this session, we discover what cryptography actually is, and will use the JCA (Java Cryptography API) en JCE (Java Cryptography Extensions) in the JDK to explain and demo key concepts such as:
– Message digests (hashing)
– Encryption, both symmetric and asymmetric
– Digital signatures, both symmetric and asymmetric
Furthermore, we’ll show how these concepts find their way into a variety of practical applications such as:
– https and certificates
– salted password checking
– block chain technology
After this session, you’ll have a better understanding of basic cryptography, its applications, and how to use the cryptography APIs in Java.
Encryption is a fundamental concept in cryptography that involves the process of converting plaintext (readable and understandable data) into ciphertext (encoded and unintelligible data) using a mathematical algorithm and an encryption key. The primary purpose of encryption is to ensure the confidentiality and privacy of sensitive information during transmission or storage.
In the encryption process:
1. **Plaintext:** This is the original, readable data that is to be protected. It could be a message, a file, or any form of digital information.
2. **Encryption Algorithm:** An encryption algorithm is a set of mathematical rules and procedures that transform the plaintext into ciphertext. Common encryption algorithms include Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), RSA, and Triple DES.
3. **Encryption Key:** The encryption key is a piece of information used by the encryption algorithm to perform the transformation. The key determines the specific pattern and method by which the plaintext is converted into ciphertext. The strength of the encryption often depends on the length and randomness of the key.
4. **Ciphertext:** This is the result of the encryption process—the transformed and encoded data that appears random and is indecipherable without the corresponding decryption key.
Encryption serves several important purposes in the field of cryptography:
- **Confidentiality:** The primary goal of encryption is to keep information confidential and secure from unauthorized access. Even if an unauthorized party intercepts the ciphertext, they should be unable to understand or decipher it without the correct decryption key.
- **Integrity:** Encryption helps ensure the integrity of data by providing a means to detect any unauthorized modifications. If the ciphertext is altered, the decryption process will produce incorrect results, alerting the recipient to potential tampering.
- **Authentication:** In some encryption scenarios, the use of digital signatures or authenticated encryption helps verify the origin and authenticity of the encrypted data.
- **Secure Communication:** Encryption is widely used to secure communication over networks, such as the internet. Protocols like HTTPS (HTTP Secure) use encryption to protect the confidentiality of data transmitted between a web browser and a web server.
- **Data-at-Rest Protection:** Encryption is applied to data stored on devices or servers, ensuring that even if physical access is gained, the data remains protected from unauthorized viewing.
In summary, encryption is a crucial tool in the field of cryptography, providing a means to safeguard the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of sensitive information in various digital environments.
Sensitive data is vulnerable when it is stored insecurely and transmitted over open networks. The PCI Security Council takes a hard line on protecting cardholder data and describes specific methods to comply with its standards.
Attend this webinar to better understand methods that make data theft more difficult for attackers and render stolen data unusable.
Topics covered include:
• Properly protecting stored cardholder data - encryption, hashing, masking and truncation
• Securing data during transmission - using strong cipher suites, valid certificates, and strong TLS security
• How to identify and mitigate missing encryption
Security is always a top-of-mind issue for WLAN deployments, no matter what business you're in. But it’s an issue that's loaded with acronyms, confusing terminology, and some degree of black-art mystique. This session starts with basic principles of cryptography and gives you a thorough understanding of how Wi-Fi authentication and encryption work to keep your network safe. You’ll also learn about 802.1X authentication, tradeoffs of different EAP methods, why proper client configuration is so important, and why Aruba believes that role-based access control is critical in a modern mobile network.
SafeNet Enterprise Key and Crypto ManagementSectricity
With SafeNet, organizations can centrally, efficiently, and securely manage cryptographic keys and policies—across the key management lifecycle and throughout the enterprise. SafeNet's data center protection solutions are designed to secure all of the sensitive information that is stored in and accessed from enterprise data centers, including patient records, credit card information, social security numbers, and more.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Preparing Non - Technical Founders for Engaging a Tech AgencyISH Technologies
Preparing non-technical founders before engaging a tech agency is crucial for the success of their projects. It starts with clearly defining their vision and goals, conducting thorough market research, and gaining a basic understanding of relevant technologies. Setting realistic expectations and preparing a detailed project brief are essential steps. Founders should select a tech agency with a proven track record and establish clear communication channels. Additionally, addressing legal and contractual considerations and planning for post-launch support are vital to ensure a smooth and successful collaboration. This preparation empowers non-technical founders to effectively communicate their needs and work seamlessly with their chosen tech agency.Visit our site to get more details about this. Contact us today www.ishtechnologies.com.au
DDS Security Version 1.2 was adopted in 2024. This revision strengthens support for long runnings systems adding new cryptographic algorithms, certificate revocation, and hardness against DoS attacks.
SOCRadar's Aviation Industry Q1 Incident Report is out now!
The aviation industry has always been a prime target for cybercriminals due to its critical infrastructure and high stakes. In the first quarter of 2024, the sector faced an alarming surge in cybersecurity threats, revealing its vulnerabilities and the relentless sophistication of cyber attackers.
SOCRadar’s Aviation Industry, Quarterly Incident Report, provides an in-depth analysis of these threats, detected and examined through our extensive monitoring of hacker forums, Telegram channels, and dark web platforms.
Software Engineering, Software Consulting, Tech Lead, Spring Boot, Spring Cloud, Spring Core, Spring JDBC, Spring Transaction, Spring MVC, OpenShift Cloud Platform, Kafka, REST, SOAP, LLD & HLD.
What is Augmented Reality Image Trackingpavan998932
Augmented Reality (AR) Image Tracking is a technology that enables AR applications to recognize and track images in the real world, overlaying digital content onto them. This enhances the user's interaction with their environment by providing additional information and interactive elements directly tied to physical images.
Utilocate offers a comprehensive solution for locate ticket management by automating and streamlining the entire process. By integrating with Geospatial Information Systems (GIS), it provides accurate mapping and visualization of utility locations, enhancing decision-making and reducing the risk of errors. The system's advanced data analytics tools help identify trends, predict potential issues, and optimize resource allocation, making the locate ticket management process smarter and more efficient. Additionally, automated ticket management ensures consistency and reduces human error, while real-time notifications keep all relevant personnel informed and ready to respond promptly.
The system's ability to streamline workflows and automate ticket routing significantly reduces the time taken to process each ticket, making the process faster and more efficient. Mobile access allows field technicians to update ticket information on the go, ensuring that the latest information is always available and accelerating the locate process. Overall, Utilocate not only enhances the efficiency and accuracy of locate ticket management but also improves safety by minimizing the risk of utility damage through precise and timely locates.
AI Pilot Review: The World’s First Virtual Assistant Marketing SuiteGoogle
AI Pilot Review: The World’s First Virtual Assistant Marketing Suite
👉👉 Click Here To Get More Info 👇👇
https://sumonreview.com/ai-pilot-review/
AI Pilot Review: Key Features
✅Deploy AI expert bots in Any Niche With Just A Click
✅With one keyword, generate complete funnels, websites, landing pages, and more.
✅More than 85 AI features are included in the AI pilot.
✅No setup or configuration; use your voice (like Siri) to do whatever you want.
✅You Can Use AI Pilot To Create your version of AI Pilot And Charge People For It…
✅ZERO Manual Work With AI Pilot. Never write, Design, Or Code Again.
✅ZERO Limits On Features Or Usages
✅Use Our AI-powered Traffic To Get Hundreds Of Customers
✅No Complicated Setup: Get Up And Running In 2 Minutes
✅99.99% Up-Time Guaranteed
✅30 Days Money-Back Guarantee
✅ZERO Upfront Cost
See My Other Reviews Article:
(1) TubeTrivia AI Review: https://sumonreview.com/tubetrivia-ai-review
(2) SocioWave Review: https://sumonreview.com/sociowave-review
(3) AI Partner & Profit Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-partner-profit-review
(4) AI Ebook Suite Review: https://sumonreview.com/ai-ebook-suite-review
Atelier - Innover avec l’IA Générative et les graphes de connaissancesNeo4j
Atelier - Innover avec l’IA Générative et les graphes de connaissances
Allez au-delà du battage médiatique autour de l’IA et découvrez des techniques pratiques pour utiliser l’IA de manière responsable à travers les données de votre organisation. Explorez comment utiliser les graphes de connaissances pour augmenter la précision, la transparence et la capacité d’explication dans les systèmes d’IA générative. Vous partirez avec une expérience pratique combinant les relations entre les données et les LLM pour apporter du contexte spécifique à votre domaine et améliorer votre raisonnement.
Amenez votre ordinateur portable et nous vous guiderons sur la mise en place de votre propre pile d’IA générative, en vous fournissant des exemples pratiques et codés pour démarrer en quelques minutes.
When deliberating between CodeIgniter vs CakePHP for web development, consider their respective strengths and your project requirements. CodeIgniter, known for its simplicity and speed, offers a lightweight framework ideal for rapid development of small to medium-sized projects. It's praised for its straightforward configuration and extensive documentation, making it beginner-friendly. Conversely, CakePHP provides a more structured approach with built-in features like scaffolding, authentication, and ORM. It suits larger projects requiring robust security and scalability. Ultimately, the choice hinges on your project's scale, complexity, and your team's familiarity with the frameworks.
Enterprise Resource Planning System includes various modules that reduce any business's workload. Additionally, it organizes the workflows, which drives towards enhancing productivity. Here are a detailed explanation of the ERP modules. Going through the points will help you understand how the software is changing the work dynamics.
To know more details here: https://blogs.nyggs.com/nyggs/enterprise-resource-planning-erp-system-modules/
GraphSummit Paris - The art of the possible with Graph TechnologyNeo4j
Sudhir Hasbe, Chief Product Officer, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Neo4j - Product Vision and Knowledge Graphs - GraphSummit ParisNeo4j
Dr. Jesús Barrasa, Head of Solutions Architecture for EMEA, Neo4j
Découvrez les dernières innovations de Neo4j, et notamment les dernières intégrations cloud et les améliorations produits qui font de Neo4j un choix essentiel pour les développeurs qui créent des applications avec des données interconnectées et de l’IA générative.
Mobile App Development Company In Noida | Drona InfotechDrona Infotech
Looking for a reliable mobile app development company in Noida? Look no further than Drona Infotech. We specialize in creating customized apps for your business needs.
Visit Us For : https://www.dronainfotech.com/mobile-application-development/
Artificia Intellicence and XPath Extension FunctionsOctavian Nadolu
The purpose of this presentation is to provide an overview of how you can use AI from XSLT, XQuery, Schematron, or XML Refactoring operations, the potential benefits of using AI, and some of the challenges we face.
Zoom is a comprehensive platform designed to connect individuals and teams efficiently. With its user-friendly interface and powerful features, Zoom has become a go-to solution for virtual communication and collaboration. It offers a range of tools, including virtual meetings, team chat, VoIP phone systems, online whiteboards, and AI companions, to streamline workflows and enhance productivity.
A Study of Variable-Role-based Feature Enrichment in Neural Models of CodeAftab Hussain
Understanding variable roles in code has been found to be helpful by students
in learning programming -- could variable roles help deep neural models in
performing coding tasks? We do an exploratory study.
- These are slides of the talk given at InteNSE'23: The 1st International Workshop on Interpretability and Robustness in Neural Software Engineering, co-located with the 45th International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2023, Melbourne Australia
3. Motivation
• Data Security is vital
• Reputation and Trust + Business competitiveness
• Data Security ≠ App Security !
• Should App breach necessarily cause Data breach ?
• Data may be handled independently of App as well
• Cloud Computing broadens the Data Security puzzle
• Necessitates clearer appreciation and use of applied Crypto
• What Data Security assurances am I getting from the CSP ?
• Am I using the CSP’s service options most effectively and in an
up-to-date manner ?
• I am a CSP myself, and I am using other CSPs …
• … But I need to answer my customers on the end-to-end picture
Verisign Public 3
4. Agenda
• Basic Cryptographic Concepts and Applications
• 1-way hashes and digests
• Secure Credential Storage
• Symmetric Key Cryptography
• Data Confidentiality – in storage and in transit
• Asymmetric/Public Key Cryptography
• Authentication and Secure Communications
• Data Security Considerations for the Cloud
• Recent Trends in Cloud Data Security
• HSMs for Safe Key Storage
• Encryption Gateways into the Cloud
Verisign Public 4
6. Basic Conceptual Terms
• Security Goals
• Authentication, Confidentiality, Non Repudiation, Integrity
• Deals with making communications and storage secure
• Encryption/Decryption
• Encryption: clear-text message to cipher-text
• Decryption: cipher-text back to clear-text
• Types of encryption algorithms
• Symmetric Key
• Asymmetric Key
Verisign Public 6
7. Cryptographic Hashes: Overview
• Infeasible to reverse
• Variable-length input string
converted into a short fixed-length
binary sequence
• Efficient - easy to compute
• Infeasible to craft collisions
• Small change in input changes
the hash significantly
Clear Text
hello, world
MD5 Digest
e4d7f1b4ed2e42d1589
8f4b27b019da4
this is clear text
that anybody can
read easily
without key used
for encryption
128 bit
58dbbd848ced7f0f68e
280f0de8be1a8
this is a really
really long text
that we need to
digest, so that we
can verify the
integrity of this
data; and verify
that bad guys
don't temper with
this data. We are
sending millions
of dollars in cash
through this data
transmission.
128 bit
d4b2c6283175852673
5a357831e8f15b
hash
hash
hash
128 bit
Note: MD5 is not
considered secure today.
Only for illustration.
Verisign Public 7
8. Cryptographic Hashes: Security Goal
Cryptographic
Primitives =>
Security Goals
Hash MAC
HMAC
Symmetric
Key
Crypto
Asymmetric
Key
Crypto
Digital
Signature
Digital
Certificates
Data Integrity
Data Authentication
Non-Repudiation
Confidentiality
Trust
Verisign Public 8
9. Cryptographic Hashes: Uses
• Used for storage of credentials like
passwords
• 1-way encryption
• Not feasible to compute password from
the hash
• Not feasible to compute other
passwords producing same hash
• Also used in
• Digital Signatures, Digital Certificates
• Non-Crypto Hash:
• File integrity checks, Network Protocols
clear text
hash function
hashed
5f4dcc3b5aa765d61d832
7deb882cf99
Verisign Public 9
10. Cryptographic Hashes: Details
• Algorithms
• MD5 (128 bits), SHA-1(160 bits), SHA-256 (256 bits), SHA-512
(512 bits)
Attack Mitigation
• Pre-computed dictionary
attacks/ Rainbow attacks
• Hash Collision
• Use random salts
• Use stronger versions e.g.
SHA-256 upwards
• 2-Factor authentication
Verisign Public 10
12. HMAC: Overview
• Keyed Hash
• Hash created using the
message and the secret key
• Secret key is factored in when
creating the hash
• Described in RFC 2104
• Algorithms
• HMAC/SHA-1
• HMAC/SHA-256
Clear Text
hello, world
HMAC Function
HMAC Tag
Shared Key
secret_key
e4d7f1b4ed2e42d1589
8f4b27b019da4
Verisign Public 12
13. HMAC: Security Goal
Cryptographic
Primitives =>
Security Goals
Hash
Salted
Hash
MAC
HMAC
Symmetric
Key Crypto
Asymmetric
Key
Crypto
Digital
Signature
Digital
Certificates
Data Integrity
Data Authentication
Non-Repudiation
Confidentiality
Trust
Verisign Public 13
14. Symmetric Crypto: Overview
Secret Key
Cleartext Ciphertext Cleartext
Encryption
Decryption
• Same key is used for encryption and decryption
• Parties need a mechanism to exchange the shared
key securely
• Key must be secret and safely stored
Verisign Public 14
15. Symmetric Crypto: Security Goal
Cryptographic
Primitives =>
Security Goals
Hash
Salted
Hash
MAC
HMAC
Symmetric
Key
Crypto
Asymmetric
Key
Crypto
Digital
Signature
Digital
Certificates
Data Integrity
Data Authentication
Non-Repudiation
Confidentiality
Trust
Verisign Public 15
16. Symmetric Crypto: Uses
• Vital for secure storage and secure transmission
• Prevents attackers from being able to make sense of disk data or
network packets accessed illegitimately
• Symmetric key ciphers are efficient
• Relatively inexpensive to produce a strong key
• Smaller keys for the same level of protection
• Comparatively inexpensive encryption/decryption
Verisign Public 16
19. Asymmetric Crypto: Overview
Public Key Private Key
Cleartext Ciphertext Cleartext
Encryption Decryption
• Public Key is well-known and published to all
• Private Key is secret and must be stored safely by owner
• Encrypt with one Key, Decrypt with another Key
• Infeasible to compute Private Key from Public Key
Verisign Public 19
20. Asymmetric Crypto: Security Goal
Cryptographic
Primitives =>
Security Goals
Hash
Salted
Hash
MAC
HMAC
Symmetric
Key
Crypto
Asymmetric
Key
Crypto
Digital
Signature
Digital
Certificates
Data Integrity
Data Authentication
Non-Repudiation
Confidentiality *
Trust
* Public key can be used to encrypt data that can only be decrypted using Private key
Verisign Public 20
21. Comparing Crypto Strengths
• Smaller Keys are more
efficient
• Faster generation
• Faster encrypt/decrypt
• Smaller encrypted output
• Longer keys have higher
crypto strength
• For same algorithm
• Symmetric Keys are
smaller for same crypto
strength
Verisign Public 21
22. Asymmetric Crypto: Overview
• Key generation, encryption/decryption are expensive
compared to symmetric keys
• Used to encrypt small amounts of data, mostly for authentication
• Rarely used for encryption of regular data which is voluminous
• Private key must be securely stored similar to symmetric
keys
Verisign Public 22
23. Asymmetric Crypto: Uses
• Secure Communications
• Data origin authentication
• No interception/diversion aka Man-in-the-middle
• Symmetric Key exchange during session establishment
• SSL, PGP, SSH
• Mechanisms
• Digital Signatures
• Digital Certificates
Verisign Public 23
25. Digital Signatures: Overview
Transmitting Host
hashed
5f4dcc3b5aa765d61
d8327deb882cf99
encrypted
private key
n3eJrIzB3UvIbh01z61
bEPFDpbZXyzvLORB
C5spQLI8=
Receiving Host
hashed
5f4dcc3b5aa765d61
d8327deb882cf99
==
5f4dcc3b5aa765d61
d8327deb882cf99
decrypted
public key
n3eJrIzB3UvIbh01z61
bEPFDpbZXyzvLORB
C5spQLI8=
clear text data
Insecure Channel
encrypted hash
• Builds on Hashing and Asymmetric Crypto
• Actual data remains in cleartext but signature is attached
• Data origin authentication, Data integrity assurance
Verisign Public 25
26. Digital Signatures: Security Goal
Cryptographic
Primitives =>
Security Goals
Hash
Salted
Hash
MAC
HMAC
Symmetric
Key
Crypto
Asymmetric
Key
Crypto
Digital
Signature
Digital
Certificates
Data Integrity
Data Authentication
Non-Repudiation
Confidentiality *
Trust
* Public key can be used to encrypt data that can only be decrypted using Private key
Verisign Public 26
27. Digital Signatures: Details
• Algorithms
• RSA/SHA-x, DSA, ECDSA (Elliptic Curve)
• Applications
• PGP Signed Email, SSL Certificate Signatures, DNSSEC
Attack Mitigation
• Signature forgery by exploiting
weak hash functions
• Private key compromise
• Strong hashes and strong
encryption
• Secure private key storage
Verisign Public 27
28. Digital Certificates: Signatures + Chain of Trust
• Builds on Digital Signatures and PKI
• Certificate is a "Digitally Signed Public Key"
• Chain of Trust with Certificate Authorities
• DNSSEC also has Chain of Trust but no certs
Verisign Public 28
29. Digital Certificates: Details
• Certificate is public and valid for a
time interval (typically years)
• Certifies that Public Key identifies
Subject
• DNS hostname, Email address etc.
• Affixed with CA signature
• Verifier configures Trust Anchor
• a node in the Chain of Trust
• root always trusted
• Root CA is ultimate authority
• Self-signed certificate trusted by clients
Digital Certificate
• Version
• Serial Number
• Signature Algorithm
• Issuer Name
• Validity
• Not Before Date
• Not After Date
• Subject Name
• Subject Public Key
• Algorithm
• Key
• Extensions
• Signature
Verisign Public 29
30. Digital Certificates: Security Goal
Cryptographic
Primitives =>
Security Goals
Hash
Salted
Hash
MAC
HMAC
Symmetric
Key
Crypto
Asymmetric
Key
Crypto
Digital
Signature
Digital
Certificates
Data Integrity
Data Authentication
Non-Repudiation
Confidentiality *
Trust
* Public key can be used to encrypt data that can only be decrypted using Private key
Verisign Public 30
31. Digital Certificates: Details
Attack Mitigation
• Private key compromise
(anywhere in Trust Chain)
• Fraudulent yet
cryptographically valid certs,
typically via hash collisions
• Use reputed CAs
• Strong encryption and hash
functions
• Secure Key Storage
• Certificate Revocation
Verisign Public 31
33. Cloud Data Security: Context
• Data Security is crucial for Enterprises
• Data Protection is vital for Reputation
• Concerns on Data Security are a deterrent to broader
adoption of Cloud Computing
• Data moves out of Enterprise boundaries
• Trust on Cloud providers
• Shared infrastructure
• Yet benefits of Cloud Computing are compelling
• Need for comprehensive and non-intrusive data security
Verisign Public 33
34. Top Cloud Data Security Issues: Gartner
• Breach notification and data residency
• Data management at rest
• Data protection in motion
• Encryption key management
• Access controls
• Long-term resiliency of the encryption system
Verisign Public 34
35. Cloud Data Security: Who is responsible ?
“Encryption of sensitive data is generally a good security practice,
and AWS encourages you to encrypt your sensitive data via an
algorithm consistent with your applicable security policy.”
– Amazon Web Services: Overview of Security Processes
• Who is responsible for the overall security ?
• Different levels of providers
• Shared infrastructure can make extent of breach higher
• APIs allow many admin functions to be carried out
• Malicious entities can look for weaknesses in the API
• Can gain broad access to shared infrastructure
Verisign Public 35
36. Cloud Data Security: Encryption Layers
• Different Layers of Encryption
• Block Storage / Disks
• Filesystems
• Databases
• Applications
Applications
Databases
Filesystems
Disks
• Higher-level encryption can protect better but is harder
• Key question: Who has the key(s) ?
• They have access
• Disks encrypted by provider
• Provider can see disk content
• Filesystems encrypted by provider
• Provider can see file content
• … and so on
Verisign Public 36
37. Cloud Data Security: Broad Concerns
• Is server based encryption sufficient ?
• Encryption Gateways on the client/enterprise side
• How secure are the encryption keys ?
• Stored in the Cloud - Secured VM, HSM
• Stored by Client/enterprise (Encryption Gateways)
Verisign Public 37
38. 1-way Hashes: Upshot for Cloud
• If your cloud provider is able to send you your password
for Forgot Password, …
• Apps hosted by you on provider’s infra should use 1-
way hashes with salt for storing passwords in the
database
Verisign Public 38
39. Symmetric Crypto: Upshot for Cloud
• Secure way to store uploaded data, sensitive personal
information in databases, VM images, emails etc.
• Cloud service provider
• What is encrypted and using what mechanism?
• How and where are secret keys stored ? Are they rotated ?
• Is there a way that only I can use the secret key without the
provider having access to it ?
• Apps provided by you
• Are you encrypting sensitive data stored in databases, Text
Search indexes etc.
• How secure is your secret key ?
Verisign Public 39
40. Asymmetric Crypto: Upshot for Cloud
• Cloud Service Provider
• Are they using valid non-expired SSL certificates and strong
encryption ?
• Server certs and client certs (if applicable)
• Are their domains DNSSEC enabled ?
• Protection against DNS Cache Poisoning Attacks
• Do they renew certificates and roll over DNSSEC keys ?
• Apps provided by you
• Is HTTPS used for all confidential exchanges ?
• Are signed emails used especially for input emails that trigger
workflow actions ?
• Is certificate-based client authentication implemented properly ?
Verisign Public 40
42. Hardware Security Modules
• Secure and tamper-resistant storage for high-value keys
• Traditionally used for CAs, DNSSEC signers
• Now being considered for more uses in the Cloud
• Very difficult to access/steal keys from the device
• Various FIPS levels
• May Respond to tamper attempts
• Highly secure ones can self-destruct keys
• Often JCE KeyStore provider is supplied by vendor
• Can use JCE KeyStore abstraction directly from Java apps
• If not, need to use a JCE PKCS#11 Provider
• Uses JNI to invoke the native PKCS#11 API libraries
Verisign Public 42
43. Hardware Security Modules
• Key stays within the HSM
• Cryptographic operations
occur within the hardware
• signing
• encryption/decryption
• Cryptographic black box
• input data goes in
• cryptographically
transformed data comes out
Storage
Creation
Destruction
Usage Distribution
Verisign Public 43
44. Cloud Encryption Gateways
SaaS
PaaS
IaaS
Encryption
Gateway
SaaS forms
PaaS API
Cloud DB
JDBC
• Intercept and transform sensitive data before it goes out
• Replace it with a random token or strongly encrypted value
• Must be of same size and type, else things will break
• Do reverse operation for data coming back into premises
• Real-time crypto operation on every request/response
Verisign Public 44
45. Cloud Encryption Gateways
• Enterprise owns encryption key or token vault
• Data stored in Cloud provider’s datastores is mangled
• Data stores include databases, Text Search indexes
• Sensitive data not compromised
• Field-based operation
• Can specify the sensitive fields
• Only those will be transformed
• Cloud platform aware
• Gateway needs to do transformations specific to the SaaS, PaaS
involved in the interaction
• Not platform-agnostic
Verisign Public 45
46. Cloud Encryption Gateways – Format Preservation
• Format preserving encryption
• Usually encryption produces longer ciphertext than plain-text
• logical data type may change too
• e.g. 1234567812345670 (16 digit number) ->
lqRcvPnCqUJc3p4nSUjLZw==, (24 char base64 encoded string)
• Size and datatype mismatch in transformation will break things
• Database column type and length
• Application data types and length
• Ciphertext is in same format (type and length) as input plaintext
• Input: 10 digit numeric id, Output: a different 10 digit numeric id
• Input: 30 character address, Output: 30 character mangled string
Verisign Public 46
47. Cloud Encryption Gateways – Function Preservation
• Function preserving encryption
• Just format preservation may not be sufficient
• What about
• Wildcard matches
• Sort orders
• Need encryption/tokenization that is order-preserving
• More generally function-preserving
• Solutions implementing such encryption are now available
• Possibility of reduced encryption strength
• Not yet clear if strength is within acceptable limits
Verisign Public 47
48. Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Active research area
• Servers process data without decrypting and return (still-encrypted)
results
• Encryption + decryption only at client end
• only client has keys
• Data is stored in encrypted form as sent by client
• No encryption or decryption done by server
• Server operates in ciphertext space itself
• Server does not see any plaintext query or plaintext results
• General operations are theoretically possible
• Currently not practically efficient
• But major breakthroughs in the last few years
Verisign Public 48
49. Conventional vs Fully Homomorphic Encryption
Server
Processing Logic
Decrypt Encrypt
Encrypt Decrypt
Client
Server
Processing Logic
Encrypt Decrypt
Client
Verisign Public 49
50. Conclusion
• Many pieces to the Cloud Data Security puzzle
• Innovative solutions are emerging based on well-proven
(and also a few not-so-well-proven !) building
blocks
• Comprehensive approaches involving all parties are
the need
• News of breaches causes discomfort
• It may take a while before comfort levels are reached
Verisign Public 50
51. References
• NIST Special Publication 800-57 Recommendation for
KeyManagement – Part 1: General (Revision 3)
• MD5 considered harmful today: Creating a Rogue CA
Certificate
• Six security issues to tackle before encrypting cloud data
http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240180087/Six-security-
issues-to-tackle-before-encrypting-cloud-data
Verisign Public 51