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The document discusses different types of spillways used in dam construction including: - Main spillways and emergency spillways which provide controlled water release - Ogee spillways with an S-shaped crest and straight head spillways for lower dams - Side channel spillways which divert water away from the main dam and chute spillways which lower water levels gradually - Tunnel spillways which pipe water through the dam and siphon spillways like saddle styles that use suction to discharge water downstream.
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Spillways
The document discusses different types of spillways used in dam construction including:
- Main and emergency spillways which provide controlled water release from dams.
- Straight (free overfall) spillways where water freely drops over the crest edge.
- Ogee spillways with an S-shaped crest profile that are commonly used in rigid dams.
- Side channel spillways which divert water away from the main dam through an adjacent channel.
- Chute spillways which lower water levels through steeply inclined channels.
- Tunnel spillways which pass water through underground tunnels.
- Siphon spillways which use siphonic action through enclosed conduits to discharge water downstream.
Unit 3 spillway
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Design principles of Ogee spillways ,Spillway gates. Energy
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USBR and Indian types of Stilling Basins.
Spillway gates
Spillway crest gates are adjustable gates used to control water flow in reservoir and river systems. They act as barriers to store additional water, allowing the height of dams to be increased and requiring more land acquisition. The main types of spillway gates are dripping shutters, stop logs, radial/tainter gates, drum gates, and vertical lift/rectangle gates. Vertical lift gates are rectangular gates that spin horizontally between grooved piers and can be raised or lowered by a hoisting mechanism to control water flow.
Types of spillways
Spillways are structures constructed near dams to safely discharge surplus water from reservoirs. There are several types of spillways classified by their utility and prominent features. Main spillways are designed to pass the entire design flood volume, while auxiliary spillways supplement the main spillway. Emergency spillways activate only during emergencies. Common spillway types include overflow, which guides water smoothly over a curved crest; side channel, which diverts flow through a parallel channel; and tunnel, which conveys flow through a closed channel around the dam. Shaft spillways similarly direct water vertically then horizontally through a tunnel.
TYPES OF SPILLWAYS & PROMINENT FEATURES
There are several types of spillways used in dam construction based on their prominent features. The most common types include overflow spillways, which guide water smoothly over an arched crest; side channel spillways, where flow passes over a weir and into a parallel channel; open channel spillways used when there is no space for others; tunnel spillways, where flow is conveyed around the dam within an enclosed channel; and shaft spillways, with a vertical drop shaft connecting an overflow weir to a downstream tunnel. Spillways provide a safe path to release excess reservoir water and prevent dam overtopping and failure.
Spillways
Spillways are structures constructed to provide safe release of flood waters from a dam to a downstream are, normally the river on which the dam has been constructed.
Spillways and Diversion Headwork's
This document provides an overview of different types of spillways and diversion headworks. It discusses the key requirements and functions of spillways, as well as the various types including straight drop, overflow, chute, side channel, shaft, and siphon spillways. Specific details are given on design principles for ogee spillways and energy dissipation methods. The document also covers spillway gates such as dripping shutters, stop logs, radial/tainter gates, drum gates, and vertical lift gates.
Spillways
The document discusses different types of spillways used at dam sites. Spillways are structures constructed to discharge water from upstream to downstream of a dam and act as a safety valve. There are several types of spillways including straight drop spillways, overflow spillways, chute spillways, side channel spillways, shaft spillways, and syphon spillways. Shaft spillways discharge excess water through a shaft near the dam crest when other spillway types cannot be constructed due to space limitations. Syphon spillways use a siphon pipe installed within the dam body to discharge water when the water level rises above the normal pool level.
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Spillways
The document discusses different types of spillways used in dam construction including:
- Main and emergency spillways which provide controlled water release from dams.
- Straight (free overfall) spillways where water freely drops over the crest edge.
- Ogee spillways with an S-shaped crest profile that are commonly used in rigid dams.
- Side channel spillways which divert water away from the main dam through an adjacent channel.
- Chute spillways which lower water levels through steeply inclined channels.
- Tunnel spillways which pass water through underground tunnels.
- Siphon spillways which use siphonic action through enclosed conduits to discharge water downstream.
Unit 3 spillway
spillway,types of spillways,
Design principles of Ogee spillways ,Spillway gates. Energy
Dissipaters and Stilling Basins Significance of Jump Height Curve and Tail Water Rating
Curve,
USBR and Indian types of Stilling Basins.
Spillway gates
Spillway crest gates are adjustable gates used to control water flow in reservoir and river systems. They act as barriers to store additional water, allowing the height of dams to be increased and requiring more land acquisition. The main types of spillway gates are dripping shutters, stop logs, radial/tainter gates, drum gates, and vertical lift/rectangle gates. Vertical lift gates are rectangular gates that spin horizontally between grooved piers and can be raised or lowered by a hoisting mechanism to control water flow.
Types of spillways
Spillways are structures constructed near dams to safely discharge surplus water from reservoirs. There are several types of spillways classified by their utility and prominent features. Main spillways are designed to pass the entire design flood volume, while auxiliary spillways supplement the main spillway. Emergency spillways activate only during emergencies. Common spillway types include overflow, which guides water smoothly over a curved crest; side channel, which diverts flow through a parallel channel; and tunnel, which conveys flow through a closed channel around the dam. Shaft spillways similarly direct water vertically then horizontally through a tunnel.
TYPES OF SPILLWAYS & PROMINENT FEATURES
There are several types of spillways used in dam construction based on their prominent features. The most common types include overflow spillways, which guide water smoothly over an arched crest; side channel spillways, where flow passes over a weir and into a parallel channel; open channel spillways used when there is no space for others; tunnel spillways, where flow is conveyed around the dam within an enclosed channel; and shaft spillways, with a vertical drop shaft connecting an overflow weir to a downstream tunnel. Spillways provide a safe path to release excess reservoir water and prevent dam overtopping and failure.
Spillways
Spillways are structures constructed to provide safe release of flood waters from a dam to a downstream are, normally the river on which the dam has been constructed.
Spillways and Diversion Headwork's
This document provides an overview of different types of spillways and diversion headworks. It discusses the key requirements and functions of spillways, as well as the various types including straight drop, overflow, chute, side channel, shaft, and siphon spillways. Specific details are given on design principles for ogee spillways and energy dissipation methods. The document also covers spillway gates such as dripping shutters, stop logs, radial/tainter gates, drum gates, and vertical lift gates.
Spillways
The document discusses different types of spillways used at dam sites. Spillways are structures constructed to discharge water from upstream to downstream of a dam and act as a safety valve. There are several types of spillways including straight drop spillways, overflow spillways, chute spillways, side channel spillways, shaft spillways, and syphon spillways. Shaft spillways discharge excess water through a shaft near the dam crest when other spillway types cannot be constructed due to space limitations. Syphon spillways use a siphon pipe installed within the dam body to discharge water when the water level rises above the normal pool level.
Spillways
Spillways are structures used to release water from reservoirs to prevent overflow of dams. There are two main types of spillways: controlled and uncontrolled. Controlled spillways have gates to regulate water flow, while uncontrolled spillways release water once the reservoir level rises above the spillway crest. Spillways can also be classified based on their shape, such as ogee, side channel, labyrinth, chute, conduit, and baffled chute spillways. Each type has distinct hydraulic characteristics that make it suitable for different dam designs and site conditions.
Spillway
This presentation discusses different types of spillways used in dam structures. Spillways are needed to safely discharge water from the reservoir during floods to prevent overtopping of the dam. The main types discussed are chute, shaft, saddle, and side channel spillways. Chute spillways convey water down an excavated open channel with a steep slope. Shaft spillways allow water to pass through a vertical shaft and horizontal conduit below the dam. Saddle spillways use natural depressions as spillway routes. Side channel spillways route flood water parallel to the dam.
Report of Project spillways (1)
This document is a project report submitted by five students from Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The project involved designing spillways to specifications for a rectangular flume. The report includes an introduction to spillways and the different types of spillways. It also provides a literature review on topics related to spillway design such as hydrological considerations, stepped spillways, and ogee spillway design. Tables listing major dams in India and their spillway types are also included.
Cross Drainage Works
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Lecture 1 free overfall and ogee
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Sluice gates
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This presentation provides an overview of repairs being conducted on the Pandoh spillway in Himachal Pradesh. Some key points:
- The spillway experiences significant damage every monsoon season from debris carried by flood waters. Approximately 30,000 square feet is damaged annually.
- A temporary barrier wall is constructed to separate the spillway into sections so repair work can be conducted safely in phases while continuing to release water.
- The damaged areas are assessed and prepared for repair work by cleaning surfaces and reinforcing any exposed rebar.
- Repairs use epoxy mortar and concrete matching the original specifications. Deeper damage over 2 inches is repaired with concrete.
- Over 30 years,
Canals
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SPILLWAYS
This document discusses different types of spillways used in dam construction. It introduces spillways as structures built over dams to safely discharge excess water from reservoirs. The main types discussed are free overfall, ogee, side channel, and chute spillways. Free overfall spillways have a vertical drop, while ogee spillways guide water smoothly over a curved crest. Side channel spillways carry flow away parallel to the crest through a separate channel. Chute spillways pass water down a steep open sloped channel placed along the dam.
Spillways
A spillway is a structure built at a dam to divert excess water from the reservoir. There are several types of spillways classified based on their arrangement and design, including straight drop, ogee, shaft, chute, side channel, siphon, and labyrinth spillways. Each type has a distinct design and mechanism to safely pass excess water from the reservoir to downstream.
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Spillways
Spillways are structures used to release water from reservoirs to prevent overflow of dams. There are two main types of spillways: controlled and uncontrolled. Controlled spillways have gates to regulate water flow, while uncontrolled spillways release water once the reservoir level rises above the spillway crest. Spillways can also be classified based on their shape, such as ogee, side channel, labyrinth, chute, conduit, and baffled chute spillways. Each type has distinct hydraulic characteristics that make it suitable for different dam designs and site conditions.
Spillway
This presentation discusses different types of spillways used in dam structures. Spillways are needed to safely discharge water from the reservoir during floods to prevent overtopping of the dam. The main types discussed are chute, shaft, saddle, and side channel spillways. Chute spillways convey water down an excavated open channel with a steep slope. Shaft spillways allow water to pass through a vertical shaft and horizontal conduit below the dam. Saddle spillways use natural depressions as spillway routes. Side channel spillways route flood water parallel to the dam.
Report of Project spillways (1)
This document is a project report submitted by five students from Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. The project involved designing spillways to specifications for a rectangular flume. The report includes an introduction to spillways and the different types of spillways. It also provides a literature review on topics related to spillway design such as hydrological considerations, stepped spillways, and ogee spillway design. Tables listing major dams in India and their spillway types are also included.
Cross Drainage Works
Cross drainage works are structures constructed where canals cross natural drainages like rivers or streams. There are several types of cross drainage works depending on the relative bed levels of the canal and drainage. The document discusses determining the maximum flood discharge of a drainage using various empirical formulas and methods. It also covers topics like fluming of canals, which involves contracting the canal width to reduce the size of cross drainage structures.
Lecture 1 free overfall and ogee
This chapter is based on the book Hydraulics of Spillways and Energy Dissipators By Rajnikant M. Khatsuria, This lecture slide describes the design of Overflow and Ogee spilways for Masters Students in Hydraulic Engineering
Sluice gates
A sluice is a water channel that is controlled at its head by a gate (from the dutch word “sluis” ). For example, a millrace is a sluice that channels water towards a water mill. The terms “sluice gate” , "knife gate", and "slide gate" are used interchangeably in the water/wastewater control industry.
Design of Hydraulic Structures
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Introduction
Component Parts
Weir vs Barrage
Modes of Failure
Design Aspects
Design of vertical drop weir
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This document discusses canal regulation and the components of a permanent canal system. It describes the main canal, branch canals, distributaries, and water courses that make up the system. It then explains the functions of different types of canal regulators like head regulators, cross regulators, and silt control devices. Regulators are structures that regulate water flow, volume, and prevent silt buildup in canals. Their proper design and placement is important for the efficient and safe operation of irrigation canals.
design of hydraulic controls and structures
This document discusses the design of hydraulic controls and structures, focusing on culvert design. It defines a culvert as a conduit under an embankment for surface water drainage, while a bridge carries a pathway over water. Key considerations for culvert design include hydraulic performance, safety, construction/maintenance costs, and environmental impacts. The document describes six types of flow that can occur in culverts depending on flow rates and water levels. Hydraulic analysis is used to determine a suitable culvert size that satisfies the design discharge, length, permissible headwater depth and outlet velocity. Software tools can assist with culvert sizing calculations.
REPAIR OF THE SPILLWAY AT PANDOH DAM
This presentation provides an overview of repairs being conducted on the Pandoh spillway in Himachal Pradesh. Some key points:
- The spillway experiences significant damage every monsoon season from debris carried by flood waters. Approximately 30,000 square feet is damaged annually.
- A temporary barrier wall is constructed to separate the spillway into sections so repair work can be conducted safely in phases while continuing to release water.
- The damaged areas are assessed and prepared for repair work by cleaning surfaces and reinforcing any exposed rebar.
- Repairs use epoxy mortar and concrete matching the original specifications. Deeper damage over 2 inches is repaired with concrete.
- Over 30 years,
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Canals provide advantages like irrigation, economic development, and drought prevention, but also have disadvantages. Water pollution in local canals is a problem, caused by fertilizer runoff and other sources. Remedial measures include awareness campaigns, reducing pesticide and fertilizer use, proper waste disposal, and planting trees near water bodies.
Collection and Conveyance of Water
The document provides information on different types of intake structures used for collecting surface water. It discusses wet and dry intake towers, as well as submerged and exposed intakes. Trash racks are described as screens used to prevent debris from entering intake structures. Twin well river intake structures are also summarized, which typically include an inlet well, intake pipe, and jack well to lift water from the river to the treatment plant.
Canals
Canals are classified into different types based on factors which are as follows :
Based on the nature of the supply source
Based on functions
Based on the type of boundary surface soil
Based on the financial output
Based on discharge
Based on canal alignment
Drains and sewer
This document provides an overview of drains, sewers, and related infrastructure. It discusses surface drains, classifications of drains, types of sewers including main trunk sewers, branch sewers, and lateral sewers. It also covers sewer sections, materials, joints, appurtenances like manholes, and best practices for laying and testing sewer lines. The key topics covered include the purpose and design of different drain and sewer components as well as construction and maintenance considerations.
hydro power energy water conveyance system
The document discusses various components of water conveyance systems for hydropower projects. It begins by defining an open channel as a conduit that transports water with a free surface. It then describes different types of open channels based on shape, natural vs artificial classification, changes in cross-section and slope, and boundary characteristics. The document also discusses intake structures, including their components, functions, types and locations. It concludes by briefly describing pressure flow systems such as tunnels, penstocks, surge tanks and their purposes in hydropower projects.
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This document discusses various water supply appurtenances including valves, meters, hydrants and pipes. It notes that valves are used to control water flow, regulate pressure, and prevent backflow. Common valve types include sluice valves, check valves, air relief valves, drain valves, and ball valves. Water meters measure water usage to determine billing. Other appurtenances include fire hydrants, storage tanks, bib cocks, and stop cocks which control water distribution and access. The document provides details on the purpose and function of several key water supply system components.
Intake works at diversion
This document discusses the components and functions of intake structures at hydroelectric power plants. It begins by defining an intake as a structure that diverts water into a conduit leading to the power plant. The key components of intakes discussed include intake gates, trash racks and screens, fish ladders, ice and log booms, silt excluders and ejectors, smolt screens, under sluices, and divide walls. Intake gates such as vertical-lift and radial gates are used to control water flow. Trash racks and screens exclude debris while fish ladders allow fish to pass. Booms prevent ice and debris from blocking the intake. Silt excluders and ejectors remove silt from the
Intake structures
This document discusses different types of intake structures used to withdraw water from sources for treatment. It describes intake structures as structures constructed at the entrance of withdrawal pipes to safely withdraw water from sources while protecting the pipes from debris. The main types discussed are submerged intakes, intake towers, structures for medium rivers, canal intakes, and intakes for dam sluice ways. Key factors in selecting intake locations like access, water quality, and flooding are also outlined.
Turbines
The document describes two types of turbines: the Pelton turbine and the Francis turbine. The Pelton turbine uses jets of water to turn buckets on a wheel, with main parts including a spear nozzle, runner, brake nozzle, casing, and governing mechanism. The Francis turbine is an inward-flow reaction turbine developed by James B. Francis, where water enters the runner from the outer edge and exits through the center, with main parts being a penstock, scroll casing, speed ring, guide vanes, runner blades, and draft tube.
Water Appurtenances
This presentation gives a brief about the different types of water appurtances that are currently being used in the market.
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This document discusses different types of spillways used in dam construction. It introduces spillways as structures built over dams to safely discharge excess water from reservoirs. The main types discussed are free overfall, ogee, side channel, and chute spillways. Free overfall spillways have a vertical drop, while ogee spillways guide water smoothly over a curved crest. Side channel spillways carry flow away parallel to the crest through a separate channel. Chute spillways pass water down a steep open sloped channel placed along the dam.
Spillways
A spillway is a structure built at a dam to divert excess water from the reservoir. There are several types of spillways classified based on their arrangement and design, including straight drop, ogee, shaft, chute, side channel, siphon, and labyrinth spillways. Each type has a distinct design and mechanism to safely pass excess water from the reservoir to downstream.
Spillways
Spillways are structures used to release surplus flood waters from a reservoir in a controlled manner. The main types of spillways include ogee or overflow spillways, chute spillways, morning glory spillways, and siphon spillways. To determine spillway capacity, engineers study past flood data and rainfall records to calculate the maximum probable flood, then add a margin of safety like 25%. This establishes the required discharge capacity. Energy dissipators like stilling basins are also important to safely discharge flood waters downstream.
Spillway
Spillways are structures used to safely discharge water from a reservoir during periods of high inflow or flooding. They are designed to maintain structural stability of the dam and pass excess water without raising the reservoir level above its maximum. Different types of spillways include overflow, chute, shaft, saddle and side channel spillways. Energy dissipation methods are also important to safely convey water discharged from spillways downstream.
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This document discusses spillways and energy dissipators for dams. It defines spillways as structures used to safely release surplus water from reservoirs. The main types of spillways are main, auxiliary, and emergency spillways. Spillways can also be classified based on their prominent features, such as free overflow, overflow, side channel, open channel, tunnel, shaft, and siphon spillways. Energy dissipators, such as stilling basins and bucket types, are also discussed to reduce the energy of water flowing from spillways. Common energy dissipator types include horizontal and sloping apron stilling basins, and solid roller, slotted roller, and ski jump bucket dissipators.
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unit-3.pdf
1. A spillway is a structure constructed near a dam to safely discharge surplus water from the reservoir. Spillways are designed to have sufficient capacity, be structurally sound, and safely discharge water downstream.
2. Ogee spillways are commonly used as they guide water smoothly over the crest, maintaining contact between the water and spillway surface. The downstream profile of an ogee spillway is designed using equations that consider the design head and constants related to the upstream face inclination.
3. The upstream profile of an ogee spillway has a crest with zero slope to ensure continuous flow. Design aims to avoid profiles that are too sharp or broad, which can cause pressure changes and inefficient discharge
SPILLWAYS.pdf
Spillways are structures built to safely discharge water from reservoirs when inflow exceeds capacity. There are several types of spillways classified by purpose, control method, and design features. Ogee spillways are commonly used as they efficiently guide water over the crest with minimum turbulence. Proper sizing is critical using hydrologic studies. Gates can control flow and include flashboards, radial gates, and vertical lift gates. Energy dissipation downstream is also important spillway design consideration.
Spillways, Spillway capacity, flood routing through spillways, different type...
The document discusses spillways, which are structures used to safely discharge water from reservoirs when the water level rises too high. Spillways typically have several key components, including an approach channel, control structure, discharge carrier, discharge channel, and energy dissipators. The control structure regulates water flow and prevents discharge below a fixed level. Energy dissipators, like bucket or baffle types, reduce the water's velocity and kinetic energy before it reaches downstream areas. Spillways must provide stability, safely pass flood waters, operate efficiently, and do so economically.
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This document discusses various types of canal regulation works including canal falls, escapes, regulators, and outlets. It describes the necessity and types of canal falls, which are constructed when the natural ground slope is steeper than the designed canal bed slope. The types of falls discussed include ogee falls, stepped falls, vertical falls, rapid falls, straight glacis falls, trapezoidal notch falls, well or cylinder notch falls, Montague type falls, and Inglis or baffle falls. The document also discusses canal escapes, head regulators, cross regulators, silt control devices, and canal outlets/modules. In particular, it explains the functions and construction of head regulators and cross regulators.
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This document discusses spillways, which are structures built into dams or near reservoirs to safely release water during periods of high inflow. It describes different types of spillways like overfall, chute, shaft, and side channel spillways. Requirements for spillways include providing stability to the dam, passing designed flood levels without raising reservoir levels, and being efficient and economical. The document discusses advantages like stability but also disadvantages like higher costs compared to some alternatives. In conclusion, spillways are critical flood control structures that serve as a "safety valve" to prevent overtopping of dams.
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1. The document discusses different types of spillways used in dam design, including ogee, chute, side channel, tunnel, shaft, and siphon spillways. It describes the key components and operating principles of each type.
2. Ogee spillways are the most commonly used and involve guiding water smoothly over a curved crest to glide over the downstream face without breaking contact. Chute spillways use an open channel to convey overflow water downstream. Shaft spillways involve water entering and dropping through a vertical or sloping shaft.
3. Factors in selecting a spillway type include site conditions, whether separate space is available, and capacity requirements. The location of a spillway depends
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This document provides information on various canal structures, including regulation works like canal falls, head regulators, cross regulators, canal escapes and outlets. It describes the purpose and design of a canal fall, including the different types of falls. It also discusses canal escapes, their purposes as safety valves and types including surplus escapes, tail escapes and scouring escapes. Finally, it summarizes the purpose and typical construction of head regulators and cross regulators.
MODULE 4 REGULATING AND CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS.pptx
Canal regulation works include structures used to regulate flow in canals such as canal falls, regulators, escapes, outlets, and flumes. Canal falls are used when the natural ground slope is steeper than the canal design slope. They lower the canal bed level in steps to maintain the design slope. Common types of canal falls include ogee falls, stepped falls, and vertical falls. Canal regulators are used to control flow in main canals and distributaries. Cross regulators are located downstream of off-takes to control flow to off-taking canals. Canal escapes remove surplus water from canals. Cross-drainage works are structures built where canals cross natural drainages to allow separate flow of canal and drainage waters
4. Spillways.ppt
This document discusses different types of spillways used in dam engineering projects. It describes spillways as important structures that allow for the controlled or uncontrolled release of excess water to ensure dam safety. The key types of spillways mentioned include overflow, side channel, shaft, siphon, chute, and emergency spillways. For each type, the document provides details on how they function and the types of dams they are best suited for. Maintaining adequate spillway capacity and proper location are emphasized as critical factors for dam safety.
Spillways
Topics:
1. Types of Spillways
2. Design Principles of Ogee Spillway
3. Spillway Gates
4. Energy Dissipaters
5. Significance of Jump Height Curve & Tail Water Curve
6. Stilling Basins
Spillways2000 101110063804-phpapp02 - copy
There are two main types of spillways: controlled and uncontrolled. Controlled spillways have gates to regulate water flow, while uncontrolled spillways release water once it reaches the spillway crest without gates. Spillways are further classified by their shape, including straight drop, side channel, ogee, labyrinth, chute, conduit/tunnel, and baffled chute spillways. Each type has distinct characteristics regarding how it structures and releases water from a reservoir.
Canal Regulation Works
Canal Regulation Works:
Canal Fall- Necessity and Location- Types of Falls- Cross Regulator and Distributory Head Regulator- Their Functions, Silt Control Devices, Canal Escapes- Types of Escapes.
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Spillways, Spillway capacity, flood routing through spillways, different type...
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4 Spillway, Sluices and crest gates and how to construct it
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Design of-steel-structures bhavakkati- by easy engineering.net
The document contains repeated text blocks noting that content was downloaded from www.EasyEngineering.net. It requests that other websites or blogs do not copy or republish the materials and to report any instances of finding the same materials with the EasyEngineering watermark. The document provides attribution to EasyEngineering.net as the source but does not contain any other substantive content.
Sr bolted and welded conviction
The document outlines the key terms of a lease agreement between John Doe as the landlord and Jane Smith as the tenant. It specifies the monthly rent amount and due date, the security deposit required, allows for pets but prohibits smoking, and describes the process for repairs, entry by the landlord, and early termination of the lease. The landlord and tenant must both sign the agreement prior to the tenant moving into the rental property.
Iii design-of-steel-structures-unit-1
This document provides information about structural steel materials and specifications used in steel structures. It discusses different grades of structural steel like IS 226, IS 2062, and IS 961. It also describes common rolled steel sections like I-sections, channel sections, angle sections, and their designations. Key concepts covered are materials properties, stress-strain curves, working stress method, limit state design method, analysis and design of steel structures. The document is intended as a reference for the design of steel structures course.
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This document discusses tension members in structural engineering. It defines tension members as linear members that experience axial forces that elongate or stretch the member. Examples given include ropes, ties in trusses, suspenders in bridges. The document discusses the types of cross-sections used for tension members like angles, channels, rods. It also discusses the calculation of net effective sectional area and provides examples. Other topics covered include types of failures in tension members, design strength calculations, limiting slenderness ratios, tension splices, and lug angles.
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This document contains a question bank for the subject of Design of Steel Structures. It includes multiple choice and numerical questions covering various topics in steel design such as bolted and welded connections, tension members, riveted joints, and limit state design approach. Some sample 16-mark design questions are provided related to designing tension members using angles, plates, and bolted/riveted connections to gusset plates to transmit axial forces. The document is intended as a study guide for students in the third year of a Civil Engineering program.
Ce6603 design of steel structures qb
This document contains a question bank for a steel structures design course. It includes 20 questions in Part A testing basic knowledge of steel structures terminology and concepts. Part B contains 14 design problems testing application and evaluation skills. Topics covered include riveted and bolted connections, tension members, compression members, beams, plate girders, roof trusses, and crane girders. Students are asked to calculate strengths, suitable dimensions, and designs meeting loading criteria. Design factors like load magnitudes, member lengths, connection materials, and support conditions are provided.
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The document contains 43 pages of lecture notes from Srividya College of Engineering and Technology on the design of steel structures. The notes cover various topics related to the design of tension members, compression members, and beams under the bending, shear, and axial forces. Design examples are included for the analysis and design of different steel structural elements.
29 30-31-spillway gatespp20121003
1. The document discusses best practices for analyzing risks related to dam and levee spillway gates.
2. It describes different types of spillway gates and their vulnerabilities, including issues that led to the 1995 failure of Gate 3 at Folsom Dam in California due to trunnion pin friction.
3. Key factors that influence spillway gate risk are discussed, such as reservoir water level, seismic hazard, gate size, maintenance practices, and the potential for multiple gate failures. Event tree and fragility curve methods are presented for evaluating failure probabilities under different loading conditions.
9fc1684e e872-4d1a-b54e-254f07c47009-150123191452-conversion-gate02
This document discusses the analysis of safety and stability for concrete gravity dams. It begins with an outline of the topics to be covered in Lecture 5, including a summary of loading cases, design of concrete gravity dams, safety analysis, and stability analysis. The document then provides detailed descriptions and diagrams for each of the 8 loading cases to be considered in the safety and stability analysis. It discusses the design of gravity dams and the procedures for analysis. Key aspects of the safety and stability analysis are described, including checking for overturning, sliding, shear stresses, and overstressing of the concrete. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the concepts of checking for overturning, sliding, and factors of safety.
4 spillways
Spillways are designed to safely pass excess water from a reservoir to prevent overtopping of a dam. They come in many forms depending on site conditions but commonly include an overflow structure like an ogee crest to control reservoir levels. Proper spillway capacity is essential for dam safety as inadequate capacity contributes to 40% of dam failures. Spillway design considers hydrologic factors, hydraulic performance including discharge coefficients, and structural aspects like cost-effectiveness. Gates may be added to overflows to allow flexible reservoir operation while preventing overtopping during floods.
Wreii unitv-170917082636
The document provides information on diversion headworks for water resources engineering projects. It discusses the different types of diversion headworks including storage and temporary diversion structures. Key components of diversion headworks are described such as weirs, barrages, divide walls, fish ladders, and canal head regulators. Factors for selecting sites for diversion structures are outlined. Causes of failures for weirs built on permeable foundations and remedies are summarized.
Unit 4-canal
1) Canals are artificial channels constructed to carry water from a source like a river or reservoir to agricultural fields.
2) Canals are classified based on their water source (permanent or inundation), function (irrigation, navigation, power), alignment (watershed, contour, side slope), discharge (main, branch, distributary), and whether they have lining.
3) The cross-section of a canal includes components like side slopes, berms, freeboard, banks, and may involve partial cutting and filling to achieve a balancing depth.
Unit 4-canal lining
Canal lining involves adding an impermeable layer to canal beds and banks to reduce water seepage losses. Common lining materials include compacted earth, concrete, and plastic membranes. Lining can conserve up to 50% of irrigation water by preventing seepage and allowing canals to maintain higher water velocities using smaller cross-sections. It also stabilizes canal banks, prevents erosion, and increases the command area by allowing flatter canal slopes. Hard linings include cast concrete while earth linings use compacted soil or soil-bentonite mixes. Buried plastic membranes are another option but are susceptible to damage.
Types of forces
A gravity dam resists external forces through its own weight. It is a solid, durable structure constructed of masonry or concrete. Forces acting on a gravity dam include water pressure, the weight of the dam, uplift pressure, silt pressure, wave pressure, ice pressure, and pressure from earthquake forces. Water pressure is the major external force and varies with depth, while the weight of the dam is the main resisting force.
Types of earth dams
This document discusses different types of earth and rockfill dams. It describes rolled fill dams which are constructed by compacting soil in thin layers. Homogeneous dams consist of a single material throughout while zoned dams have distinct core, shell, and filter zones. Diaphragm dams contain an impervious core like a thin wall. Key elements of earth dam design include the top width, freeboard, slopes, central core, and downstream drainage system.
Sprinkler irrigation
This document discusses different types of subsurface irrigation methods, including natural and artificial subsurface irrigation. Natural subsurface irrigation involves using the natural water table to irrigate crops through capillary action, while artificial subsurface irrigation uses buried perforated pipes to maintain the water table below the soil surface. The document also discusses sprinkler irrigation systems, how they work, their advantages of uniform water distribution and adaptability, and disadvantages like high costs and interference from wind. Finally, it defines and discusses drip irrigation, how it efficiently applies water directly to plant roots, and its advantages like water and fertilizer efficiency as well as disadvantages like sensitivity to clogging.
Retaing wall
This document discusses the design principles for retaining walls. It describes:
1) Different categories of retaining structures based on height, including curbs under 0.6m, short walls up to 3m using reinforcement, and taller walls requiring bracing.
2) Design considerations for stability of soils, the wall itself, structural strength, and effects on adjacent structures.
3) Basic loading factors including earth pressures, water pressures, and surcharges from loads or traffic.
4) Considerations for soil properties, selection of backfill material, and effects of groundwater.
New
The document describes four main methods of irrigation: surface irrigation, subsurface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip or trickle irrigation. Surface irrigation involves applying water to the soil surface through methods like flooding, furrows, borders, or basins. Subsurface irrigation applies water underground through trenches or pipes. Sprinkler irrigation sprays water into the air through nozzles, simulating rainfall. Drip irrigation delivers water slowly to the soil through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters. Each method has advantages and suitability for different crop and soil conditions.
Modes of failure
There are four main modes of failure for dams:
1. Overturning about the toe if the resultant force passes outside of the toe. A safety factor of at least 1.5 against overturning is required.
2. Shear failure or sliding at the base if the horizontal force exceeds the frictional resistance, with a coefficient of static friction of 0.65 to 0.75 typically used.
3. Crushing or compression failure if compressive stresses exceed allowable stresses and damage the dam material.
4. Tension cracking if tensile stresses are developed since masonry and concrete cannot withstand sustained tensile stresses.
Modes of failure earth dams
There are three main modes of failure for earthen dams: hydraulic failure (40%), seepage failure (30%), and structural failure (30%). Hydraulic failures are caused by overtopping, erosion of the downstream toe, or erosion of the upstream or downstream face. Seepage failures occur through concentrated seepage paths that erode soil and cause piping. Structural failures happen due to shear slides in the embankment or foundation, or issues with construction and maintenance such as overly steep slopes. Earthquakes can also induce failures through cracking, overtopping, settlement, shear slides, or liquefaction.
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...
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Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.在线办理(GU毕业证书)美国贡萨加大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
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如果您处于以下几种情况：
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◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Data preparation error
- 2. SPILLWAY • A spillway is a structure used to provide for the controlled release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically being the river that was dammed. • To prevent overtopping and possible failure of the dam. 2
- 3. Spillway
- 4. Essential requirements of spillway
- 6. Spillway
- 7. Types of spillways • Main spillway • Subsidiary or emergency spillway
- 8. Components of spillway • Straight head spillway • Ogee spillway • Side channel spillway • Chute spillway • Tunnel spillway • Siphon spillway
- 9. 9 Free overfall or straight drop spillway •In this type, water drops freely from the crest. •Occasionally the crest is extended in the form of overhanging lip to direct small discharges away from the face of overfall section.
- 10. Straight head spillway 1. It should be consists of lower height. 2. Narrow crested weir at the downstream side. 3. The overflow of water pass though free nappe or crest weir 4. It should be consists of lower dams and rock fill and earthen dams 5. It is not suitable for weak type of foundations
- 14. Ogee or overflow spillway •The Ogee spillway is generally provided in rigid dams and forms a part of the main dam itself if sufficient length is available. •The overflow type spillway has a crest shaped in the form of an ogee or S-shape. •The upper curve at the crest may be made either larger or sharper than the nappe.
- 15. Ogee spillway
- 17. Ogee spillway
- 19. Ogee spillway
- 24. Steeped spillway
- 29. Chute spillway •chute spillways are used in flow ways where water is to be lowered from one level to another and where it is desirable to avoid a stilling basin. •These are mostly used with earth dams and have the following merit. It can be provided on any type of foundations. Simplicity of design. However this type of spillway should not be provided where too many bends are to be given as per topography. Baffle apron or chute spillway
- 30. Chute spillway
- 31. Chute spillway
- 32. Chute spillway
- 35. Tunnel spillway
- 36. Tunnel spillway
- 41. Siphon spillways • Instead of allowing water to spill over the crest of a dam the surplus water may be discharged d/s through siphon spillways consisting of one or more units. Types of siphon spillways 1. Saddle siphon spillway 2. Volute siphon spillway
- 42. Saddle spillways •A siphon spillway is a closed conduit system formed in the shape of an inverted U. •This type of siphon is also called a Saddle siphon spillway. •Siphonic action takes place after the air in the bend over the crest has been exhausted. 42