Dairy value chains in Pakistan: Stakeholders’ involvement and constraints analysis
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Presented by Abedullah A., Mtimet N., Mustafa Z., Ahmad A., Teufel N. and Ibrahim M.N.M. at the International Conference of Agricultural Economists (ICAE), Milan, Italy, 9-14 August 2015
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Dairy value chains in Pakistan: Stakeholders’ involvement and constraints analysis
- 1. Dairy value chains in Pakistan: Stakeholders’ involvement and constraints analysis Abedullah A., Mtimet N., Mustafa Z., Ahmad A., Teufel N. and Ibrahim M.N.M. International Conference of Agricultural Economist (ICAE) Milan, Italy, 9-14 August 2015
- 2. Outline • Objective of the project • Data Collection • Factors affecting livestock production • Availability of different types of feed • Constraints faced by dairy farmers • Results of scientific based intervention • Conclusions 2Abedullah
- 3. Objective of AIP-ILRI project in Pakistan Increase profitability of livestock farmers through intervention and capacity building of NARS 3Abedullah
- 4. Rapid Assessment • Multistage sampling technique • Divisions, districts, tehsils based on highest livestock • 6 Villages and 12 Focus Group Discussions • 1 male and 1 female FGD in each village • Sample comprises 159 male and 135 female farmers • Results based on pool data of FGDs 4Abedullah
- 5. Tools used in FGDs • General livelihood questionnaire with farmer • Feed assessment with farmers • Breed assessment with farmer • Participatory epidemiology with farmer to prioritise animal diseases • Value chain mapping tool with farmer • Value chain mapping tool with input suppliers • Value chain mapping tool with traders/retailers • Consumer tool to identify their problems Abedullah 5Abedullah
- 6. Factors affecting livestock production Livestock Production Feed and Fodder Animal HealthManagement 6Abedullah
- 7. Farmer’s distribution by water provision 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 2 3 Ad libtum Farmer’sdistribution(percent) Frequency of water provision 28/3R 67/4R Ahata Mukhiaan Noor Sar Cheila 166-JB 7Abedullah
- 8. Availability of green fodder round the year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Likertscale Availability of green fodder 8Abedullah
- 9. Availability of crop residues round the year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Likertscale 9Abedullah Availability of crop residues
- 10. Availability of concentrates round the year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Likertscale 10Abedullah Availability of concentrates
- 11. Constraints due to poor management • Limited provision of drinking water (only twice a day) • Lack of awareness about balanced diet • Extreme shortage of green forage during April to June • Lack of information about feed for fattening • Selection of quality semen for high milk production • Unavailability of qualified doctors and AI services 11Abedullah
- 12. Feed and fodder constraints • Adulteration and high prices of concentrate feed • Absence of law to ensure high quality concentrate feed • No labeling of ingredients on concentrate feed bags • Fodder can’t compete with cash crops, making fodder crop uneconomical • High transportation cost make fodder and feed unavailable to animals 12Abedullah
- 13. Epidemiological constraints • Foot & mouth disease, HS, worms, Black quarters, and Mastitis • Poor sewerage system is the major source of lice • Lack of veterinary services at reasonable distance • Lack of quality vaccines and medicines • Lack of govt. veterinary hospitals 13Abedullah
- 14. Results of Scientific based Interventions 0.5 0.8 1.3 - 0.5 1.0 1.5 Free access to water Adlib water and feed adlib water and balanced Diet INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION - BUFFALO 0.3 0.7 1.2 - 0.5 1.0 1.5 Free Access to water Adlib water and feed Adlib water and balanced diet INCREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION - CATTLE Increase per animal (L/day) From 5 million cows in milk (million L/day) Increase in revenue at province level (million Rs./day) Adlib water 0.250 1.25 50 (US$0.48) Adlib water and feed 0.700 3.5 140 (US$1.36) Adlib water and balanced feed 1.2 6.0 240 (US$2.34) 14Abedullah
- 15. Conclusions • Rapid assessment helps to quickly identify problems of different stake holder’s of value chain • It is useful to introduce effective intervention to improve the efficiency of value chain- leading towards higher income of farmers 15Abedullah
- 16. The presentation has a Creative Commons license. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI. better lives through livestock ilri.org
Editor's Notes
- Over the years, the livestock sector has emerged as a leading sub-sector of the agriculture sector in Pakistan. It contributed over 11.8 per cent to the GDP during 2013-14 which is more than the aggregated contribution of entire crop sector (10.3 per cent) of the country. Livestock production is one of the major activities as about 30-35 million people of rural areas are engaged in raising livestock and deriving 30-40 per cent of their incomes. Besides its importance and share in the national economy, the history of livestock raising is embedded in the rural life since inception of our civilization. It is still a sign of prestige for the people associated with agriculture sector. It is an integral part of socio-economic activities of the rural areas and plays a very supportive role in mitigating the effects of poverty by providing essential items of daily use.
- The lowest number, 0 indicates that no green fodder is available, 1-3 stands for extremely short, 4-5 indicates that fodder is just adequate and as we move above 5 it reflects fodder is more than needed. The highest number 9-10 stands for surplus of green fodder. It is observed from the farmers’ response that major feeds include, crop residues (wheat and rice straw, maize, sorghum stover, etc.), green forage (grass, weeds, fodder crops) and concentrates (compounded feeds, feed ingredients e.g. brans, grains, oilseed cakes, etc.) in all six villages.
- Shortage of green forage during April to June is mainly because of information gap about the availability of good quality fodder seed
- Farmers believe that there is adulteration in concentrate feed inspite of high prices and moreover different concentrate feed supplier are not mentioning ingredients which make it difficult for them to make a right choice.
- To-date no death is observed due to FMD and PPR as compared to last year where 20-30 % deaths were recorded in the project sites. Seed of Rhod grass, mod grass and stay ever green is distributed to 5 to 8 farmers