The document outlines an effective herd health plan for dairy cattle. It emphasizes preventing health problems through practices like vaccination programs, parasite control, mastitis prevention, and keeping accurate records. When problems do occur, prompt treatment and culling chronic cases can help control diseases. The plan aims to produce high quality milk while avoiding drug residues through responsible treatment practices.
This manual is a brief guide to preventing, diagnosing and controlling poultry diseases. All major poultry diseases are discussed in detail. The description of each disease includes information about its cause, the susceptibility of poultry species, ways the disease is transmitted, clinical signs and lesions, how the disease is diagnosed, and ways to treat it. There are colour photos to aid in disease identification. There is additional information on the nature and cause of disease and on sanitation practices, and a glossary of common terms. The book is fully indexed so that diseases can be found by both their formal and common names
Factors influencing the nutrient requirements in poultrySunil Yadav
This Presentation will help you to understand the various factors that are responsible for the nutrient requirement of poultry. While formulating feed for any classes of poultry we should consider all these factors for a better outcome from the bird.
Dr. J. Tyler Holck - Herd Health Management Solutions: The Future is NowJohn Blue
Herd Health Management Solutions: The Future is Now - Dr. J. Tyler Holck, 2016 American Association of Swine Veterinarians Annual Meeting, February 27 - March 1, 2016, New Orleans, LA, USA.
More American Association of Swine Veterinarians presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/aasv2016
This manual is a brief guide to preventing, diagnosing and controlling poultry diseases. All major poultry diseases are discussed in detail. The description of each disease includes information about its cause, the susceptibility of poultry species, ways the disease is transmitted, clinical signs and lesions, how the disease is diagnosed, and ways to treat it. There are colour photos to aid in disease identification. There is additional information on the nature and cause of disease and on sanitation practices, and a glossary of common terms. The book is fully indexed so that diseases can be found by both their formal and common names
Factors influencing the nutrient requirements in poultrySunil Yadav
This Presentation will help you to understand the various factors that are responsible for the nutrient requirement of poultry. While formulating feed for any classes of poultry we should consider all these factors for a better outcome from the bird.
Dr. J. Tyler Holck - Herd Health Management Solutions: The Future is NowJohn Blue
Herd Health Management Solutions: The Future is Now - Dr. J. Tyler Holck, 2016 American Association of Swine Veterinarians Annual Meeting, February 27 - March 1, 2016, New Orleans, LA, USA.
More American Association of Swine Veterinarians presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/aasv2016
Dr. Bob James presented this material in a DAIReXNET webinar on April 21, 2015. Please visit http://www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars for more information on the webinar.
This information was presented for DAIReXNET and released as a webinar on June 20th, 2016. In this webinar, Dr. Nickerson discusses the prevalence and treatment of mastitis in bred heifers, as well as several strategies for prevention. Learn about using teat seals, controlling horn fly populations, vaccinations, and feed additives that might help reduce the incidence of new infections.
A Review of PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY FOR REPRODU...Dr. Ishwor Dhakal
It is a review of PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY FOR REPRODUCTIVE MANAGEMENT OF CATTLE AND BUFFALOS. This slides were presented in Clinical conference at IAAS/TU Rampur Campus Chitwan, Nepal.
Presentation given at the 2011 Lambing & Kidding School in Wye Mills, MD, by Susan Schoenian, University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
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5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
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The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
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effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
2. Subject to the same diseases and parasites as beef cattle
However, dairy cattle do have some health considerations
that need to be emphasized
3.
4.
5. Needs to be developed for maintaining the health of the
dairy herd
Effective plans put emphasis on the prevention of problems
Vet services should be used on a regular and planned basis
A regular planned program of testing and vaccination
should be carried out for the herd for
o Brucellosis
o Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)
o Bovine Virus Diarrhea (BVD)
o Parainfluenza-3 (PI3)
6. Keep health records
Follow a parasite control program
Follow a planned program for mastitis control
Keep accurate reproduction records
Follow a planned calf health care plan
7. Proper feeding of the herd
Good facilities with ventilation
Using dry, clean bedding
Proper cleaning and sanitation
Controlling disease carriers-flies,
birds, rodents
Raising replacements needed
for the herd
Requiring health records of
replacement animals and
isolating them for 30 days
Isolating sick animals
Using a vet
Controlling access to dairy herds
Require visitors to wear
protective footwear
Do not allow visitors unlimited
access to where cattle are kept
Have bulk milk and feed delivery
points as far away from cows as
possible
8. Designed to help dairy farmers produce high
quality milk
Participation is voluntary
Developed by the National Milk Producers
Federation and the American Veterinary Medical
Association
Producers are certified by going through a 10 point
check list of management practices with a
Veterinarian
9. Program identifies critical control points that help herd
owners produce a high quality product
Emphasis is placed on following a preventative health
program
10.
11. Serious economic problem
Causes losses by
o Lowering milk production from infected cows
o Increasing the cull rate in the herd
o The cost of treatment
o Loss of infected milk that must be thrown away
o Increased labor cost to treat infected cows
o Possible loss of permit to sell milk if infection becomes
serious enough
12. Caused by bacteria that enter the udder through the teat
opening
Bacteria may also enter through injury to the teat
May be acute or chronic
13. Inflamed udder
Swollen, hot, hard, tender quarter
Drop in milk production
Abnormal milk
o Lumpy, stringy, straw-colored, contains blood, yellow
clots
Cow goes off feed, shows depression, dull eyes,
rough hair, chills
Death may result
14. Abnormal milk-clots, flakes, watery
Slight swelling and hardness of udder that comes and goes
Sudden decrease in milk production
15. May not show any symptoms
Often not treated
Sometimes does not respond to treatment
More of an economic problem than the acute form
Both acute and chronic mastitis may cause permanent
udder damage
16. White blood cells that fight infection
Mastitis increases their presence
17. Somatic cells are leukocytes and other blood cells
All normal milk contains some somatic cells
Goal of the dairy herd should be an average of no
more than 150,000-200,000 cells per milliliter
90% of the herd should be below 200,000 cells per
milliliter
Somatic cell count can vary greatly from month to
month in cows that have mastitis infection
18. Daily per head losses increase as somatic cell counts
increase
o Ranging from 1.5 lbs at 72,000 cells/milliliter to 6.0 lbs at over 1
million cells/milliliter
Somatic cells counts over 500,000 usually indicated a
bacteria infection, a cow in late lactation, udder injury or an
old cow
Problem cows should be culled
19. Picked up at the farm it cannot have a somatic cell count
exceeding 750,000 cells/milliliter
Violation results in the loss of the farms Grade A permit
20. Several test
Most common is the California Mastitis Test (CMT)
Used to test the herd for mastitis and should be used at
least once a month
21. A small paddle with 4 cups is used
About 1 teaspoon of the first milk from each
quarter is placed in each cup, each quarter must
be checked separately
A chemical that reacts with the milk is placed in
each cup
The presence of leukocytes is shown by the
reaction
o Slight precipitation show a low count
o A heavy gel and purple color show a high count
24. The following practices should be followed for an
effective mastitis control program:
o Maintain milking equipment in proper operating
condition
o Practice proper milking procedures
o Identify the bacteria causing the infection and
determine the extent of the infection in the herd
o Promptly treat identified cases of mastitis
o Treat all quarters of cows when at drying off time
o Cull cows with chronic mastitis problems that do not
respond treatment
25. Also called DA
Condition where the abomasums moves out of place in the
abdominal cavity
More common in dairy cattle than beef
Majority of cases occur shortly after calving
Symptoms
o Poor appetite
o Reduced fecal discharge
o Soft or pasty feces
o Diarrhea
o Drop in milk production
o Dull, listless, thin appearance
26. Type of ration being fed appears to be involved
Too rapid an increase in grain feeding just before
calving increases the chance of DA
Poor quality, moldy roughage or too much silage in
the ration also increase DA
Do not over feed silage and concentrates to dry
cows
Increase the amount of concentrate slowly at
calving time
27. A condition in which the placenta is not discharged within
12-24 hours after calving
Normal for 10-12% of dairy cows
o A higher rate indicates a problem that needs attention
28. Infection in the reproductive tract during pregnancy
Deficiencies of vitamin A or E, iodine, and selenium
Calcium to phosphorus ratio in diet out of balance
Cow too fat
Stress at calving
Breeding a cow too soon after calving
Good management is the best practice to prevent
retained placenta.
29. Nutritional disorder in dairy cattle
Blood sugar drops to a low level
Caused by not feeding enough high energy feeds to meet
the cows needs for high milk production
Usually occurs in the first 6-8 weeks after calving
30. Cows go off feed shortly after calving
Drop in milk production
Loss in body weight
Cows become dull and listless
Odor of acetone in breath, urine and milk
31. Feed a properly balanced ration
Common Treatments
o Glucose injections into the bloodstream
o Hormone injections (cortisone or adrenocorticotrophic hormone)
o Oral feeding of propylene glycol or sodium propionate
Feeding molasses will not cure Ketosis
32. Infection of the uterus
Affects cows within 1-10 days after calving
Higher rate is seen in cows that are too fat at calving
33. Loss of appetite
Fever
Drop in milk production
Abnormal (thick, cloudy, grey, foul odor) discharge from the
vulva
Standing with the back arched
In severe cases, rapid death
34. Feed a properly balanced ration to dry cows
Keep the calving area clean and sanitary
Treat with intrauterine antibiotic drugs
35. Parturient paresis
Caused by a shortage of calcium salts in the blood
More common in older, high producing cows
Usually occurs within a few days after calving
36. Loss of appetite
Reduction in quantity of feces passed
In early stages excitement
Staggering
Depression
Cold skin, dry muzzle
Paralysis
Lies on brisket with head turned back toward side
Later stages, lies on side with head stretched out
Bloating
Death, if not treated
37. Feed a balanced ration to dry cows with the correct
calcium-phosphorus ratio
Treat by intravenous injection of calcium
38. Follow a regular program of treatment
All mature dairy cows should be treated for worms after
each lactation
Replacement heifers should be wormed near the end of
their pregnancy
39. Use care when using insecticides on the dairy
Use only insecticides approved for dairy animals and
facilities
Follow label directions carefully to avoid illegal residues in
the milk
40. Effective herd health plan emphasizes prevention
Good management helps prevent health problems
Mastitis is the most serious disease that affects
dairy cattle
Use care when using drugs to avoid illegal residues
in the milk
Good herd health plans increase net profits
Control internal and external parasites.