The Curriculum Development Division (CDD) develops curriculum for Malaysian schools from preschool through secondary level. It oversees curriculum design, implementation, support materials, and research. The CDD aims to develop students holistically based on Malaysia's National Education Philosophy through subjects like Malay, English, Math, Science, and moral education. It follows a curriculum cycle of needs analysis, planning, design, pilot testing, dissemination, implementation and evaluation. The CDD has revised the curriculum over time and now offers a range of core, elective and additional subjects at each school level.

1. EDU555 CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
(CDD)

2. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
1. Roles and Function
2. National Education Philosophy
3. Curriculum Cycle
4. Curriculum Structure and Emphases
5. Curriculum Review – Moving Forward

3. VISION
QUALITY SCHOOL
CURRICULUM FOR WORLD
CLASS EDUCATION

4. OUR MISSION
To develop an integrated
school curriculum for the
holistic development of the
individuals’ full potential to fulfil
the aspirations of the nation.

5. AIMS
The development of the school
curriculum towards increasing
the quality of education in line
with the National Philosophy of
Education

6. ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT DIVISION (CDD)
1. Design and develop the school
curriculum
2. Disseminate and implement curriculum
3. Monitor curriculum implementation
4. Prepare curriculum support materials
5. Conduct research for the development
and evaluation of curriculum

7. THE NATIONAL EDUCATION
PHILOSOPHY
 Education in Malaysia is an ongoing effort towards further
developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and
integrated manner so as to produce Malaysian citizens who
are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically
balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief in and
devotion to God.
 Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who
are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral
standards, and who are responsible and capable of achieving
a high level of personal well-being as well as being able to
contribute to the betterment of the family, the society and the
nation at large

8. AIMS OF EDUCATION
CORE OF CURRICLUM
DEVELOPMENT
-National Philosophy of Education
-National Education Policy
-Vision 2020
-National Long Term Plan
-New Economic Model
-Current World Trends
-Learning Theories
-4 Pillars of Education (UNESCO)
A learner who is
intellectually,
spiritually,
emotionally and
physically balanced
-Knowledgeable
-Towering personality
-Believe in God
-Desirable Values
-Confident
Global Player
-Competitive
-Resilient
-Able to communicate
in
English/International
Language
-Self Dignity
Responsible
Citizens
-Courteous
-United
-Patriotic
-Fair
-loving
Serve the country
Knowledge Worker
-Innovative
-Creative
-Thirst for knowledge
-Master ICT Skills
-”Creator of
Technology”
-Life-long learning

9. THE NATIONAL CURICULUM IN THE 1996
EDUCATION ACT
“... an educational programme that includes
curriculum and co-curricular activities which
encompasses all the knowledge, skills, norms,
values, cultural elements and beliefs to help
develop a pupil fully with respect to the physical,
spiritual, mental and emotional desirable moral
values and to transmit knowledge”
Educational Act 1996
[Education (national Curriculum) Regulation 1997]

10. CURRICULUM CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
CONSIDERATIONS
•NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
•Economy
•Unity
•Information Technology
•Science and Technology
•Socio-Culture
•INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT
•Human Capital Development
•Development of a Malaysian
citizen
•LEARNING THEORY
•Multiple Intelligences
•Emotional Intelligence
•NATIONAL EDUCATION
PHILOSOPHY
•Education is an on-going process
•Holistic and integrated
development of an individual
(intellect, spiritual, emotional and
physical)
•4 PILLARS OF EDUCATION
(UNESCO)
•Learning to know
•Learning to do
•Learning to be
•Learning to live together
PRESCHOOL, PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY SCHOOL
CURRICULUM
•SUBJECTS
•Compulsory
•Core
•Additional
•Elective
•SPECIAL PROGRAMMES
•Patriotism
•Environmental Education
•Reproductive and Social
Education
•Preventive Education on Drug
Addiction
•Computer in Education
•Special Programme for the
Indigenous People
CLASSROOM
PRACTICES
•TEACHING & LEARNING
STRATEGIES (STUDENT-
CENTERED)
•Enquiry
•Integration of discipline
•Integration of knowledge and
practice
•Enrichment and intervention
•Critical and creative thinking
•Mastery learning
•Learning how to learn
•Genre writing
•Scientific process skills
•Contextual learning
•Fun learning
•Generic skills
•Future studies
•Integrative learning system
•Aspects across the curriculum
•ASSESSMENT
•Assessment for Learning
•School-based Assessment
•Centralised Assessment
OUTCOME
•INDIVIDUALS
•K-Worker
•IT Literate
•Skillful
•Patriotic
•Possess high moral values
•Socially united
•Respects the environment
•Critical and creative
•Resilient and have self dignity
•Innovative
•Ethical and respects own and
other peoples’ culture

11. THE PRESCHOOL CURRICULUM
EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
FOCUSES
• HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT
• LEARNING IS FUN
• MEANIGFUL LEARNING
• LIFELONG LEARNING
OUTCOMES
• COMPETENT IN LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION
• THINKING SKILLS
• HIGH MORAL VALUES
• SELF CONFIDENT & DISCIPLINED
• HEALTHY & ACTIVE
• CREATIVE, IMAGINATIVE & EXPRESSIVE
SPIRITUAL & MORAL
SOSIOEMOTIONAL
LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION
READINESS FOR SCHOOL
SUITABLE
CLASSROOM
PRACTICE
SUITABLE
CLASSROOM
PRACTICE

12. UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES OF THE INTEGRATED
CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL (ICPS)
Principles
of ICPS
INTEGRATED
APPROACH
HOLISTIC
DEVELOPMENT
OF INDIVIDUAL
LIFELONG
LEARNING
EQUAL AND
SIMILAR
EDUCATION
FOR ALL

13. UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES OF THE INTEGRTED
SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM
Principles of ISSC
CONTINUATION OF PRIMARY EDUCATION
INTEGRATION OF INTELLECTUAL, SPIRITUAL, EMOTIONAL
AND PHYSICAL ELEMENTS
USE OF NATIONAL LANGUAGE
LIFE-LONG LEARNING
EMPHASIS ON MORAL VLAUES
USE OF PRESENT KNOWLEDGE AREA
GENERAL EDUCATION FOR ALL

14. CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT CYCLE
NEEDS ANALYSIS
PLANNING
DESIGN &
DEVELOPMENT
PILOT
STUDY/LIMITED
IMPLEMENTATION
CURRICULUM
DISSEMINATION
AND TRAINING
DISSEMINATION &
IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION &
SUPERVISION
Implementation
& monitoring

15. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR PRIMARY
SCHOOL
COMMUNICATION
Basic Literacy 3Rs
(Reading, Writing & Arithmetic)
Languages
Mathematics
MAN AND HIS ENVIRONMENT
Spiritual, Moral and Attitude, and Man
and His Surroundings
Islamic Education
Moral Education
Science
Local Studies
INDIVIDUAL SELF DEVELOPMENT
Arts and Recreation
Living Skills
Music
Arts Education
Physical and Health Education
PUPILS

16. STAGES OF SCHOOLING AND CURRICULAR
EMPHASES AT EACH STAGE
UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL
(Form 4 – 5)
Development of aptitude & interests, development of
personality, attitude & values, specialisation, career &
higher education
LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL
(Form 1 – 3)
General education, consolidation of skills acquired at primary &
pre-vocational level, development of aptitude & values
PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVEL II
(Year 4 – 6)
Reinforcement & application of 3Rs, complex skills,
acquisition of knowledge, pre-vocational education,
development of personality, attitude & values
PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVEL I
(Year 1 – 3)
Mastery of 3Rs, development of personality, attitudes & values
PRESCHOOL
Socialisation process, personality development, preparation for primary
schooling
TRANSITION CLASS
(sandwich year)
Reinforcement &
enhancement of Malay
as medium of
instruction

17. BRIEF HISTORY OF CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA
POST INDEPENDENCE ERA
NEW CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL
INTEGRATED CURRICULUM
FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL
INTEGRATED CURRICULUM
FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
REVISED CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY &
SECONDARY SCHOOL
CURRICULUM REVIEW
1957-1970
1971-1990
1991-2000
2000-2007
2010

18. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Primary Schools
Level 1: Year 1 – 3
Core Subjects Compulsory Subjects Additional Subjects
1. Malay Language
2. English Language
3. Chinese (SJKC)
4. Tamil (SJKT)
5. Mathematics
6. Science
7. Islamic Education
8. Moral Education
1. Physical Education
2. Health Education
3. Visual Arts
Education
4. Music Education
1. Chinese for
Communication
2. Tamil for
Communication
3. Arabic for
Communication
4. Iban Language
(starting Year 3)
5. Semai Language
(Starting Year 3)

19. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Primary Schools
Level 2: Year 4 – 6
Core Subjects Compulsory Subjects Additional Subjects
1. Malay Language
2. English Language
3. Chinese (CTNS)
4. Tamil (TTNS)
5. Mathematics
6. Science
7. Islamic Education
8. Moral Education
9. Local Studies
10.Civics and
Citizenship Education
1. Physical education
2. Health Education
3. Visual Arts Education
4. Music Education
1. Chinese for
Communication
2. Tamil for
Communication
3. Arabic for
Communication
4. Iban Language
5. Semai Language
6. Kadazandusun
Language

20. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Secondary Schools
Level 1: Year
Core Subjects Compulsory Subjects Additional Subjects
1. Malay Language
2. English Language
3. Mathematics
4. Science
5. History
6. Islamic Education
7. Moral Education
8. Civics and
Citizenship
Education
1. Geography
2. Living Skills
3. Physical Education
4. Health Education
5. Visual Arts
Education
6. Music Education
1. Chinese
2. Tamil
3. Arabic
4. Iban Language
5. Kadazandusun
Language
6. Japanese
7. French
8. German
Lower Secondary Level: Form 1 – 3

21. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Secondary Schools
Level 1: Year
Core Subjects Compulsory Subjects Additional Subjects
1. Malay Language
2. English Language
3. Mathematics
4. Science
5. History
6. Islamic Education
7. Moral Education
8. Civics and
Citizenship
Education
1. Physical Education
2. Health Education
1. Chinese
2. Tamil
3. Arabic
4. Iban Language
5. Kadazandusun
Language
6. Japanese
7. French
8. German
Upper Secondary Level: Form 4 – 5

22. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Secondary Schools
Level 1: Year
Elective Subjects
1. Malay Literature
2. Literature in English
3. English for Science and
Technology
4. Visual Arts Education
5. Music Education
6. Geography
7. Basic Economy
8. Additional Mathematics
9. Additional Science
10.Physics
11.Chemistry
12.Biology
13.Information and Communication
Technology
14.Invention
15.Sports Science
Upper Secondary Level: Form 4 – 5

23. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Secondary Schools
Level 1: Year
Elective Subjects (22 Vocational Subjects)
Building, manufacturing, Home Science, Agro Technology and Computer
Application
16. Domestic Construction
17. Furniture Making
18. Signage
19. Domestic Plumbing
20. Domestic electrical
Wiring
21. Arc and Gas Welding
22. Automobile Servicing
23. Motorcycle Servicing
24. Air-conditioning
Servicing
25. Domestic Electrical
Appliances Servicing
26. Design and Tailoring
27. Catering Service
28. Food Processing
29. Facial and Hair Care
30. Basic Interior
Decoration
31. Infant Care and Early
Childhood Education
32. Geriatric Services
33. Nursery and
Landscape
34. Aquaculture and Pets
35. Food Crop Cultivation
36. Computer Graphics
37. Multimedia Production
Upper Secondary Level: Form 4 – 5

24. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Secondary Schools
Level 1: Year
Elective Subjects (In technical and vocational schools)
38. Mechanical Engineering
Studies
39. Civil Engineering Studies
40. Electrical & Electronic
Engineering Studies
41. Engineering Drawing
42. Agro Technology Studies
43. Agro Cultural Science
44. Entrepreneurship
Studies
45. Business
46. Principles of Accounts
47. Fashion Studies
48. Food Management
49. Home Science
50. Engineering Technology
51. Fundamentals of
Programming
52. Program and
Development Tools
53. Fashion Design
54. Dress Making
55. Bread & Yeast Food
56. Patisserie
57. Western & Eastern Food
Preparation
58. Food & Beverages
Preparation
59. Make Up
60. Hair Styling
61. Child Development Studies
62. Early Childhood Care
63. Building Materials
64. Building Technology
65. Principles of Electric and
Electronic
Upper Secondary Level: Form 4 – 5

25. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Secondary Schools
Level 1: Year
Elective Subjects (In technical and vocational schools)
66. Electric & Electronic
Application
67. Computerised Machinery
68. Mechanical Workshop
Practices
69. Cooling
70. Air Conditioning
71. Automotive
72. Electrical and Diesel
Automotive
73. Arc Welding
74. Gas Welding
75. Agricultural Engineering
76. Horticulture &
Landscaping
77. Crop Production
78. Agricultural Product
Processing
79. Animal Production
80. Business Office
Technology
81. Computer Application in
Business
82. Business Accounting
83. Applied Science
84. Animation & Publishing
Design
85. Creative Multimedia
Publishing
86. Computer Support System
87. Network Support System
88. Basic Tourism Skills
89. Tourism & Recreation
Upper Secondary Level: Form 4 – 5

26. SUBJECTS OFFERED AND DEVELOPED BY
THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
 List of subjects offered in Secondary Schools
Upper Secondary Level: Form 4 – 5
Elective Subjects – in Islamic (Religious) Schools
90.Higher Arabic
91.Tasawwur Islam
92.Al-Quran and As-Sunnah Education
93.Syariah Islamiah Education

27. Design of the National Standard based
Preschool and Primary School Curriculum
Communication
Integration of linguistic skills during interaction
through verbal and non-verbal codes in Bahasa
Malaysia, English, Chinese and Tamil
Spiritual, attitude and values
Internationalisation of religious
practices, beliefs, attitude and values.
Humanistic
Mastery of knowledge and practices
regarding social sciences, local
environment, country and global,
internalisation of patriotism and unity.
Science and Technology
Mastery of scientific knowledge and
skills.
Mastery of mathematical knowledge
and skills.
Mastery of technology-based
knowledge and skills
Humanistic
Mastery of knowledge and practices
regarding social sciences, local
environment, country and global,
internalisation of patriotism and unity.
Personal Development
Nurturing and developing leadership and
attitude through curricula and co-curricula
activities.
HOLISTIC
INDIVIDUAL
CRITICAL &
CREATIVE THINKING
INNOVATIVE

28. Concept
Based on the National Philosophy of Education
Based on the principles of ICPS
Standard-base
KPSK & KSSR
Kurikulum Prasekolah Kebangsaan
(National Preschool Curriculum)
Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah
(Primary School Standard Based
Curriculum)
Curricula Materials
Standard documents
Teaching modules
Learning modules
Assessment
Formative and on-
going
Enhancement,
enrichment
Curriculum
Design
Based on 6 Thrusts

29. STANDARD-BASED CURRICULUM
Content Standard
Specific statements about what a learner should know
and be able to perform in a stipulated schooling duration
involving knowledge, skills and values
Learning Standard
A prescribed criteria or indicator on the quality of learning
and achievement which is measurable for each content
standard

30. Enhance the Malay language and Strengthen English
1 October 2009
MBMMBI

31. STRATEGIES
 Curriculum Transformation – modular
approach; “back-to-basics”; skills-based;
integration of new technologies
 Enhance teacher capacity
 Development and provision of materials to
support classroom teaching
 Curriculum leadership training

32. NKRA:
Widening Access to Quality and
affordable Education
NKPI 3.2:
All children without any learning difficulties will
acquire basic literacy and numeracy after 3 years
of primary education by the Year 2012

33. BASIC LITERACY AND NUMERACY
4R Skill Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Read Understand
and use
Minimum of 500 simple
common words
Minimum of 800 simple
common words
Minimum of 1000 simple
common words
Write Able to read,
write and
understand
Simple sentences Simple and compound
sentences with the
conjunction ‘and’
Simple and compound
sentences with the
conjunction ‘and’ in short
paragraphs
Arithmetic
Whole
Numbers
Read, write,
count and
order
Numbers up to 50 Numbers up to 100 Numbers up to 1000
Basic
Operations
Know Basic addition and
subtraction facts
Basic addition and
subtraction, multiplication
(for 2, 5 & 10) and
division (for 2, 5 & 10)
Basic addition and
subtraction, multiplication
(for 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9) and
division (for 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 &
9)
Application Able to •Count money up to
RM10
•State time of day
•Measure length of
objects in relative units
•Count money up to
RM50
•State time in hours on
an analogue clock
•Measure length of
objects in correct units
•Count money up to RM100
•State time in hours on an
analogue clock
•Measure length of objects
in correct units (in cm only)

34. THANK YOU