The invited lecturer has profound knowledge about the changing characteristics of public and private urban space. The envisioned lecture covers city related topics following a two-folded target. As urban space represents the interface of communication and all investigations it is crucial to bring participants nearer to the concept of it. The second part of the lecture block will deal with the role of urban planning in shaping urban space. With this insight participants whould understand the role of urban space and the formal ways planning it.
Presentación sobre los espacios urbanos, elaborada para la asignatura de ciencias sociales de la sección bilingüe del I.E.S. Fray Pedro de Urbina (Miranda de Ebro)
Ildefons Cerda and the Plan for Extension in BarcelonaMichael-Paul James
• Ildefons Cerda
• Barcelona in Turmoil
• Plan of Ensanche
• Cerda's Five Categories: Technical, Political, Economic, Legal & Administrative
• Birth of Comprehensive Planning
• The Grid
• The Intevia
• The Intevia Network
• Natural Light and Air
• Logical Justification
• Public Facilities
• Policy Implementation
• Practical Evolution
• A Study by Dan Anthony
Presentación sobre los espacios urbanos, elaborada para la asignatura de ciencias sociales de la sección bilingüe del I.E.S. Fray Pedro de Urbina (Miranda de Ebro)
Ildefons Cerda and the Plan for Extension in BarcelonaMichael-Paul James
• Ildefons Cerda
• Barcelona in Turmoil
• Plan of Ensanche
• Cerda's Five Categories: Technical, Political, Economic, Legal & Administrative
• Birth of Comprehensive Planning
• The Grid
• The Intevia
• The Intevia Network
• Natural Light and Air
• Logical Justification
• Public Facilities
• Policy Implementation
• Practical Evolution
• A Study by Dan Anthony
In this class, we talk about a few famous cases of modern urban planning, including Haussmann's Paris and Robert Moses's New York. Seaside Florida, the Smart Code and the New Urbanism are also discussed.
Abbreviated rowe and koetter presentationpoligonale
COLLAGE CITY; Rowe and Koetter 1978. A summary of the five chapters intended for presentation to an Architecture and Urbanism MA group. Manchester 26 November 2013.
Antonio Sant'Elia was an Italian architect and a key member of the Futurist movement in architecture. He left behind almost no completed works of architecture and is primarily remembered for his bold sketches and influence on modern architecture.
An introduction to Situationist International, as well as its ramifications in contemporary culture. Véronique also presents a comprehensive history of the rue St Denis, from 400 A.D. until today.
A dive into theories and buildings belonging to the early history of modern architecture, aimed at putting them in relation with an emerging culture of the surface in western society, which anticipates phenomena more famously observed and theoreticized in the late 1960s by Venturi & Scott Brown.
In this class, we talk about a few famous cases of modern urban planning, including Haussmann's Paris and Robert Moses's New York. Seaside Florida, the Smart Code and the New Urbanism are also discussed.
Abbreviated rowe and koetter presentationpoligonale
COLLAGE CITY; Rowe and Koetter 1978. A summary of the five chapters intended for presentation to an Architecture and Urbanism MA group. Manchester 26 November 2013.
Antonio Sant'Elia was an Italian architect and a key member of the Futurist movement in architecture. He left behind almost no completed works of architecture and is primarily remembered for his bold sketches and influence on modern architecture.
An introduction to Situationist International, as well as its ramifications in contemporary culture. Véronique also presents a comprehensive history of the rue St Denis, from 400 A.D. until today.
A dive into theories and buildings belonging to the early history of modern architecture, aimed at putting them in relation with an emerging culture of the surface in western society, which anticipates phenomena more famously observed and theoreticized in the late 1960s by Venturi & Scott Brown.
Modernism in Art: An Introduction: 'Standing in the sumit...' Futurisms' bec...James Clegg
Lecture 5 in 'Modernism in Art: An Inroduction'. This weeks focused on Futurism, beginning with a reading of the 1909 Manifesto and discussing some of the key works associated with the group. Additionally this presentation includes a brief introduction to changes taking place in design.
In between Classicism and Romanticism, The industrial revolution and the industrial city, The critique to the industrial city, the Picturesque Beauty and the Nature of Gothic, John Ruskin and William Morris, Camillo Sitte and Ebenezer Howard. The Garbatella neighborhood in Rome. Innocenzo Sabattini and the Istituto Case Popolari.
Presented during Javascript MVC Amsterdam meetup, 29 Jan 2014: http://www.meetup.com/JavaScript-MVC-Meetup-Amsterdam/events/156767102/
At De Voorhoede (http://voorhoede.nl) I'm responsible for setting up new front-end projects in such a way that it's easy for teams to work with. This presentation explains how we structure these projects. The presentation includes some tips on structuring larger AngularJS projects.
Design for people, Code for computers - Jasper Moelker (18 apr 2013)Jasper Moelker
As web developers we commonly create a presentation of content using html and css styles to make it more appealing and readable for people. With a little extra effort we can make the same content just as accessible to computers and applications. This can be achieved by including a variety of metadata within the markup and by linking external metadata files. This presentation looks at these different metadata at a glance, including: basic metadata, device icons, structured data, open graph, open search, rss feeds, xml sitemaps, robots.txt & humans.txt.
This presentation was first presented during the Pecha Kucha meeting of Fronteers at de Voorhoede, Amsterdam, 18 April 2013.
DCE map - Map your project by Jasper Moelker, Active IDs (19 Oct 2010)Jasper Moelker
Originally written as a manual for the DCE map application (http://map.dce.tudelft.nl) for the International Development & Entrepreneurship minor at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). The presentation contains a lot of generic tricks to play with all sorts of Google Maps overlays.
Living + Sport (educational project) - Maquette (Jan 2007)Jasper Moelker
Assignment: Living+ is an exploration into possibilities for the integration of complementary
functions and housing. In a 40x40x40m volume the designer is triggered to develop new dwelling typologies through the mixing of functions.
Concept: Rather than cloakrooms the dwellings themselves should be the filter between the public domain and the sport domain. By positioning itself in the middle, the dwelling has new border conditions as an interface to both the public as well as the sports domain. This makes the program of the dwelling dependent of its adjecent domain so that new typologies arise: 'arena', 'stand', 'club' and 'window'. Subtile transitions between the functions are made through order of the intensity of an activity. This is also expressed in the routing and the facade - in the spacing of the vertical louvres. The program itself is reflected in the materialization of the interior and the facade.
This project was designed as educational project within the Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences master program (1st semester) at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft).
Team: Björn Fries, Daan Font Freide, Jasper Moelker
Living + Sport (educational project) - Posters (Jan 2007)Jasper Moelker
Assignment: Living+ is an exploration into possibilities for the integration of complementary
functions and housing. In a 40x40x40m volume the designer is triggered to develop new dwelling typologies through the mixing of functions.
Concept: Rather than cloakrooms the dwellings themselves should be the filter between the public domain and the sport domain. By positioning itself in the middle, the dwelling has new border conditions as an interface to both the public as well as the sports domain. This makes the program of the dwelling dependent of its adjecent domain so that new typologies arise: 'arena', 'stand', 'club' and 'window'. Subtile transitions between the functions are made through order of the intensity of an activity. This is also expressed in the routing and the facade - in the spacing of the vertical louvres. The program itself is reflected in the materialization of the interior and the facade.
This project was designed as educational project within the Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences master program (1st semester) at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft).
Team: Björn Fries, Daan Font Freide, Jasper Moelker
Living + Sport (educational project) - Presentation (Jan 2007)Jasper Moelker
Assignment: Living+ is an exploration into possibilities for the integration of complementary
functions and housing. In a 40x40x40m volume the designer is triggered to develop new dwelling typologies through the mixing of functions.
Concept: Rather than cloakrooms the dwellings themselves should be the filter between the public domain and the sport domain. By positioning itself in the middle, the dwelling has new border conditions as an interface to both the public as well as the sports domain. This makes the program of the dwelling dependent of its adjecent domain so that new typologies arise: 'arena', 'stand', 'club' and 'window'. Subtile transitions between the functions are made through order of the intensity of an activity. This is also expressed in the routing and the facade - in the spacing of the vertical louvres. The program itself is reflected in the materialization of the interior and the facade.
This project was designed as educational project within the Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences master program (1st semester) at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft).
Team: Björn Fries, Daan Font Freide, Jasper Moelker
Facade Refurbishment of Rijkswaterstaat Westraven by Jasper Moelker (October ...Jasper Moelker
Assignment: Research & Design project for the refurbishment of the facade of the Rijkswaterstaat Westraven building in Utrecht. In the development the facade, construction and climate system should be integrated.
Solution: By replacing the excisting façade with an aluminium-glass façade and introducing a second
façade of louvres, all requirements can be met in an integrated intelligent façade design. The
louvre façade is used for sun protection, noise protection, bringing more light in the back of the
offices, pre-heating air, producing energy (with PV cells), allowing sight and preventing glare.
This project was designed as educational project within the Architecture, Urbanism & Building Sciences master program (1st semester) at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft).
CSI.Lagos: Lagos - Mega City or Crisis City - Bukka debate (18 Jun 2010)Jasper Moelker
Lagos is branded as 'Mega City' but more often viewed as 'Crisis City'. This panel discussion speculates on the urban future of the city of Lagos in Nigeria.
more info: bukka.org/activities.html
The contribution of Urban Detectives to this event is presenting the external perspective through the results of the 'City Space Investigations - Lagos' workshop held in April 2010.
more info: csi-lagos.urbandetectives.com
PermaCity: Hong Kong Fantasies - Presentation Alternative Economies (31 Oct 2...Jasper Moelker
The HK Fantasies workshop focuses on strategies for Hong Kong 2030. This presentation shows the analysis, strategies and proposals by the 'Alternative Economies' group:
HK - OUTSIDE IN: ‘global city’, ‘economic evolution’
HK - INSIDE OUT: ‘derive’, ‘objective mapping’, ‘subjective mapping’
HK - ECONOMICS: ‘hong kong to the world’, ‘the world to hong kong’
HK - FANTASIES: ‘hk mega micro’, ‘hk maximum city’, ‘hk knowledge city’, ‘hk ict’, ‘hk harmonious city’, ‘ hk agrocity’,‘hk hidden city’
Graduation defense 'Density & Daylight' by Jasper Moelker (05 Nov 2009)Jasper Moelker
Graduation defense for double degree in Architecture and Building Technology on 'designing with density & daylight'.
Urban plan for the Teleport area in Amsterdam showing how the issue of intensifying land usage can be tackled on left-over spaces within a city. The cluster, building and facade design show on different scales how this concept could be implemented.
P4 Architecture (Panels (png version)) by Jasper MoelkerJasper Moelker
Graduation project 'Hybrid Buildings' process presentation:
Urban, Cluster and Building design based on the research question ‘By what design intervention can the center of the Teleport Area be
transformed into a more efficient, continuous and liveable environment?’
Graduation project 'Hybrid Buildings' process presentation:
Urban, Cluster and Building design based on the research question ‘By what design intervention can the center of the Teleport Area be
transformed into a more efficient, continuous and liveable environment?’
Edulearn09: Evaluation ICT tools CSI.SP by Jasper Moelker (06 July 2009)Jasper Moelker
Evaluation of the ICT Tools implemented in the City Space Investigations (CSI) São Paulo workshop presented at the EDULEARN09 conference in Barcelona.
For more information about the CSI workshops visit the Urban Detectives website: www.urbandetectives.com
(Inter)national Facades: International Building Teams by Nils Eekhout (28 May...Jasper Moelker
"Rules vary from one country to the next, but
differences in building teams determine the outcome of projects even more."
Nils Eekhout illustrates his statement with a series of projects his office Octatube has completed all over the world.
(Inter)national Facades: Integral Facade Design (MSc3 project) by Charlotte H...Jasper Moelker
Within the facade development there is an important difference within the optimization process. One can either optimize each function within its own component or the complexity of the facade can be solved by optimizing the facade study case as a whole. Charlotte Heesbeen shows how the facade as a whole can be optimized through an integral facade design, while analyzing the potentials as well as the threats using her MSc3 project of the International Facade Master (graduation specialization) as an example.
(Inter)national Facades: International Facade Master: WHY? by Arie Bergsma (2...Jasper Moelker
Arie Bergsma opens with a quickscan of the current international focus on the facade theme, stating the development is a result of optimization within the facade industry. He relates this shift to an increasing demand for knowledge exchange and stipulates the need for active participation by education (and research) institutes.
The 'International Facade Master' is a specialization within the Master of Science (MSc) in Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences at the Faculty of Architecture, TU Delft (The Netherlands) responding to this demand. In his lecture, Arie explains 'WHY?' and how.
Picturing São Paulo by Jan van Ballegooijen, Martine Verhoeven, Rutger Huiber...Jasper Moelker
Drifting through the city, we find a dazzling flow of images; contrasts, discrepancies, machine-like motion, the images of wealth and poverty, graffiti, faces, details and everything in between. São Paulo as an endless collage.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
CSI.SP: Observing Urban Space by Maurice Harteveld (25 Feb 2009)
1. Maurice Harteveld (TU Delft)
Urban Research Methods
Lecture 4: 25-02-09
18:30-20:00 Room F
PARALLEL WORLDS LECTURE SERIES 2009
2. Observing Urban Space
Maurice Harteveld, Urban Designer, Planner, and Architect
m.g.a.d.harteveld@tudelft.nl
www.harteveld.org
3. Space in the City
In general, and relatively, the City has little Open Space
The land is mainly private…
Montepulciano…
“primum electio loci saluberrimi.”: First to choose a healthy place…
Vitruvius Pollio (c. 80–70 - c. 15 BC)
4. Public Space & Form
Design: Sizes, heights, walls, views, …
Contrast and difference, unity and coherence, …
Via di Cagnano…
“Mercurio autem in foro aut etiam, ...”
Vitruvius Pollio (c. 80–70 - c. 15 BC))
5. Public Space & Meaning
Culture: Use by local residents and entrepreneurs, passer-bys, …
Meaning, significance, history, memory, …
Strada del Vino Nobile di Montepulciano (Local Wine Route) …
“...Apollini Patrique Libero secundum theatrum”
Vitruvius Pollio (c. 80–70 - c. 15 BC))
6. What is Public Space?
‘Publicum’ and ‘Publicis Locis’, by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (c. 80–70 - c. 15 BC)
Of the People … The place of the people
The question shifts to… What is public?
“locorum ad usum publicum dispositio…..., quae isdem rationibus in publicis locis designantur.”
Vitruvius Pollio (c. 80–70 - c. 15 BC)
7. Contemporary Conceptions
The sole legitimism for a street is when it is public:
Without streets no city, said Spiro Kostof (1992)
Siena…
“The only legitimacy of the street is as public space. Without it there is no city.”
(Kostof 1992: 194)
8. Contemporary Conceptions?
The street; what is the street? … and, is only outdoor space public?
Space Meaning
Piazza del Duomo...
“Today, architects and urbanists are [..] challenged by the conundrum of public spaces within
private buildings.” Harteveld en Scott Brown (2007)
9. Contemporary Conceptions!
I state that also public interiors enrich the city, even qualitatively can improve.
Without publicness no city…
De Duomo di Siena of Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta...
“History shows how richly the public interiors of private buildings can extend and enhance
the city’s public offering.” Harteveld en Scott Brown (2007)
10. Nolli Map
Giambattista Nolli, an architect and surveyor in service of pope Benedictus XIV
Without church no city?
Pianta Grande di Roma...
“Our maps resembled Nolli’s in that they showed the buildings, open spaces and circulation
systems of the public sector differently from those of the private sector…” Harteveld en Scott Brown (2007)
11. Not New, but Different…
Las Vegas 1960s
Icon for the dispersed city, fragmented and interiorized
Day is negated in the casinos, …
“We believe that a careful documentation and analysis if its physical form is as important […] …”
Venturi en Scott Brown (1972)
12. Public Space?
Caesars Palace faced the Strip with a royal presence.
The Roman Baroque wings marked the entry, fountains stands along the roadside.
and night is negated on the strip.
“… […] as were the studies of Medieval Europe and Ancient Rome and Greece to earlier generations.”
Venturi en Scott Brown (1972)
13. Past, Present, Future
Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown on excursion in Las Vegas (1968)
Without casino no city?
Learning from Las Vegas...
“Stardust Hotel = Gothic Cathedrals, Las Vegas Signs = San Gimimnano Towers”
Venturi en Scott Brown (1968 in 1972)
14. Reinterpretation of Nolli
Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown revolutionary evolution (1972)
‘Interior Space’ or ‘Interior Oasis’ as public space
Strip Nolli’s Las Vegas....
“The interior space and the patio […] have the quality of an oasis”
Venturi en Scott Brown (1972)
15. What does this mean for Urbanism?
Building in the City? City in the Building?
Private Space – Public Space
PUBLIC SPACE
Urbanism versus Architecture
“a city, according to the opinion of philosophers, be no more then a great house, and on the other
hand a house be a little city…” Leon Battista Alberti (1452 / 1485)
16. 1860s: Urban Pioneers
‘Urbanización’, defined by Ildefonso Cerdá (1863)
‘Städtebau’, defined by Reinhard Baumeister (1876)
Early Urban Theorists define Public Space in the City as an Design Assignment …
The design of Public Space is traditionally an assignment for Urban Designers
Harteveld (2005)
17. 1960s: Urban Sociologists
Hannah Arendt (1958), Jane Jacobs (1961), Jürgen Habermas (1962) et al
People com together, exchange ideas, trade, have influence, …
Underlined by Sociologists
Public Realm - Public Life - Public Responsibility - Öffentlichkeit - Public Sphere - Publicness
Exterior and Interior - Open or Roofed - Open to the Public - Democratic Space - Res Publica
Rise of sociology after WO II....
“Our maps resembled Nolli’s in that they showed the buildings, open spaces and circulation
systems of the public sector differently from those of the private sector…” Harteveld en Scott Brown (2007)
18. Public Space as a Design
‘Forum Romanum’ in Der Städtebau, by Camillo Sitte (1889) v.
‘Umbau der Stadtmitte von Florenz’ in Der Städtebau, by Joseph Stübben (1890)
… Public Space defined by Use; or Public Space defined by Ownership?
‘wherefore presently not only public squares but also enclosed spaces are used’
Sitte (1889)
20. Public Space in the City
Unhygienic Paris, pictured in ‘Le désagrément d’aller à pied’ (?)
Chaos in Paris, pictured in Le Figaro Littéraire (1888)
In Practice: The Public Space in the Nineteenth Century.
…ownership and with that public/private law were used to control public order
Mumford (1961), Benevolo (1980), et al
21. Private Initiatives
Journey to Egypt and Syria (1780s), Napoleonic Travels (1798 – 1799)
Design Galeries de Bois in Paris by Victor Louis (1781 – ‘84)
Extension Public Space, designed as Bazaar, transformed into a ‘Short-Cut’ through the block.
… ‘bazar ou marche couvert’.
Volney (1783 – 1785)
22. New, Clean and …Inside
Rise of the Bourgeoisie after the French Revolution (1798 - 1799)
Design several Arcades, a.o. Galeries Vivienne en Colbert (1826 resp. 1828)
Next to the need for extra Public Space, foremost the need for clean en modern Public Space.
New and foremost clean public space for ‘tout de Paris’. In fact for the bourgeoisie to stroll.
Benjamin (1935, 1939, 1972)
23. The Ownership of the Space
Galerie d’Orleans in Palais Royal, design Pierre Fontaine (1829)
Surroundings of Palais Royal, design Georges-Eugène Haussmann (1854)
Control Public Order on Private Premises vs. Public Ownership
“…à se soumettre aux ordonnance et règlements du ressort de l’administration de la police.”
Alphand (1886)
24. Improving Quality Public Space
General principles of the new Parisian streets, Joseph Stübben (1890)
Photo after realization breakthroughs (end 19e century)
Construction of Public Services, like Sewerage, under the Public Road
“Hausmann again offered the ‘corridor street’ as a solution…”
Le Corbusier (1929)
25. New Problems
Lack of transit and supervision, and conflict participants of traffic
Collection newspaper clippings of Le Corbusier (1923 en 1924)
Rise of car-, traffic trouble
“Les heures nouvelle” , “L’urbanisme… un esprit nouveau”
L’intran. (1923)
26. Vertical City
Siena in the Medieval Time and New York in Modern Time
collection Le Corbusier (1920s)
Fascination for New York, reinterpretation history…
Plus: “Grande Traversées”, “Autodromes”, “Gratte-ciels”, “Cités Jardins”, ...
Le Corbusier (1929)
27. The Future?
Reconstruction Inner City of Paris ‘Plan Voisin’, design Le Corbusier (1926)
Ideal Plan of ‘Ville Radieuse’, design Le Corbusier (1930)
Air, Light and Space!
… “But in this plan I allow for sky-scrapers at intervals of 400 yards …”
Le Corbusier (1929)
28. Spacious Lay-Out
Housing and increase of Mobility after Invention Masse production Ford (1910)
Design of a. o. Cité des 4000 and Val d’Argent (1963 – ’68 resp. 1964 – ’72)
Free-standing Apartment Buildings in a park-like Public Space.
De ontwikkelingen zouden “on behalf of the public […] be financed by the public and not by the state.”
Le Corbusier (1929)
29. Surplus of ‘Public’ Space
‘Le Val-d’Argent saccagé’ in Le Parisien of 15 juli (2005)
Revitalization and Sanitation; exampl. Fernand Léger (2006), La Barre Balzac (2009)
It may be landscaped Space, but foremost extra ‘Public’ Space.
“l’îlot Fernand Léger a déjà et va encore connaître des réaménagements marquants à sa périphérie…”
Ville-d’Argenteuil (2006)
30. Real Public Space, where?
Créteil Soleil, Val-de-Marne in the ‘Banlieue’ of Paris (1974-2005)
Gathering inside the Shopping Mall
Air, Light and Space?? Airconditioning, Lighting and Interiors!
“Créteil-Soleil est créé dans les années 1970 sur des terrains ayant été déclaré d'intérêt public.”
Philippe Baffert, Ministère des Transports, de l'Équipement, du Tourisme et de la Mer (20 novembre 2006)
31. Public Space Private Hands
IN
Nineteenth-Century’s Passages: Extra Public Space on Private Property
Twentieth-Century’s Malls: Response to the surplus of ‘Public’ Space
ii
i
Privately designed and managed Public Space
“Het denken over Openbare Ruimte wordt nu gedomineerd door een hernieuwd kwaliteitsbesef. ”
Hajer (1989)
32. Public Space Private Hands
IN
Nineteenth-Century’s Passages: Extra Public Space on Private Property
Twentieth-Century’s Malls: Response to the surplus of ‘Public’ Space
i ii
Privately designed and managed Public Space
“Het denken over Openbare Ruimte wordt nu gedomineerd door een hernieuwd kwaliteitsbesef. ”
Hajer (1989)
33. Transformation of Public Space
Transformations and modification through time, but also
A Variety of adoptions in different places, by different urban cultures and societies
The transformation of public space in not a linear process
“being well prepared to appreciate the struggle for existence which everywhere goes on from
long-continued observation” Darwin (1838)
35. Who’s the Public?
Scuola di Atene , Vatican City, by Raphael Sanzio (1509–1510)
The Forum Shops at Caesars, Caesars Palace, Las Vegas by Terry Dougall (1992)
Transformation of the public & Diversification of the public…
“Nam cunctas nationes et urbes populus aut primores aut singuli regunt.”
Publius Cornelius Tacitus (ca. 56 – ca. 117)
36. Diversity Identity
AND
United Colors of Benetton, Treviso Italy (1980s)
Street party in Helsinki (1999)
Migratie, globalization, emerge of sub-cultures, lifestyles: Who is the public?
“All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.”
Arti1 of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
37. Neutrality Specificity
AND
Kern Gezond, Den Haag (since 1985) and Wijnhavenkwartier (2011 en 2017)
Design Vision China Town, Den Haag (since 2005) and Chinese Poort (2009)
Changing populous. The communal idea seems to be forgotten…
“Toch dient de openbare ruimte zich niet op één functie te richten, en een zekere neutraliteit te bewaren.”
Han Meyer (2006)
38. Utility Show
AND
Shinjuku Station, Tokyo (1885-now)
Canal City Hakata Fukuoka (1996) Jon Jerde
Communal Unity and Community as basis for the Japanse society.
“a hyper-dense community the likes of which is not found elsewhere in the world.”
Kakuei Tanaka, minister-president (1972)
39. Outside Inside
AND
Lower Manhattan Station, New York NY, United States
design by Daniel Libeskind (2005)
Actual Design Task giving space to the public: Lay-out, Connections and Management
“In order […] to create more usable open space, a bonus device has been established…”
Voorhees Walker Smith, Smith & Haines (1958)
40. Publicness has Changed?
Jardin du Luxembourg, Paris by Frédéric Bartholdi (1870)
Fontaine des Automates by Jean Tinguely and Niki de Saint Phalle (1982)
Who is the public?
“Nam cunctas nationes et urbes populus aut primores aut singuli regunt.”
Publius Cornelius Tacitus (ca. 56 – ca. 117)
41. Publicity Public
AND
Demonstration in a Mall in New York by Justice for Janitors (2003)
Performance in the NY Subway by a Jazz Ensemble (1998)
That’s where people pass, that’s where people gather: Demonstrations, Manifestations etc.
“…the challenge of the boundary setting is supporting both sides of the boundary.”
Madanipour (2003)
42. Law Regulations
AND
Citigroup Center Public Space, New York VS - design Hugh Stubbins (1977)
Zoning Resolution of the Department of City Planning NYC (1990)
Public Regulations focused on Accessibility and Use of Privately Owned Public Space.
“Complaints regarding this public space may be addressed to the Department Of city Planning.”
Openbare Mededeling op een Bord op 153 Eas53rd Street, NYC (2004)
43. Liberty Obstruction
AND
Sign in the Fashion Fair Mall, Fresno CA, US (1970s / 2003)
First Amendment Area, Muir Woods CA, US (1990s)
‘Public Freedom of Speech’, ‘Freedom of the Press’, ‘Freedom of Assembly’, etc.
“Congress shall make no law … abridging the freedom of speech…”
US Bill of Rights,1st Amendment (1789 - today)
44. Ownership Use
AND
Warmond, TCN Property Projects, Teylingen (April 2006*) VPRO De Toekomst
Dorli for sale in India (December 2005)
Does it matter?
“Te koop aangeboden: Middelgroot dorp, centraal gelegen in de Randstad, zeer goed ontsloten...”
VPRO De Toekomst (2006)
45. …Fear Critics
AND
Anti Space (1986) Themed Space (1992) Analogous Space (1992)
Generic Space (1995) Empty Space (2002) Capsular Space (2005)…
Criticism since the 1980s.
“Lost spaces are the undesireble urban areas that are in need for redesign - antispaces.’
Trancik (1986)
46. Observing the Public & the Private?
The mass, the public, …the public sphere
The lonely, the individual, …de private sphere
Public Sphere and the Private Space, Private Sphere and the Public Space
“the public realm, as the sphere of action and speech, contrasts to the private realm of the house hold…”
(Arendt 1958)
47. …Fragmentation & Complexity?
La Canopée, Forum des Halles, by Patrick Berger en Jacques Anziutti (2010–2013)
L’Emblisement de Paris par le Métropolitain, by A. Robida (1886)
The Fragments are Complex and Complexity is Fragmented
“interior public space has become an important constituent of the contemporary city .”
Harteveld en Scott Brown (2007)
48. …Fiction & Reality?
Grand Canal in The Venetian Resort Hotel Casino, Las Vegas (1999)
Fondamenta del Soccorso in Venetia
Fiction is Reality, and Reality is Fiction…
“Bring people together and they create a collective surplus of enjoyment;...”
Gordon Cullen (1961)
49. Observing The City
Disperse – Compact, Fragmentation – Unionization, Envisioned – Grown…
Diversity, Identity, Liberty, Publicity…
Rethinking Public Space
“interior public space has become an important constituent of the contemporary city .”
Harteveld en Scott Brown (2007)
50. Rethinking Public Space
Public – Private, Cultural Meaning – Design, Outdoor – Indoor, Lack – Surplus…
Neutrality, Specificity, Utility, Diversity, …
Public Sphere, Public Realm, Public Life, Public Quality
“interior public space has become an important constituent of the contemporary city .”
Harteveld en Scott Brown (2007)