DOXIADIS
HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND PLANING
CONSTANTINOS APOSTOLOU DOXIADIS
THEORY OF EKISTICS
Minor shells- Micro-settlements- Meso-settlements- Macro-settlements-Ekistics Logarithm Scale:-
BY EVOLUNITARY PHASE
BY FACTOR AND DISCIPLINE
CASE STUDY: ISLAMABAD
Master Plan
Comparison of Land cover
CONCEPT OF CITY PLANNING
ROAD NETWORK & HIERARCHY
ROAD NETWORK & TRANSPORT
HOUSES AND STREET PATTERN
GRID SYSTEM
CURRENT CHALLENGES FACED BY THE CITY
Town planning and architecture
HISTORY OF GARDEN CITY
FEATURES OF GARDENCITY
EXAMPLES O GARDEN CITY
REFERENCE -TOWN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE ,R S AGRAWAL
DOXIADIS
HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND PLANING
CONSTANTINOS APOSTOLOU DOXIADIS
THEORY OF EKISTICS
Minor shells- Micro-settlements- Meso-settlements- Macro-settlements-Ekistics Logarithm Scale:-
BY EVOLUNITARY PHASE
BY FACTOR AND DISCIPLINE
CASE STUDY: ISLAMABAD
Master Plan
Comparison of Land cover
CONCEPT OF CITY PLANNING
ROAD NETWORK & HIERARCHY
ROAD NETWORK & TRANSPORT
HOUSES AND STREET PATTERN
GRID SYSTEM
CURRENT CHALLENGES FACED BY THE CITY
Town planning and architecture
HISTORY OF GARDEN CITY
FEATURES OF GARDENCITY
EXAMPLES O GARDEN CITY
REFERENCE -TOWN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE ,R S AGRAWAL
The main aim of this is to analyse the production of space and how human and non-human entities function as space producers or devices. The scope of this study is the Regent Street from 1818 to 1848. This paper aims to answer the following question: could space be a product that we can produce or what other things involved in this production process? Numerous theorists contribute to the spatial analyses of this historical research. This paper puts special emphasis on the Lefebvrian spatial triad as a methodological decoder along with the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to analyse the 19th century-Regent Street. The combination of the triad, as well as the ANT, will be deployed as an original tool to analyse spaces with their data; then they will be used to create a spatial map. To do so, visual and written sources will also be used as data to decode and re-map or re-paint the modern life of Regent Street during the Regency Period.
PUP 420 Theory of Urban Design Historical Perspecti.docxwoodruffeloisa
PUP 420: Theory of
Urban Design
Historical Perspectives:
Siena, Italy
Part of understanding the basics of
urban design is to understand the
history of designing our cities.
Two basic city forms – organic and
geometric – emerged very early in
Western civilizations.
Organic cities are likely to have been
the more ancient of the two, having
arisen through chance and
accretion. Accretion means that
these settlements grew where paths
became streets, and villages
merged into towns and then cities.
Organic cities developed around geographic features that were
crucial to trade or defense, such as regional crossroads, safe
harbors, river crossings, access to mountain passes, and so
forth.
Miletus, origin of Miletian plan
Palace Quarter, Babylon
The geometric form, on the other
hand, was planned – purposely
and self-consciously designed.
This is where we get our grid
system, where streets are at right
angles and form blocks.
Most early geometric cities had
specific places for religion and
commerce. And most early
societies were concerned about
controlling access to their city for
the purpose of defense.
Historical Perspectives:
Historical Perspectives:
Piazza del Campo, Siena
Villingen, Germany
The Middle Ages were shaped by
warfare and military considerations,
leading to things like building city
walls.
Public spaces became associated
with religious structures and, later,
commerce, as the church plaza
became the marketplace.
During the Middle Ages, we also
started building secular public
plazas – these are plazas that are
not associated with a church or
religion. Piazza del Campo in
Sienna was one of the first of these
secular plazas.
Historical Perspectives:
Pienza, Italy
Palmanova, Italy
Next, we move ahead to the
Renaissance, which was roughly
the 15th – 17th Centuries. (There’s
no consensus about the exact
years.)
During this time, classical architecture
and planning served as precedents,
as neo-classical architecture began
to be built. This was stemming from
a renewed interest in art,
architecture, literature, and so forth.
This coincides with the emerging
“humanist” view – meaning that
people were looking at Ancient
Rome and Ancient Greece for
inspiration and seeing the value in
classical learning.
Historical Perspectives:
Pope Sixtus V’s Plan of Rome
The Baroque period was roughly the
16th – 17th Centuries, sometimes
grouped into the Renaissance time
period.
During the Baroque period, we built
straight avenues with clear lines of
sight. Our cities also had radial and
diagonal patterns defined by focal
points. This is largely because the
planners were military engineers,
interested in efficiency.
During this time, cities were also
starting to be confronted with the
challenges of swelling populations –
and the consequences of this on
health, light, and air.
Historical Perspectives:
Paris, France
Baro ...
PUP 420 Theory of Urban Design Historical PerspectiTakishaPeck109
PUP 420: Theory of
Urban Design
Historical Perspectives:
Siena, Italy
Part of understanding the basics of
urban design is to understand the
history of designing our cities.
Two basic city forms – organic and
geometric – emerged very early in
Western civilizations.
Organic cities are likely to have been
the more ancient of the two, having
arisen through chance and
accretion. Accretion means that
these settlements grew where paths
became streets, and villages
merged into towns and then cities.
Organic cities developed around geographic features that were
crucial to trade or defense, such as regional crossroads, safe
harbors, river crossings, access to mountain passes, and so
forth.
Miletus, origin of Miletian plan
Palace Quarter, Babylon
The geometric form, on the other
hand, was planned – purposely
and self-consciously designed.
This is where we get our grid
system, where streets are at right
angles and form blocks.
Most early geometric cities had
specific places for religion and
commerce. And most early
societies were concerned about
controlling access to their city for
the purpose of defense.
Historical Perspectives:
Historical Perspectives:
Piazza del Campo, Siena
Villingen, Germany
The Middle Ages were shaped by
warfare and military considerations,
leading to things like building city
walls.
Public spaces became associated
with religious structures and, later,
commerce, as the church plaza
became the marketplace.
During the Middle Ages, we also
started building secular public
plazas – these are plazas that are
not associated with a church or
religion. Piazza del Campo in
Sienna was one of the first of these
secular plazas.
Historical Perspectives:
Pienza, Italy
Palmanova, Italy
Next, we move ahead to the
Renaissance, which was roughly
the 15th – 17th Centuries. (There’s
no consensus about the exact
years.)
During this time, classical architecture
and planning served as precedents,
as neo-classical architecture began
to be built. This was stemming from
a renewed interest in art,
architecture, literature, and so forth.
This coincides with the emerging
“humanist” view – meaning that
people were looking at Ancient
Rome and Ancient Greece for
inspiration and seeing the value in
classical learning.
Historical Perspectives:
Pope Sixtus V’s Plan of Rome
The Baroque period was roughly the
16th – 17th Centuries, sometimes
grouped into the Renaissance time
period.
During the Baroque period, we built
straight avenues with clear lines of
sight. Our cities also had radial and
diagonal patterns defined by focal
points. This is largely because the
planners were military engineers,
interested in efficiency.
During this time, cities were also
starting to be confronted with the
challenges of swelling populations –
and the consequences of this on
health, light, and air.
Historical Perspectives:
Paris, France
Baro ...
The Grand Manner and Paris under Haussmannization .docxcherry686017
The Grand Manner
and Paris under Haussmannization
Gustave Caillebotte, Paris Street, Rainy Day” (1877)
This lecture will:
• Provide an overview of Baroque urban design, also known as “The Grand Manner”
• Explore the transformation of nineteenth century Paris under the influence of
Emperor Napoleon III and Georges Haussmann.
• Set the stage for understanding subsequent planning approaches that borrowed
from Haussmann’s restructuring of Paris.
Note: Much of the content of this lecture come from the work of Spiro Kostof’s The City Shaped
David Pinkney’s and Napoleon III and the Rebuilding of Paris.
This week we will be narrowing our focus on the city of Paris in the 19th century.
Paris is perhaps the most striking modern example of urban restructuring aimed
at alleviating congestion and disorder. But in order to fully appreciate the vast
physical changes that the city experienced over the course of just a few decades,
we should first familiarize ourselves with some basic urban design elements that
had been employed since antiquity, but which by the 1700s had become,
according to architectural historian Spiro Kostof, “a rational system of urban
design.” This system came to be called “Baroque Urban Design,” or “The Grand
Manner” of planning. Consisting of a handful (10 to be exact) of clearly
identifiable physical elements, the Grand Manner was most often an expression
or a “staging” of political power.
1. The Straight Street
An essential element of Baroque urban design was the that of the straight street. We
have discussed the use of the grid before, but here we are talking about the carving
out of a singular straight street in contrast to the surrounding irregularities of winding
pathways. In Europe, Renaissance Florence was instrumental in the development of
the straight street as an artistically conceived space – an urban space with its own
integrity rather than the space left over between buildings.
The design advantages of straight streets
included:
1. …increased control over public order.
By avoiding or eliminating winding,
labyrinthine streets, the ability or
temptation to obstruct passages
through barricades during times of
riots was significantly weakened.
2. …promotion of circulation of people,
goods, transportation and military
troops and artillery. As the industrial
revolution placed pressure on cities
through significant population
increase, intense congestion in the city
center followed. Carving straight
streets through the center proved to
be a common modern planning tactic.
Right:
Nevsky
Prospekt
in
St.
Petersburg,
1703.
The
massive
propor?ons
of
this
street
were
intended
to
reflect
the
poli?cal
power
of
Russia
under
Peter
the
Great
and
his
efforts
to
modernize
his
empire.
2. The Baroque Diagonal
A more ...
CSI.SP: Observing Urban Space by Maurice Harteveld (25 Feb 2009)Jasper Moelker
The invited lecturer has profound knowledge about the changing characteristics of public and private urban space. The envisioned lecture covers city related topics following a two-folded target. As urban space represents the interface of communication and all investigations it is crucial to bring participants nearer to the concept of it. The second part of the lecture block will deal with the role of urban planning in shaping urban space. With this insight participants whould understand the role of urban space and the formal ways planning it.
A B S T R A C T
Modernity has significantly influenced the branches of human knowledge; architecture has a substantial share in this effect. Modern architecture, in turn, was not a negative recipient to impact, but it was a positive catalyst for decades. Moreover, it did not limit to certain geographic boundaries, but it has spread all over the world and Cyprus was not an exception. Due to most of the Cypriot pioneer architects were studied in Europe; Cyprus was the incubator that has many architectural distinctive pieces of evidence of modern architecture. Perhaps the expert reader of the modern architectural discourse of Cyprus could distinguish numerous aesthetic features in Cyprus Buildings especially the private residences and their appearance is credited back to one of the pioneers of modern architecture; Le Corbusier. The research paper is an attempt to determine the influence of the principles that Le Corbusier claimed as keystones of modern architecture in early twenty century and how impressed on the emergence of aesthetic values of the modern architecture of Cyprus as well. The paper takes two works of Neoptolemos Michaelides, as case study (Neoptolemos Michaelides is considered the father of Cyprus modern architecture). The first case study is his and wife private residence, which considers the icon of the modern residential architecture of Cyprus and the other is the first residential project designed by him Theotodos Kanthos residence.
CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2018) 2(1), 1-12. Doi: 10.25034/ijcua.2017.3651
University of California Press and Society of Architectural H.docxgertrudebellgrove
University of California Press and Society of Architectural Historians are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve
and extend access to Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians.
http://www.jstor.org
Space and Movement in High Baroque City Planning
Author(s): Paul Zucker
Source: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Mar., 1955), pp. 8-13
Published by: on behalf of the University of California Press Society of Architectural
Historians
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SPACE AND MOVEMENT IN
HIGH BAROQUE CITY PLANNING
PAUL ZUCKER
DRAMATIZATION and the suggestion of movement have been
generally accepted as characteristics of the Baroque style
since the publication of Heinrich W6lfflin's Renaissance
and Baroque half a century ago. Numerous authors have
developed this concept further and applied it to painting,
sculpture, and architecture as against the more static con-
cinnitas of the Renaissance.
The space concept of Baroque city planning as it appears
in the shape of Baroque squares, for example, may be com-
pared but not identified with the concept of space in a
painting by Rubens, in a sculpture group by Bernini, or
in the interior of a Baroque church.
The specific spatial elements which characterize Baroque
city planning have hardly been analyzed. Some authors 1
have touched these problems, but even Lavedan in his
comprehensive History of City Planning is as little inter-
ested in them as were Sitte and Unwin.2 This lack of inter-
est might be explained by the impress left by the great
French classicist tradition of the places royales as the
epitome of city planning all over Europe in the 17th and
18th centuries. Hence the other expression of the Baroque
style, the Berninesque trend, receded in the writers' con-
ception of the 17th and 18th centuries.
The meaning of the term Baroque is twofold. H ...
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeAlan Dix
Invited talk at 'offtheCanvas' IndiaHCI prelude, 29th June 2024.
https://www.alandix.com/academic/talks/offtheCanvas-IndiaHCI2024/
The world is being changed fundamentally by AI and we are constantly faced with newspaper headlines about its harmful effects. However, there is also the potential to both ameliorate theses harms and use the new abilities of AI to transform society for the good. Can you make the difference?
You could be a professional graphic designer and still make mistakes. There is always the possibility of human error. On the other hand if you’re not a designer, the chances of making some common graphic design mistakes are even higher. Because you don’t know what you don’t know. That’s where this blog comes in. To make your job easier and help you create better designs, we have put together a list of common graphic design mistakes that you need to avoid.
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
Ideal for homeowners, tech enthusiasts, and industry professionals, this presentation provides valuable insights into the trends, benefits, and future developments in smart garage technology. Stay ahead of the curve with our expert analysis and practical tips on implementing smart garage solutions.
1. Geoffrey Broadbent
Summary Of Selected Chapters Part II (21-38)
(1990). Van Nostrand Reinhold (International) Co. Ltd, London
2. Presentation Info.
University Of Jordan.
College Of Graduate Studies.
Department Of Architecture.
Course Title:
Urban Design And Planning. (0902721).
Course Instructor:
Dr. Magdy Tewfik.
Presented By:
Arch. Abedelrahman I. AlKhattab. (8121088)
Date Of Presentation:
2- Nov.- 2013 - 1st Semester.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
2
3. Index
Overview.
The Logic Of Informal Space.
Medieval Planning 2: European Recovery.
Medieval Planning 3: Irregular.
Medieval Planning In Siena.
Medieval Regularity.
Bastides.
Renaissance Planning – ( Alberti ).
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
3
4. Overview
This important work provides a clear analysis of the nature of many of
today's design problems, identifying their causes in history and
suggesting a basis for coordinated solutions.
The author discusses a spectacular and formal tendencies in modern
architecture, relating them to parallels between philosophic thought and
design theory through the ages. Using a wealth of international examples
from around the world including USA, UK, Italy, Germany and France
and with over 250 photographs and illustrations, emerging concepts in
space design offers a fascinating insight into the history and likely future
directions of Urban Design.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
4
5. The Logic of Informal Space
First point in this chapter is the rules of the gridded cities (Geometric &
Social), then turning to |Hillier and Hanson argument (1984). Talking from a
biological concepts about how we think in spaces and buildings as cells that
is linked, related according to genotypes.
The defined buildings as cells into two types :
Enclosed cell with a boundary consisting a Floor, Walls, (Ceiling or Roof),
Inside, Outside, an Entry, and Threshold, that is enclosed to another cell.
Open cell that is open to sky and defined only by the boundary walls of
whatever closed cells may surround it.
Two ruler for these cells : every cell must be linked each other & should have at
least one open face ( courtyard) for example: Catal Huyuk, Turkey which is the
first city that got this type of rules.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
5
6. The Logic of Informal Space
Open cell
Enclosed cell
Fig. 1.16 Hillier: Random, full-face
aggregation of square cells each
with at least one wall free of other
cells (from Hillier And Hanson,
1984, The Social Logic Of Space,
Cambridge University Press).
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
6
7. The Logic of Informal Space
Hillier and Hanson took a small town in southern France to practice their
proposed rules. And to enumerate its spatial properties that is:
1. Each building fronts directly, with no intervening boundary to hamlet's general
open-space structure.
2. The hamlet's form depend on how the buildings enclosed them.
3. There is one main ring in the complex with a growing number of sub-rings.
4. Each beady ring of spaces is formed between an inner clump of buildings and a
series of outer clumps.
5. The buildings which form the outer ring of clumps provide boundary to the
settlement that gives its finished shape.
6. The buildings are mutually accessible by a definition at least two ways any
building to any other building.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
7
8. The Logic of Informal Space
Fig. 1.17 „G‟, a small town in the Var Region of France showing Hillier's aggregation
in practice (from Hillier And Hanson, 1984, The Social Logic Of Space, Cambridge
University Press).
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
8
9. Medieval Planning (2) European
Recovery :
Reviewing historical events , civilizations (Vikings, Muslims)
that affected the urban form in Europe . How these factors limited the
properties of forming cities, Location, Shape, using new Materials (stone
instead of limber), to defend their own villages.
Comparing different region in Europe that is under the Byzantine like the
Walls Of Constantinople and the Muslims proper castles in Armenia. In that
time a new complex's where found Burgus as a reaction of the region rulers
to built their castles, cathedral, monastery that farmers with their produce
and traders huddled round them for protection. So a city might started as a
town , old roman, cathedral, monastic, or it have started as Burgus round a
castle.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
9
10. Medieval Planning (2) European Recovery :
Fig. 1.18 Walls Of Constantinople
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
10
11. Medieval Planning (2) European Recovery :
After (1096) the Christians of northern Europe were emboldened to embark on
the first crusade, to occupy the holy land from Muslims. After many crusades the
invasions has been halted, so Europe recovered quickly and began to plan a new
towns outside the walls of their cathedrals and monasteries. Therefore the gates were
a control on cities to levied on everything that passed through till the French
revolution(1789).
Otherwise these walls and gates creates a feeling of unity between the citizens in
the city. Once individual ( Burgage ) plots had been set out within the new town they
would be made available to all comers on a first come and first served basis. Each
burgage holder was required to build a house on his plot. And on the 11th century
there was a real commercial revival centered in Venice between northern Europe,
Mediterranean.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
11
12. Medieval Planning (2) European Recovery :
Even though the city may have been started a regular plan it have
continued in irregular lines, according to location of the markets in it.
Many cities as King‟s Lynn, Oxford and other, planned so that street
frontages were occupied by several shops but with a single large
residence behind them.
As the merchants became rich hey built walls or pallisades, which
meant that others had to start new faubourgs outside theirs. Thus the
cities in Europe concentric, irregular loops. Like Hillier “ Clouds Of
Midges” but on a very large scale .
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
12
13. Medieval Planning (2) European Recovery :
Fig. 1.19 Oxfords: Tackly‟s Inn. Late 13th Or Early 14th Century.
Reconstruction By A. W. Pantin ( From Platt, 1976)
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
13
14. Medieval Planning (2) European Recovery :
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
14
15. Medieval Planning (2) European Recovery :
Fig. 1.21 medieval Paris (early 17th century print) (from Hiorns, 1956)
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
15
16. Medieval Planning (3) Irregular.
Why so many medieval cities were irregular?
According to many factors like :
1.The nature of the sites on which they were built.
2.The defensive purposes.
3.Influences from Muslims and others.
Even though to fix this situation many Europe cities began to stream
regulation to clarify the land formation, buildings, materials, shapes, forms
and height to develop the medieval city. Further they tried to public records as
Saalman suggested. At this point urban planning some how began to
crystallized as shown in city of Siena
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
16
17. Medieval Planning In Siena
The city of Siena clustered around the castle of Vecchio, with a Y-shaped
formation as a three main roads( axes of growth): the Vit Di Citta, the Banchi
Di Sopra and the Banchi Di Sotta. Later on these three axes turned into three
main gates of the city walls: the Port San Marco to the south-west, Camnolia
to the north-west, and Romana to the south-east.
The last two created a Scallop-shell form space that the buildings surround
it to become later on the Campo. As for the Campo itself Like many of the
world‟s great urban spaces it is surrounded by buildings which themselves all
distinguished. The city were built from stone or bricks with open courtyards
and towers.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
17
18. Medieval Planning In Siena
Siena plan
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
18
19. Medieval Planning In Siena
The Campo plan
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
19
20. Medieval Regularity
We tend to thin that the medieval planning was irregular, But that was no
means always the case, Medieval drawings exist of regular geometric planning
for example the abbey of St. Gall. Horn and born have analyzed the plans of it
and got a lot of details, grids, drainage system, and their work were
summarized by Lorna Price (1982).
So even in the darkest ages the monasteries were built, and continued to be
built, in enormous numbers, And according to location they provided the seeds
which many medieval cities grew from.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
20
21. Medieval Regularity
Fig. 1.26 Monastery Of St. Gall : plan (c.820-830 ad) ( from Pric.1982)
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
21
22. Bastides
In the late thirteenth century by the kings of France and the dukes
of Aquitaine, the kings of England, to keep watch over and maintain their common
border. In exchange for the service they were called upon to provide to the
inhabitants, they received extensive rights. they starts to build Bastides (derived
from French word for build “batir”) for example: Montpazier.
So in these Bastides there a new regulations as the gap between two buildings is
10 inches to make fire-stop, the walls got gates in the end of roads, and the rest got
tower to defend the Bastide.
the Bastides took two regular shapes:
1.
The rectangular shape like Montpazier.
2.
The circular shape Montsegur.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
22
23. Bastides
Montpazier, an English Bastide, was founded in 1284 by Edward I. Its layout is particularly
curious. Three longitudinal and four intersecting roads cut the town into right angles. The
houses are organized with a cellular uniformity, and are separated by narrow alleyways of
equal dimensions. At the center is the church and large square surrounded by houses.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
23
24. Renaissance Planning – ( Alberti )
Curiously enough, the most coherent advocate of medieval irregular
planning was the first great architectural theorist of the Renaissance, Leone
Battista Alberti.
As Vitruvius before him, Alberti is concerned in location of the city, the spaces
between building (streets wide), the straightness of lines (street shape), and
how those factors affect the healthiness and happiness level. He assumes that
the city will be walled, with battlement, towers, Cornish's, and gates.
Alberti as Vitruvius has an idea how the city image will be by proposing the
center, the heights of buildings, the wide of streets, and the grid which will use
in creating the city elements as symmetrical in themselves.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
24
25. Renaissance Planning – ( Alberti )
Filarete inscribed the imaginary city of Sforzinda within an eight-pointed star of
walls within a circular moat, which formed the blueprint of the city. This plan was
the first of many ideal star-shaped city plans that was the opposite of the crowded,
irrational areas of the typical medieval city. In his work, Filarete compares the ideal
city to a human body when proposing that it should function “like a communal
organism.” The architect further theorized that its buildings not only had to be
designed to respond to the desires and needs of its citizens and government, but that
also had to be constructed adhering to three central values: permanence, beauty, and
utility.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
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26. Renaissance Planning – ( Alberti )
Fig. 1.30 Scamozzi, Palmanova (C.1593). Plan Showing Defenses In 1713. Third
International Exhibition Of Architecture, Biennale Di Venezia, 1985, Electra Editrice.
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
26
27. Palmanova is a city in Italy
constructed during the
renaissance and it is a city
built following the ideals of
a utopia. It is a concentric
city with the form of a star,
with three nine sided ring
roads intersecting in the
main military radiating
streets. It was built at the end
of the 16th century by the
Venetian Republic which
was, at the time, a major
center of trade. It is actually
considered to be a fort,
or citadel as protection
Broadbent, Geoffrey (1990). Emerging Concepts in Urban Space Design
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