The document discusses remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) to monitor heart rate and blood pressure using videos taken with a smartphone or laptop camera. rPPG uses minor color changes in the skin detected by the camera from blood flow, which are imperceptible to the eye. The system extracts the rPPG signal and uses it to detect fiducial points in the signal. It then extracts statistical, curve width, frequency domain and fiducial point features. Principal component analysis is applied to reduce the number of frequency domain and curve width features before classifying them using a support vector machine to estimate health metrics through a cross-platform application.
IRJET- Smartphone based Blood Pressure Estimation using CART and PPGIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on estimating blood pressure using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals collected from smartphone cameras. The study uses a classification and regression tree (CART) model trained on PPG attributes from a public dataset to predict systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It finds that the CART model achieves acceptable accuracy for blood pressure estimation. The document provides background on PPG and CART, describes the study's methodology for collecting PPG signals from smartphone cameras and building the CART model, and discusses the study's limitations and opportunities for future work.
IRJET - Touch-Less Heartbeat Detection and Cardiopulmonary ModelingIRJET Journal
This document presents a touchless method for detecting heartbeats and modeling cardiopulmonary signals using video recordings. The method uses chrominance modeling and facial landmark detection to isolate the best region of interest for extracting pulse signals without contact. It was tested on 26 subjects during rest and activity and achieved 95% accuracy for beat detection at rest and 92% during activity. The mean error in measured heart rate was low at +0.04 bpm at rest and +0.01 bpm during activity compared to ECG measurements. The method provides a contactless way to remotely monitor vital signs like heart and respiration rates.
IRJET- Heart Beat Based Security System Using Sampling TechniqueIRJET Journal
This document presents a heart beat-based security system that uses the unique heart beat pattern of individuals to generate a security key for authentication. It describes a system that measures a user's heart beat signal using a photoplethysmography sensor. The signal is amplified, filtered, and converted to a digital signal through sampling. Key features are extracted from the signal patterns and converted to a grey code format for use as a security key. The system displays the measured heart rate and authenticates users by comparing it to the security key. If a match is found, access is granted, and if not an OTP is sent to the user's registered number. The document discusses the advantages of this biometric-based approach and outlines potential applications
Parkinson Hand-Tremor Recognition Using CNN+LSTM : A Brief ReviewIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses techniques for recognizing hand tremors in Parkinson's disease patients from videos using CNN+LSTM models as a non-invasive alternative to sensors.
2) It reviews literature on hand tremor frequency estimation methods including Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches and finds Eulerian methods more accurate.
3) It also summarizes other works using mobile phones and computer vision to detect tremors and assess Parkinson's symptoms from facial expressions to enable remote monitoring and diagnosis.
Pulse Rate Monitoring Using Image ProcessingIRJET Journal
This paper presents a real-time heart rate monitoring system using video from a webcam. It extracts the heart rate from variations in facial skin color caused by blood circulation. Three signal processing methods - Fast Fourier Transform, Independent Component Analysis, and Principal Component Analysis - are applied to color channels in the video to extract the blood volume pulse. The extracted heart rate is then compared to a reference rate. Results show there is a high degree of agreement between the proposed method and the reference readings, indicating this non-contact technique has potential for use in personal healthcare and telemedicine applications.
Analysis of minimum face video duration and the effect of video compression t...journalBEEI
Heart rate (HR) is one of important indicator for human physiological diagnosis, and camera can be used to detect it via photoplethysmograph (PPG) signal extraction. In doing so, number of sample images required to measure the HR signal, and quality of the images itself are important to yield an accurate reading. This paper tackles such an issue by analyzing the effect of sampling interval to HR reading in compressed and original video format, obtained in various ranging locations. Technically, important facial points from video stream were estimated by using cascade regression facial tracker. Based on the facial points, region of interest (ROI) was constructed where non-rigid movement is minimal. Next, PPG signal was extracted by calculating the average value of green pixel intensity from the ROI. Following that, illumination variation was separated from the signal via independent component analysis (ICA). The PPG signal was further processed using series of signal filtering techniques to exclude frequencies beyond range of interest prior estimate the HR. From the experiment it can be observed that sampling time of 2 seconds in uncompressed video shows promising HR within the range of 1 to 5 meters.
IRJET- Biometric Scanner using Compressed SensingIRJET Journal
This document discusses using compressed sensing to reduce the amount of data collected by biometric scanners. Compressed sensing aims to directly measure a signal in a way that collects only the essential data needed to reconstruct it, rather than first fully sampling and then compressing. The document proposes applying this to biometric scanners to reduce processing time, storage needs, and resources required. It presents a system using compressed sensing to initially store less fingerprint data in a database. Simulation results show the fingerprint can be accurately reconstructed from as few as 750 samples using compressed sensing, rather than the full 10,000 samples, demonstrating the efficiency of this approach.
Non-Contact Health Monitoring System Using Image and Signal ProcessingAtul Kumar Sharma
Presently digital medical devices promise to transform the future of medicine because of their ability to produce exquisitely detailed individual physiological data. As ordinary people start to have access and control over their own physiological data so that they can play a more active role in the management of their health. Currently many techniques are available for counting our heartbeat but it all needs bundles of sensors and wires. For heartbeat measurement using Electrocardiograph(ECG) method, we have to attach a bundle of leads in our chest and have to use adhesive gel. It is very difficult to patients and it can cause irritation to the skin. Another type is pulse oximeters and sensors, in this method sensors are attached to the finger tips or earlobes. This is also difficult for user.
In case of "Non-contact health monitoring system using image and signal processing" which gives contact free measurement about our physiological information using basic image processing devices. Users have the experience of real time health monitoring by just looking into "medical mirror". It recognizes our heartbeat without any external or internal sensor and displays it in real time. This invention helps people to access their own physiological data.
IRJET- Smartphone based Blood Pressure Estimation using CART and PPGIRJET Journal
This document presents a study on estimating blood pressure using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals collected from smartphone cameras. The study uses a classification and regression tree (CART) model trained on PPG attributes from a public dataset to predict systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It finds that the CART model achieves acceptable accuracy for blood pressure estimation. The document provides background on PPG and CART, describes the study's methodology for collecting PPG signals from smartphone cameras and building the CART model, and discusses the study's limitations and opportunities for future work.
IRJET - Touch-Less Heartbeat Detection and Cardiopulmonary ModelingIRJET Journal
This document presents a touchless method for detecting heartbeats and modeling cardiopulmonary signals using video recordings. The method uses chrominance modeling and facial landmark detection to isolate the best region of interest for extracting pulse signals without contact. It was tested on 26 subjects during rest and activity and achieved 95% accuracy for beat detection at rest and 92% during activity. The mean error in measured heart rate was low at +0.04 bpm at rest and +0.01 bpm during activity compared to ECG measurements. The method provides a contactless way to remotely monitor vital signs like heart and respiration rates.
IRJET- Heart Beat Based Security System Using Sampling TechniqueIRJET Journal
This document presents a heart beat-based security system that uses the unique heart beat pattern of individuals to generate a security key for authentication. It describes a system that measures a user's heart beat signal using a photoplethysmography sensor. The signal is amplified, filtered, and converted to a digital signal through sampling. Key features are extracted from the signal patterns and converted to a grey code format for use as a security key. The system displays the measured heart rate and authenticates users by comparing it to the security key. If a match is found, access is granted, and if not an OTP is sent to the user's registered number. The document discusses the advantages of this biometric-based approach and outlines potential applications
Parkinson Hand-Tremor Recognition Using CNN+LSTM : A Brief ReviewIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses techniques for recognizing hand tremors in Parkinson's disease patients from videos using CNN+LSTM models as a non-invasive alternative to sensors.
2) It reviews literature on hand tremor frequency estimation methods including Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches and finds Eulerian methods more accurate.
3) It also summarizes other works using mobile phones and computer vision to detect tremors and assess Parkinson's symptoms from facial expressions to enable remote monitoring and diagnosis.
Pulse Rate Monitoring Using Image ProcessingIRJET Journal
This paper presents a real-time heart rate monitoring system using video from a webcam. It extracts the heart rate from variations in facial skin color caused by blood circulation. Three signal processing methods - Fast Fourier Transform, Independent Component Analysis, and Principal Component Analysis - are applied to color channels in the video to extract the blood volume pulse. The extracted heart rate is then compared to a reference rate. Results show there is a high degree of agreement between the proposed method and the reference readings, indicating this non-contact technique has potential for use in personal healthcare and telemedicine applications.
Analysis of minimum face video duration and the effect of video compression t...journalBEEI
Heart rate (HR) is one of important indicator for human physiological diagnosis, and camera can be used to detect it via photoplethysmograph (PPG) signal extraction. In doing so, number of sample images required to measure the HR signal, and quality of the images itself are important to yield an accurate reading. This paper tackles such an issue by analyzing the effect of sampling interval to HR reading in compressed and original video format, obtained in various ranging locations. Technically, important facial points from video stream were estimated by using cascade regression facial tracker. Based on the facial points, region of interest (ROI) was constructed where non-rigid movement is minimal. Next, PPG signal was extracted by calculating the average value of green pixel intensity from the ROI. Following that, illumination variation was separated from the signal via independent component analysis (ICA). The PPG signal was further processed using series of signal filtering techniques to exclude frequencies beyond range of interest prior estimate the HR. From the experiment it can be observed that sampling time of 2 seconds in uncompressed video shows promising HR within the range of 1 to 5 meters.
IRJET- Biometric Scanner using Compressed SensingIRJET Journal
This document discusses using compressed sensing to reduce the amount of data collected by biometric scanners. Compressed sensing aims to directly measure a signal in a way that collects only the essential data needed to reconstruct it, rather than first fully sampling and then compressing. The document proposes applying this to biometric scanners to reduce processing time, storage needs, and resources required. It presents a system using compressed sensing to initially store less fingerprint data in a database. Simulation results show the fingerprint can be accurately reconstructed from as few as 750 samples using compressed sensing, rather than the full 10,000 samples, demonstrating the efficiency of this approach.
Non-Contact Health Monitoring System Using Image and Signal ProcessingAtul Kumar Sharma
Presently digital medical devices promise to transform the future of medicine because of their ability to produce exquisitely detailed individual physiological data. As ordinary people start to have access and control over their own physiological data so that they can play a more active role in the management of their health. Currently many techniques are available for counting our heartbeat but it all needs bundles of sensors and wires. For heartbeat measurement using Electrocardiograph(ECG) method, we have to attach a bundle of leads in our chest and have to use adhesive gel. It is very difficult to patients and it can cause irritation to the skin. Another type is pulse oximeters and sensors, in this method sensors are attached to the finger tips or earlobes. This is also difficult for user.
In case of "Non-contact health monitoring system using image and signal processing" which gives contact free measurement about our physiological information using basic image processing devices. Users have the experience of real time health monitoring by just looking into "medical mirror". It recognizes our heartbeat without any external or internal sensor and displays it in real time. This invention helps people to access their own physiological data.
Photoplethysmogram signal reconstruction through integrated compression sensi...IAESIJAI
The transmission of photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals in real-time is extremely challenging and facilitates the use of an internet of things (IoT) environment for healthcare- monitoring. This paper proposes an approach for PPG signal reconstruction through integrated compression sensing and basis function aware shallow learning (CSBSL). Integrated-CSBSL approach for combined compression of PPG signals via multiple channels thereby improving the reconstruction accuracy for the PPG signals essential in healthcare monitoring. An optimal basis function aware shallow learning procedure is employed on PPG signals with prior initialization; this is further fine-tuned by utilizing the knowledge of various other channels, which exploit the further sparsity of the PPG signals. The proposed method for learning combined with PPG signals retains the knowledge of spatial and temporal correlation. The proposed Integrated-CSBSL approach consists of two steps, in the first step the shallow learning based on basis function is carried out through training the PPG signals. The proposed method is evaluated using multichannel PPG signal reconstruction, which potentially benefits clinical applications through PPG monitoring and diagnosis.
Motion artifacts reduction in cardiac pulse signal acquired from video imaging IJECEIAES
This study examines the possibility of remotely measuring the cardiac pulse activity of a patient, which could be an alternative technique to the classical method. This type of measurement is non-invasive. However, several limitations may deteriorate the accuracy of the results, including changes in ambient illumination, motion artifacts (MA) and other interferences that may occur through video recording. The paper in hand presents a new approach as a remedy for the aforementioned problem in cardiac pulse signals extracted from facial video recordings. Partitioning provides the basis for the presented MA reduction method; the acquired signals are partitioned into two sets for each second and every partition is shifted to the mean level and then all the partitions are recombined again into one signal, which is followed by low-pass filtering for enhancement. The proposed compared with ordinary pulse oximetry Photoplethysmographic (PPG) method. The resulted correlation coefficient was found (0.957) when calculated between the results of the proposed method and the ordinary one. Experiments were implemented using a common camera by creating a dataset from 11 subjects. The ease of implementation of this method with a simple that can be used to monitor the cardiac pulse rates in both home and the clinical environments.
Remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) using RGB Camera using Peak Detection Algo...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes several research papers on remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) using RGB camera images to measure heart rate variability (HRV) without contact. It discusses using rPPG to extract pulse signals from videos of human faces to estimate heart rate and HRV. Methods described include selecting regions of interest, reducing motion artifacts, separating pulse signals from noise, and combining signals from multiple regions. The document evaluates these rPPG techniques compared to traditional contact methods and their potential for applications like monitoring drivers' vital signs.
Raspberry PI Based Paralyze Attack Rehabilitation SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed Raspberry Pi-based system to help rehabilitate patients who have suffered from paralysis due to a stroke. The system uses EMG sensors placed on the patient's hand to detect muscle activity signals, which are amplified and sent to a Raspberry Pi. The Pi uses neuro-fuzzy techniques to analyze the signals and determine what movement the patient intends to make. It then sends commands to a servo motor controlled prosthetic hand to mimic the intended movement. The goal is to provide an affordable system to help patients regain mobility in their hands through rehabilitation exercises.
Driver Drowsiness Monitoring System Using Visual Signals and Embedded SystemIRJET Journal
The document describes a driver drowsiness monitoring system using visual signals and embedded systems. The system uses sensors like a camera, fingerprint sensor, and health sensors equipped on a car dashboard. It detects drowsiness through analyzing facial features like eye blinking, yawning, and health parameters. When drowsiness is detected, it alerts the driver using vibration, brake light blinking, and sound. The system was implemented using image processing and deep learning techniques to accurately detect drowsiness under various lighting conditions. This aims to reduce accidents caused by drowsy driving.
Video / Image Processing ( ITS / Task 5 ) done by Wael Saad Hameedi / P71062Wael Alawsey
This document discusses video and image processing. It begins by defining image processing as the conversion of images to digital form to perform operations like enhancement. The main purposes and types of image processing are then outlined. Applications of video/image processing discussed include intelligent transportation systems, remote sensing, object tracking, defense surveillance, biomedical imaging, and automatic visual inspection systems. Pixel analysis and its relationship to image resolution is also explained. The document concludes by discussing the use of CCTV cameras in traffic management centers to monitor traffic conditions and incidents.
Smart Healthcare Monitoring and Tracking SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on a smart healthcare monitoring and tracking system. The system uses sensors to measure a patient's heartbeat and temperature. It sends alerts by SMS to a doctor if readings are abnormal, including the patient's location from a GPS module. A web application displays the readings on a map and lists nearby doctors, finding the closest using an algorithm. The system was tested and successfully sent alerts to doctors and displayed information to patients.
This document describes a project to develop a stress detection system using Arduino. The system would measure stress levels through physiological sensors like heart rate, skin temperature, and galvanic skin response. It aims to address gaps in existing stress detection apps and create a more beneficial system for patients and healthcare providers. The document outlines the implementation plan, including the sensors and hardware that would be used, and presents results from testing the system. It was found that physiological signals can accurately detect stress levels and the system has the potential to help people better manage their stress.
IRJET- Smart Authentication System for AirportIRJET Journal
1. The document describes a smart authentication system for airports that uses a PIR sensor, camera, computer system, and image processing to detect intruders.
2. When a PIR sensor detects motion, it signals the computer system to activate the camera to capture an image. The image is then compared to images in a database using LBPH and HOG algorithms for face recognition.
3. If the image matches one in the database, information about that person is sent to the owner by email. If it doesn't match, only the image and timestamp are sent. The system was tested on 20 images in a database and achieved an average efficiency of 97.8%.
IRJET- Patient’s Health Parameters Monitoring through IoTIRJET Journal
The document proposes a system to monitor patients' basic health parameters like temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure using sensors connected to a Raspberry Pi that transmits the data to the cloud, allowing doctors to monitor patients remotely; the system is meant to allow patients to avoid prolonged hospital stays and reduce costs. If a patient's readings exceed thresholds, an alarm will notify caregivers of an emergency.
This paper proposes a novel touchless approach to estimate blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) using video of a person's face. Existing methods use wearable sensors that can be bulky and require medical assistance, limiting continuous monitoring. The proposed method extracts photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals from facial video using principal component analysis. It then analyzes time and frequency domain parameters of the PPG signal to estimate systolic, diastolic BP and HR. The accuracy of the estimates is evaluated against measurements from a clinically approved BP monitor. Results show the touchless method could enable continuous hypertension monitoring without sensors or medical supervision.
IRJET- A New Strategy to Detect Lung Cancer on CT ImagesIRJET Journal
This document presents a new strategy for detecting lung cancer on CT images using image processing techniques. It involves acquiring CT scan images, preprocessing the images through techniques like grayscale conversion and Gabor filtering, segmenting the images using adaptive thresholding, extracting regions of interest through feature extraction methods like GLCM, and classifying images as cancerous or normal using support vector machines (SVM) and backpropagation neural networks (BPNN). The methodology achieves 96.32% accuracy for SVM and 83.07% accuracy for BPNN in detecting lung cancer from CT images.
A Survey on Non-Contact Heart Rate Estimation from Facial VideoBRNSSPublicationHubI
This document reviews methods for estimating heart rate from facial videos without contact. It summarizes several public datasets used to evaluate these non-contact heart rate estimation methods. It also reviews the key parameters in heart rate estimation systems from facial video, including the type of video camera used, color spaces and channels analyzed, and regions of interest on the face. The document finds that while early methods worked in controlled settings, more recent studies have achieved promising accuracy under realistic conditions using more complex approaches.
IRJET- Review Paper on Patient Health Monitoring System using Can ProtocolIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on a patient health monitoring system using CAN protocol. The system measures the heart rate and body temperature of one or more patients at a time using sensors connected to a microcontroller. It sends the measured data over a CAN bus to a receiving node, which then transmits the data serially to be displayed on a single monitor. This allows doctors to remotely monitor multiple patients' vital signs from one location in real-time. The system aims to reduce monitoring time and increase flexibility for doctors compared to traditional monitoring methods.
Heartbeat Rate Measurement from Facial VideoIRJET Journal
This document proposes a method to measure heartbeat rate from facial videos using computer vision techniques. It involves detecting the face, tracking facial landmarks over time, analyzing trajectories of landmarks like the mouth and eyebrows, removing noise using PCA, and calculating heart rate from peak frequencies in the signal. The method aims to provide a convenient non-contact way to measure heart rate compared to traditional ECG methods. It was tested on publicly available datasets and shown to achieve accurate results comparable to ECG. The proposed approach could be useful for applications in healthcare, fitness tracking, and more.
IRJET- A Non Uniformity Process using High Picture Range QualityIRJET Journal
This document discusses image compression techniques using high picture quality. It proposes a non-uniformity process that can compress entire images and videos to low storage space while maintaining high quality. The process dynamically selects images for compression based on their properties. It implements encoding and decoding algorithms with quantization to reconstruct compressed data efficiently while fully compressing videos and images. This achieves high coding efficiency and reduces storage requirements for images and videos.
This document describes a smart and low-cost surveillance system using a Raspberry Pi, USB camera, PIR sensor, and motion detection algorithm. The system is designed for highly secured areas and overcomes issues with traditional CCTV like high storage requirements and 24/7 monitoring needs. When motion is detected by the PIR sensor or camera, the system sends a short link to the user's phone to view the live video stream. It also saves images for review and uses motion detection to only store images where motion occurred, reducing storage needs. The system is intended to provide a secure, affordable, and efficient surveillance solution.
A Survey on Ultrasound Beamforming StrategiesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes different strategies for ultrasound beamforming. Beamforming is the crucial step in ultrasound imaging where sound waves are focused on a specific point or area. The strategies are different in aspects like the type of signals used, imaging region size, time and computational costs. Several strategies are discussed including plane wave beamforming using the Fourier transform, software-based beamforming using data compression techniques, and FPGA-based modular digital beamforming. Beamforming strategies also differ in image resolution, information loss, and ability to reduce clutter from unwanted signals. Strict timing architectures can guarantee timing coherence for applications like ultrasound beamforming.
IRJET - Real Time Muscle Fatigue Monitoring using IoT Cloud ComputingIRJET Journal
This document describes a real-time muscle fatigue monitoring system using IoT cloud computing. Surface electromyography is used to acquire electromyography signals from muscles during isotonic contraction using a sensor. The signals are preprocessed on a Wemos D1 mini board and sent to an IoT cloud for further processing. In the cloud, time-frequency analysis is performed to extract features like median frequency and mean frequency over time. A decrease in these frequencies indicates muscle fatigue. The results are displayed on a mobile app interface for users and healthcare professionals to monitor fatigue in real-time. The system aims to provide a low-cost, non-invasive way to monitor muscle fatigue using IoT technologies.
This document discusses how IoT can be used in healthcare through real-time patient monitoring using body sensor networks. Sensors can collect patient vital sign data like temperature, pulse rate, blood pressure, and ECG and transmit it wirelessly via technologies like Zigbee, Z-Wave and Lifi to a central monitoring system. The data is analyzed using LabVIEW software which generates a URL allowing authorized users to access the information from anywhere. This remote patient monitoring system allows for improved healthcare access and quality of life by reducing the need for constant physician supervision and manual data collection.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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This document proposes a method to measure heartbeat rate from facial videos using computer vision techniques. It involves detecting the face, tracking facial landmarks over time, analyzing trajectories of landmarks like the mouth and eyebrows, removing noise using PCA, and calculating heart rate from peak frequencies in the signal. The method aims to provide a convenient non-contact way to measure heart rate compared to traditional ECG methods. It was tested on publicly available datasets and shown to achieve accurate results comparable to ECG. The proposed approach could be useful for applications in healthcare, fitness tracking, and more.
IRJET- A Non Uniformity Process using High Picture Range QualityIRJET Journal
This document discusses image compression techniques using high picture quality. It proposes a non-uniformity process that can compress entire images and videos to low storage space while maintaining high quality. The process dynamically selects images for compression based on their properties. It implements encoding and decoding algorithms with quantization to reconstruct compressed data efficiently while fully compressing videos and images. This achieves high coding efficiency and reduces storage requirements for images and videos.
This document describes a smart and low-cost surveillance system using a Raspberry Pi, USB camera, PIR sensor, and motion detection algorithm. The system is designed for highly secured areas and overcomes issues with traditional CCTV like high storage requirements and 24/7 monitoring needs. When motion is detected by the PIR sensor or camera, the system sends a short link to the user's phone to view the live video stream. It also saves images for review and uses motion detection to only store images where motion occurred, reducing storage needs. The system is intended to provide a secure, affordable, and efficient surveillance solution.
A Survey on Ultrasound Beamforming StrategiesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes different strategies for ultrasound beamforming. Beamforming is the crucial step in ultrasound imaging where sound waves are focused on a specific point or area. The strategies are different in aspects like the type of signals used, imaging region size, time and computational costs. Several strategies are discussed including plane wave beamforming using the Fourier transform, software-based beamforming using data compression techniques, and FPGA-based modular digital beamforming. Beamforming strategies also differ in image resolution, information loss, and ability to reduce clutter from unwanted signals. Strict timing architectures can guarantee timing coherence for applications like ultrasound beamforming.
IRJET - Real Time Muscle Fatigue Monitoring using IoT Cloud ComputingIRJET Journal
This document describes a real-time muscle fatigue monitoring system using IoT cloud computing. Surface electromyography is used to acquire electromyography signals from muscles during isotonic contraction using a sensor. The signals are preprocessed on a Wemos D1 mini board and sent to an IoT cloud for further processing. In the cloud, time-frequency analysis is performed to extract features like median frequency and mean frequency over time. A decrease in these frequencies indicates muscle fatigue. The results are displayed on a mobile app interface for users and healthcare professionals to monitor fatigue in real-time. The system aims to provide a low-cost, non-invasive way to monitor muscle fatigue using IoT technologies.
This document discusses how IoT can be used in healthcare through real-time patient monitoring using body sensor networks. Sensors can collect patient vital sign data like temperature, pulse rate, blood pressure, and ECG and transmit it wirelessly via technologies like Zigbee, Z-Wave and Lifi to a central monitoring system. The data is analyzed using LabVIEW software which generates a URL allowing authorized users to access the information from anywhere. This remote patient monitoring system allows for improved healthcare access and quality of life by reducing the need for constant physician supervision and manual data collection.
Similar to Cross-platform Remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) based Heart's Vital Signs Monitoring (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.