The Corona virus pandemic has costed a lot of lives through out the world.
Here are some in formations about what is known so far.
It includes cause, Spread, Signs and Symptoms.
it also has the ongoing myths about corona virus.
In this PowerPoint presentation you can get data about every aspect of COVID-19 disease.I gave every minute important detail in short form so that you can easily get that. Coronavirus disease spread globally and WHO called it as a Pandemic Disease on March 11,2020. in India it is on stage 2,please its my request to everyone stay at Home..Don't Go outside...Government provide everything which is of daily use...Don't Panic...Stay Safe..Stay At Home...Quarantine yourself for somedays.
Rekha Dehariya (M.Sc nursing 1st year) Bhopal Nursing College, Bhopal
Covid -19 has effected broud number of people all over the world. the health education is necessary to aware people about it.
This is a presentation for all the people who are unaware about COVID-19.
COVID-19 = Corona Virus Disease 2019. Please like and share my presentation.
Presentation by:-
C. S. Nelson
VI - E
D.A.V Boys Senior Secondary School.
D.A.V Group of School.
Novel corona virus (COVID-19) its cause, symptoms and treatmentMedical Knowledge
In this SlideShare, you can learn about the pandemic Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) and also seek knowledge about,
1. What is Coronavirus?
2. Types of the Coronavirus.
3. Transmission of Coronavirus.
4. Prevention of Coronavirus.
5. Treatment of Coronavirus.
6. Diet in Coronavirus.
7. Symptoms of Coronavirus.
8. How Coronavirus get its name?
9. What is MERS_COVID & SARS_COVID?
To download the PowerPoint of this click below:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1s35dGMbsaO8WT2RG8NudOBc4lF2u5JXyH0MVQWpiaXk
To view the video tutorial click below:
https://youtu.be/sKVFN250l_Q
COVID-19 : Introduction,Nomenclature,Incubation Period,Structure,Symptoms,Transmission,Flowchart,Diagnosis,Treatment,Drugs under testing,Prevention,Importance of Social Distancing,Effects in Lungs,Effects in Other organs,Replication,Severity,Stages,Comparison,Facts.
In this PowerPoint presentation you can get data about every aspect of COVID-19 disease.I gave every minute important detail in short form so that you can easily get that. Coronavirus disease spread globally and WHO called it as a Pandemic Disease on March 11,2020. in India it is on stage 2,please its my request to everyone stay at Home..Don't Go outside...Government provide everything which is of daily use...Don't Panic...Stay Safe..Stay At Home...Quarantine yourself for somedays.
Rekha Dehariya (M.Sc nursing 1st year) Bhopal Nursing College, Bhopal
Covid -19 has effected broud number of people all over the world. the health education is necessary to aware people about it.
This is a presentation for all the people who are unaware about COVID-19.
COVID-19 = Corona Virus Disease 2019. Please like and share my presentation.
Presentation by:-
C. S. Nelson
VI - E
D.A.V Boys Senior Secondary School.
D.A.V Group of School.
Novel corona virus (COVID-19) its cause, symptoms and treatmentMedical Knowledge
In this SlideShare, you can learn about the pandemic Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) and also seek knowledge about,
1. What is Coronavirus?
2. Types of the Coronavirus.
3. Transmission of Coronavirus.
4. Prevention of Coronavirus.
5. Treatment of Coronavirus.
6. Diet in Coronavirus.
7. Symptoms of Coronavirus.
8. How Coronavirus get its name?
9. What is MERS_COVID & SARS_COVID?
To download the PowerPoint of this click below:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1s35dGMbsaO8WT2RG8NudOBc4lF2u5JXyH0MVQWpiaXk
To view the video tutorial click below:
https://youtu.be/sKVFN250l_Q
COVID-19 : Introduction,Nomenclature,Incubation Period,Structure,Symptoms,Transmission,Flowchart,Diagnosis,Treatment,Drugs under testing,Prevention,Importance of Social Distancing,Effects in Lungs,Effects in Other organs,Replication,Severity,Stages,Comparison,Facts.
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), a strain of coronavirus. The first cases were seen in Wuhan, China in December 2019 before spreading globally. The current outbreak was recognized as a pandemic on 11 March 2020.
The non-specific imaging findings are most commonly of atypical or organizing pneumonia, often with a bilateral, peripheral, and basal predominant distribution. No effective treatment or vaccine exists currently (March 2020).
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Complete information on coronavirus. Introduction, history, symptoms, covid19 structure, S protein of coronavirus, M proteins of coronavirus, spreading variations of coronavirus, vaccines, drugs to control coronavirus.
Coronavirus is the virus which is responsible for causing the disease COVID-19, and it has been declared pandemic by WHO and it is the virus which has been emerged from the bats.
Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can be mild, such as some cases of the common cold, and others that can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.
Its a small presentation about corona virus. Hope you will get an idea about it. Its not detail its just to give an overview of the virus and its mode of transmission. Preventive measures are also discussed.
coronavirus disease (COVID-19),origin,epidemiology,risk factors and causes,mode of transmission,pathophysiology,signs and symptoms,management,comlication,preventive measures
Content : About the Name COVID 19, Coronavirus, Types of coronavirus, How it reached us, precaution, experimental medicine, end of the video research articles from which we collected this information.
Coronaviruses & COVID 19 - Its Morphology, Role, Mechanism of Action, and Tre...Haider Ali Malik
Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses transmitting between animals and people that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV).
COVID-19 is a respiratory illness caused by a newly identified coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2
The current COVID-19 outbreak originated in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. World Health Organization (WHO) has been to characterized the outbreak as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. (WHO Bulletin 2020)
Before March 2020, many people saw pandemics as a thing of the past. Then came COVID-19. Scientists still do not know exactly where the virus that caused it — SARS-CoV-2 — came from, but it soon reached almost every country worldwide. Over 2 years, the virus has evolved, producing several variants. In this Special Feature, we look at the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and ask what lessons scientists have learned.
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), a strain of coronavirus. The first cases were seen in Wuhan, China in December 2019 before spreading globally. The current outbreak was recognized as a pandemic on 11 March 2020.
The non-specific imaging findings are most commonly of atypical or organizing pneumonia, often with a bilateral, peripheral, and basal predominant distribution. No effective treatment or vaccine exists currently (March 2020).
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Complete information on coronavirus. Introduction, history, symptoms, covid19 structure, S protein of coronavirus, M proteins of coronavirus, spreading variations of coronavirus, vaccines, drugs to control coronavirus.
Coronavirus is the virus which is responsible for causing the disease COVID-19, and it has been declared pandemic by WHO and it is the virus which has been emerged from the bats.
Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infections that can be mild, such as some cases of the common cold, and others that can be lethal, such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper respiratory tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. There are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections.
Its a small presentation about corona virus. Hope you will get an idea about it. Its not detail its just to give an overview of the virus and its mode of transmission. Preventive measures are also discussed.
coronavirus disease (COVID-19),origin,epidemiology,risk factors and causes,mode of transmission,pathophysiology,signs and symptoms,management,comlication,preventive measures
Content : About the Name COVID 19, Coronavirus, Types of coronavirus, How it reached us, precaution, experimental medicine, end of the video research articles from which we collected this information.
Coronaviruses & COVID 19 - Its Morphology, Role, Mechanism of Action, and Tre...Haider Ali Malik
Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses transmitting between animals and people that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV).
COVID-19 is a respiratory illness caused by a newly identified coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2
The current COVID-19 outbreak originated in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. World Health Organization (WHO) has been to characterized the outbreak as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. (WHO Bulletin 2020)
Before March 2020, many people saw pandemics as a thing of the past. Then came COVID-19. Scientists still do not know exactly where the virus that caused it — SARS-CoV-2 — came from, but it soon reached almost every country worldwide. Over 2 years, the virus has evolved, producing several variants. In this Special Feature, we look at the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and ask what lessons scientists have learned.
PinterestAlthough having two glasses of wine may seem innocuous, experts say some leading brands contain more sugar than recommended. Peter Meade/Getty Images
• Two glasses of some wines contain more than the recommended daily limit of sugar and more calories than a hamburger.
• However, alcohol is exempt from food and drink labeling rules, so consumers are mostly unaware of calorie and sugar loads.
• Health experts are pushing for clear nutritional labeling on alcoholic products to help reduce sugar and alcohol consumption.
The Alcohol Health Alliance UK (AHA), representing over 60 health organizations, recently commissioned an independent laboratory to test 30 bottles of red, rose, white, sparkling, and fruit wines sold in the United Kingdom for sugar content.
The resulting analysis, which appears on the AHA’s website, revealed a “wide variation of sugar and calories between products.”
Before March 2020, many people saw pandemics as a thing of the past. Then came COVID-19. Scientists still do not know exactly where the virus that caused it — SARS-CoV-2 — came from, but it soon reached almost every country worldwide. Over 2 years, the virus has evolved, producing several variants. In this Special Feature, we look at the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and ask what lessons scientists have learned.
PPT describes brief introduction about the coronavirus and covid pandemic. You will get to know about the various classes of Coronavirus and their comparision between them and also the myths regarding this pandemic.
Complete information about Corona virusjyotsnabiswas
As the coronavirus continues to spread across the world, and as more and more people become infected by the Covid-19 disease, it can be difficult to know what to do. Yet many experts suggest that this could be the opportunity to make a real impression. If you believe in being proactive and tend to have a positive attitude in normal life, what opportunities should you be looking for now, when the pressure is on?
corona is a pandemic disease in the world so many people are died because of this disease, it's not coming in a particular structure. it's having a different type of structure . how to prevent this disease maintain social distance, maintain hand hygiene, wear masks .nowady vaccines are available covishield ,covaxin, Pfizer, sputnik vaccine etc...this mainly helpful to prevent the corona
The whole world is under the threatens of respiratory disease caused by infections of coronavirus. The latest threat to global health is the ongoing outbreak of the respiratory disease that was recently given the name Coronavirus Disease This article trying to focus on the current outbreak of and explores the epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, and prevention and control of the novel coronavirus. The aim of this article to provide valid and reliable information and increasing awareness about the COVID 19. Sameer Pawar | Sayali Budhwant | Ketan Shinde | Ashwini Sable "COVID-19: A Scoping Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30567.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/30567/covid19-a-scoping-review/sameer-pawar
Here, I present the recent updates about n-CoV known as " Corona Virus".
History of Corona virus
Introduction of corona virus
Types of corona virus (CoV)
Pathogenesis of nCoV
Diagnosis
treatment
A Brief Review on Covid 19 by Treatment of Ayurvedaijtsrd
In December 2019 in Wuhan, China the pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus SARS CoV 2 is a highly contagious disease. The World Health Organization WHO has declared the current rash as a global public health emergency. Currently, the research on novel coronavirus is immobile in the primary stage. Created on the recent published evidence, In this review systematically summarizes the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of knowledge surrounding COVID 19 also the ayurvedic treatments are placed. In this literature review, the causative agent, pathogenesis and immune responses, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and management of the disease, control and preventions strategies are all reviewed. This review in the anticipation of helping the public effectively recognize and deal with the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS CoV 2 , also providing a reference for future studies. Sneha. H. Salunkhe | Pooja. A. Petkar | Monali Lalge | Nilesh Bhosale "A Brief Review on Covid 19 by Treatment of Ayurveda" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31574.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmacoinformatics/31574/a-brief-review-on-covid-19-by-treatment-of-ayurveda/sneha-h-salunkhe
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
1. Coronavirus
(COVID-19)
“Public Health Emergency Of International Concernexternal Icon” (PHEIC).
By Mr. Isaac Okello Opio (Mycobacteriology Lab)
0778336598 / 0700662434
Isaacokelloopio@gmail.com
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
1
2. Background
Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness
ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such
as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV).
Coronaviruses are zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted
between animals and people.
Several known coronaviruses are circulating in animals that have
not yet infected humans.
A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been
previously identified in humans.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
2
3. Background
The virus has been named “SARS-CoV-2” and the disease it causes
has been named “coronavirus disease 2019” (abbreviated “COVID-
19”), also known as Wuhan coronavirus.
The virus was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China, on 17
November 2019.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that was first reported from
Wuhan, China, on 31 December 2019.
With major outbreaks in mainland China, Italy, South Korea, and
Iran.
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared
the outbreak a pandemic.
(CDC & WHO- Updated March 11, 2020)
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
3
4. Classification Of Coronavirus:
Virus: nCoV-2019
Genus: Betacoronavirus
Subfamily:
Orthocoronavirinae
Family: Coronaviridae
Suborder: Cornidovirineae
Order: Nidovirales
NB: The subfamily of
Orthocoronavirinae further consists of
4 genera which are alpha, beta,
gamma, and delta.
Alpha and Beta coronaviruses only
infect mammals while the gamma and
delta coronaviruses infect birds mainly,
but a few infect mammals as well.
Alpha and beta coronaviruses usually
cause respiratory illness in humans.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
4
5. Classification Of Coronavirus:
There are seven strains
of coronaviruses which are known to
infect humans:
Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-
229E)
Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-
OC43)
Severe acute respiratory
syndrome-related
coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-
NL63, New Haven coronavirus)
Human coronavirus HKU1
The Middle East respiratory syndrome-
related coronavirus (MERS-CoV),
previously known as novel
coronavirus 2012 and HCoV-EMC.
Out of these SARS-CoV and MERS-
CoV, cause a severe respiratory
syndrome in humans.
The other four human
coronaviruses (HCoV-NL63, HCoV-
229E, HCoV-OC43, and HKU1) cause
mild upper respiratory diseases in
immunocompetent hosts,
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
5
6. Morphology OF COV-2
Viruses in the family Coronaviridae are
enveloped, positive-sense, single-
stranded RNA viruses.
It has the largest viral RNA genome.
The virus on its outer surface shows large
club-shaped projections which under an
electron microscope resemble the solar
corona.
An envelope is made up of glycoproteins
which help in the entry of the virus into
the host cells.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
6
9. Transmission Of Coronavirus
The virus has been seen to be transmitted from
person to person among close contact (within about
6 feet).
This mainly occurs by the route of respiratory
droplets formed while an infected person sneezes or
coughs.
These droplets can further be inhaled or consumed
unintentionally via the oral route by healthy
individuals.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
9
10. Transmission Of Coronavirus
Transmission of novel coronavirus to persons from
surfaces contaminated with the virus has not been
documented.
Current evidence suggests that novel coronavirus
may remain viable for hours to days on surfaces
made from a variety of materials.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
10
11. A viral entryway
To infect a human host, viruses must be able to gain
entry into individual human cells.
They use these cells' machinery to produce copies of
themselves, which then spill out and spread to new cells.
A research team led by scientists at the University of
Texas at Austin described the tiny molecular key on
SARS-CoV-2 that gives the virus entry into the cell.
On Feb. 19 in the journal Science-PUBLISHED
This key is called a spike protein, or S-protein.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
11
12. A viral entryway
Researchers led by Qiang Zhou, a research fellow at Westlake
University in Hangzhou, China, have revealed
published their findings in the journal Science on March 4.
how the new virus attaches to a receptor on respiratory cells
called angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, or ACE2.
Thomas Gallagher, a virologist at Loyola University Chicago
"The virus outbreak only began to occur a couple months ago,
and within that short period of time, these authors have come up
with information that I think traditionally takes much longer".
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
12
13. A viral entryway
“Once the S-protein grabs it, the virus can enter the house,"
Liang Tao, a researcher at Westlake University
Zhou and his team used a tool called cryo electron
microscopy
Which employs deeply frozen samples and electron beams
to image the tiniest structures of biological molecules.
The molecular bond between SARS-CoV-2's spike protein
and ACE2 looks fairly similar to the binding pattern of the
coronavirus that caused the outbreak of SARS in 2003.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
13
16. Contn…
There are some differences, however, in the precise amino acids
used to bind SARS-CoV-2 to that ACE2 receptor compared with
the virus that causes SARS
There are other coronaviruses that circulate regularly, causing
upper respiratory infections that most people think of as the
common cold.
Those coronaviruses don't interact with the ACE2 receptor,
Gallagher said, but rather, they get into the body using other
receptors on human cells.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
16
17. Coronavirus structure implications
The structure of SARS-CoV-2's "key" and the body's "lock"
Could theoretically provide a target for antiviral drugs that
would stop the new coronavirus from getting into new cells.
Most antiviral drugs already on the market focus on halting
viral replication within the cell,
"There is no effective clinical drug that will block that
interaction that I know of" that's already in use, he said. `
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
17
18. Treatment Of Person infected with
Coronavirus :
There has been no definitive treatment found against this
virus.
At the moment only symptomatic treatment is being provided.
NB: protease enzyme in the host cell helps the Beta
coronavirus to gain entry into the host cells. (Source: bioRXIV)
Research for using drugs such as protease inhibitors
(lopinavir/ritonavir) has begun in late January.
Many authorities have found anti-virals used in the treatment
of HIV to be effective to some extent.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
18
19. Coronavirus structure implications
The viral spike protein is also a promising target for vaccines, because it's
the part of the virus that interacts with its environment and so could be
easily recognized by the immune system, Gallagher said.
Even so, developing either drugs or a vaccine will be a challenging task.
Treatments and vaccines not only have to prove effective against the
virus, but must also be safe for people, Gallagher said.
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention officials have said that
the earliest a coronavirus vaccine could be available is in a year to a year
and a half.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
19
20. Who is at risk?
Risk of infection with COVID-19 is higher for people who are close contacts of
someone known to have COVID-19. E.g
Healthcare workers
Household members.
Other people at higher risk for infection are
Those who live in or have recently been in an area with ongoing spread of
COVID-19.
WHO RISK ASSESSMENT
China Very High
Regional Level Very High
Global Level Very High
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
20
21. Common signs
Respiratory symptoms
Fever
Cough
Shortness of breath
Breathing difficulties.
In more severe cases,
Infection can cause pneumonia
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Kidney failure and even death.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
21
35. Alcohol sanitizer
Lipid Enveloped Virus"
These particular types of viruses that are lipid enveloped are killed by alcohol
(>60%) by desolving the lipid-layer of the
virus.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
35
36. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Myth busters
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
36
37. COVID-19 virus can be transmitted in
areas with hot and humid climates
From the evidence so far, the COVID-19 virus can be
transmitted in ALL AREAS, including areas with hot and
humid weather. Regardless of climate, adopt protective
measures if you live in, or travel to an area reporting
COVID-19. The best way to protect yourself against
COVID-19 is by frequently cleaning your hands. By
doing this you eliminate viruses that may be on your
hands and avoid infection that could occur by then
touching your eyes, mouth, and nose.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
37
38. Cold weather and snow CANNOT kill the
new coronavirus.
There is no reason to believe that cold weather can kill
the new coronavirus or other diseases. The normal
human body temperature remains around 36.5°C to
37°C, regardless of the external temperature or
weather. The most effective way to protect yourself
against the new coronavirus is by frequently cleaning
your hands with alcohol-based hand rub or washing
them with soap and water.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
38
39. Taking a hot bath does not prevent the
new coronavirus disease
Taking a hot bath will not prevent you from
catching COVID-19. Your normal body
temperature remains around 36.5°C to 37°C,
regardless of the temperature of your bath or
shower. Actually, taking a hot bath with extremely
hot water can be harmful, as it can burn you. The
best way to protect yourself against COVID-19 is
by frequently cleaning your hands. By doing this
you eliminate viruses that may be on your hands
and avoid infection that coud occur by then
touching your eyes, mouth, and nose.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
39
40. The new coronavirus CANNOT be
transmitted through mosquito bites.
To date there has been no information nor
evidence to suggest that the new coronavirus
could be transmitted by mosquitoes. The new
coronavirus is a respiratory virus which spreads
primarily through droplets generated when an
infected person coughs or sneezes, or through
droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose. To
protect yourself, clean your hands frequently with
an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with
soap and water. Also, avoid close contact with
anyone who is coughing and sneezing.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
40
41. Are hand dryers effective in killing the
new coronavirus?
No. Hand dryers are not effective in killing the
2019-nCoV. To protect yourself against the new
coronavirus, you should frequently clean your
hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash
them with soap and water. Once your hands are
cleaned, you should dry them thoroughly by
using paper towels or a warm air dryer.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
41
42. Can an ultraviolet disinfection lamp kill the new
coronavirus?
UV lamps should not be used to sterilize hands or
other areas of skin as UV radiation can cause skin
irritation.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
42
43. How effective are thermal scanners in detecting
people infected with the new coronavirus?
Thermal scanners are effective in detecting people who
have developed a fever (i.e. have a higher than normal
body temperature) because of infection with the new
coronavirus.
However, they cannot detect people who are infected
but are not yet sick with fever. This is because it takes
between 2 and 10 days before people who are infected
become sick and develop a fever.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
43
44. Can spraying alcohol or chlorine all over your
body kill the new coronavirus?
No. Spraying alcohol or chlorine all over your
body will not kill viruses that have already
entered your body. Spraying such substances can
be harmful to clothes or mucous membranes (i.e.
eyes, mouth). Be aware that both alcohol and
chlorine can be useful to disinfect surfaces, but
they need to be used under appropriate
recommendations.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
44
45. Do vaccines against pneumonia protect you
against the new coronavirus?
No. Vaccines against pneumonia, such as
pneumococcal vaccine and Haemophilus influenza type
B (Hib) vaccine, do not provide protection against the
new coronavirus.
The virus is so new and different that it needs its own
vaccine. Researchers are trying to develop a vaccine
against 2019-nCoV, and WHO is supporting their
efforts.
Although these vaccines are not effective against 2019-
nCoV, vaccination against respiratory illnesses is highly
recommended to protect your health.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
45
46. Can regularly rinsing your nose with saline help
prevent infection with the new coronavirus?
No. There is no evidence that regularly rinsing
the nose with saline has protected people
from infection with the new coronavirus.
There is some limited evidence that regularly
rinsing nose with saline can help people
recover more quickly from the common cold.
However, regularly rinsing the nose has not
been shown to prevent respiratory infections.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
46
47. Can eating garlic help prevent infection
with the new coronavirus?
Garlic is a healthy food that may have some
antimicrobial properties. However, there is no
evidence from the current outbreak that eating
garlic has protected people from the new
coronavirus.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
47
48. Are antibiotics effective in preventing and
treating the new coronavirus?
No, antibiotics do not work against viruses, only
bacteria.
The new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a virus and,
therefore, antibiotics should not be used as a means
of prevention or treatment.
However, if you are hospitalized for the 2019-nCoV,
you may receive antibiotics because bacterial co-
infection is possible.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
48
49. Are there any specific medicines to
prevent or treat the new coronavirus?
To date, there is no specific medicine recommended to
prevent or treat the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
However, those infected with the virus should receive
appropriate care to relieve and treat symptoms, and
those with severe illness should receive optimized
supportive care. Some specific treatments are under
investigation, and will be tested through clinical trials.
WHO is helping to accelerate research and
development efforts with a range or partners.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
49
50. Does the new coronavirus affect older people,
or are younger people also susceptible?
People of all ages can be infected by the new
coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Older people, and people
with pre-existing medical conditions (such as asthma,
diabetes, heart disease) appear to be more vulnerable
to becoming severely ill with the virus.
WHO advises people of all ages to take steps to
protect themselves from the virus, for example by
following good hand hygiene and good respiratory
hygiene.
12/11/2020Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
50