Cord blood banking involves collecting and storing the blood from the umbilical cord and placenta after a baby is born. This cord blood contains hematopoietic stem cells that can treat over 80 diseases. The stem cells in cord blood have advantages over bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells, including being younger, more abundant, and less likely to cause graft-versus-host disease after transplantation. Cord blood is collected after delivery, processed to test for infections, and frozen for potential future medical use to treat conditions like cancer, blood disorders, and immune deficiencies.

1. Cord Blood Banking

2. Introduction
• Cord blood also known as placental and
umbilical cord blood is the left over blood
present in the placenta and a section of
umbilical cord after it has been cut after the
birth of the baby.
• Cord blood contains RBCs, WBCs, platelets and
plasma along with blood hematopoietic
(blood-forming) stem cells that are similar to
the ones found in bone marrow

3. What is stem cell?
• The body's "master" cells
• Create all other tissues, organs, and systems in
the body
• The building blocks of your blood and immune
system
• Can replicate into red blood cells, white blood
cells and platelets
• Cord blood stem cells can be classified into two
types: HSCs and MSCs

4. HSCs
• Give rise to all the blood cell types including
myeloid and lymphoid lineages
• Most commonly used to treat Malignancies
Cancers, Blood Disorders, Immuno
deficiencies and Metabolic diseases

5. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
• Have a high potential in differentiating into a variety of
cell types
• Can differentiate into in vitro or in vivo
• Mainly used to treat chronic disease
• Enhance the regeneration of nervous system and restore
damaged tissue and organs
• Shorten the recovery time after transplantation
• Capable of suppressing the effect of Graft Versus Host
Disease

6. Function of HSCs and MSCs

7. Three sources of stem cells
• Bone Marrow
• Peripheral Blood
• Umbilical Cord Blood

8. The Advantages of Cord Blood Stem cells
International literatures
have recorded over 80
diseases have been
treated with cord blood
transplants.

9. Comparison between Cord Blood and
Peripheral Blood and Marrow
Item Cord blood Peripheral blood Bone marrow
Collection
process
Collected from
the placenta and
umbilical cord
after the infant is
separated from
the mother
Collected after
hetopoietic growth
factors are used to
stimulate growth of
the stem cells of the
donor
Collected through
medical operation,
preparation,
extracting about
100 syringes near
the vertebrae of
the donor
Time for the
whole process
10-15 minutes 5-7 days at least 4-6
months
Age of stem
cell
0 year old Same age as the
donor
Same age as the
donor

10. Item Cord blood Peripheral blood Bone marrow
Possibility of being
polluted by the
source of disease
Almost zero Very likely Very likely
Quantity of stem
cell
Highest Lower Medium
Cell expansion
ability outside the
body
Higher Lower Lower
Repulsion of
receiver
Little (no
repulsion in the
case of
autologous
transplantation)
Repulsion is the main
problem after
transplantation
Repulsion is the
main problem
after
transplantation

11. Collection of Cord Blood
• After delivery of the infant and prior to expulsion of the placenta,
double-clamp and cut the umbilical cord.
• Sterilize the proposed needle insertion site of the cord with the
antiseptic prep pad provided. The proposed needle insertion site
should be just above the clamp that remains on the cord.
• Insert the needle of the Collection Bag provided into the cord and
collect as much sample as possible via gravity-flow, aiming to fill the
bag (a minimum of 80 mL is required). The cord will appear empty
and pale when collection is completed.
• Tie two tight knots in the tubing as close to the needle as possible.
• Gently rotate the bag several times to thoroughly mix the cord
blood with the anticoagulant.

12. Treatment of Cord Blood
Collection of cord blood
Add anticoagulant
Test for HIV , HAV,HBV.
Stem cells isolated
Cell viability, count,
potency analysis
Slow freezing at 1
degrees /min till 150
degrees
Transferred to cry
containers.

13. Bio Archive System
• Computer-controlled, robotic liquid
nitrogen cryopreservation and storage
system
• Enables the freezing and managing of
up to 3,623 blood component
samples

15. Current Research
• And scientists are now actively investigating
the possibility that stem cells in cord blood
may even be able to replace cells of other
tissues such as nerve or heart cells

16. Clinical Trials
• Application in clinical trials: Stroke, Pakinsons
Disease, Spinal injury, liver diseases, heart
diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, renal failures, skin
regeneration, etc.

17. Ethical and Moral Issues
• No ethical and moral issues and is a generally
accepted practice because no life is being threatened
or taken away. As the cord blood is of no use to the
baby since it is collected after birth.

18. References
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_cord_blo
od
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell
• http://www.cordblood.com/cord_blood_faqs/cor
d_blood.asp
• http://forum.baby-
kingdom.com/viewthread.php?tid=1103326&extr
a=page%3D1
• http://www.thermogenesis.com/products/bioarc
hive.html
• http://www.cordblood.com/cord_blood_news/m
edia/media_kit/history_of_cordblood_banking.ht
m
• http://www.cordblood-bank.net/history-cord-
blood-banking.htm