4. UMBILICAL CORD
The part of placenta
that delivers nutrients
to a fetus.
It help fetus to survive
during intrauterine
period.
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5. INTRODUCTION
o Cord blood banking involves collecting blood left in
newborn’s umbilical cord and placenta and storing it
for future medical use .
o Cord blood contains potentially lifesaving cells called
STEM CELL.
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7. Stem cell
Stem cell are essentially the building blocks of the
human body .
Stem cell is capable of dividing for long periods of time
, are unspecialized , but can develop into specialized
cells .
• The earliest stem cell inside an embryo will eventually
give rise to every cell , tissue and organ in the fetus’s
body .
When it divides , it can make any one of the different
cells in human body .
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11. Purposes:
o Two main purpose for cord
blood storage :
Donate baby’s cord blood to a public cord blood
banking for anyone who needs its
To store for baby’s cord blood bank for family’s
use .
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13. Syringe method: a syringe is used to draw
blood from the umbilical cord shortly after the
umbilical cord has been cut. The process is similar to
drawing blood for a regular blood test .
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18. Most common method of cord blood is bag method
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19. COLLECTION
Cord blood is collected right after
birth.
The collection process is painless and
safe for both mother and baby .
In fact , it’s so quick and painless that
parents caught up in holding and
bonding with their baby are often
unaware it has even happened .
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20. PROCESS
Clamping and cutting the cord :
After the delivery of the baby whether vaginally
or by C-section , the cord is clamped and then cut in
usual way .
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21. Contd……
Extracting the cord blood :
The medical provider then inserts a needle into
the umbilical vein on the part of the cord that’s still
attached to the placenta . The needle doesn’t go
anywhere near the baby .
The blood drains into a collection bag .
Typically , entire umbilical blood are collected . The
entire process takes less than 5 minutes .
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22. Contd……
Off to the bank :
The blood is transfer to a cord blood bank ,
where it is tested , processed , and cryopreserved
(preserved by controlled freezing) for long-term storage.
Some family cord blood banks now offer to
collect a segment of umbilical cord tissue contains stem
cells , and researchers are studying their possible .
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23. VALUABLE OF CORD
BLOOD
Cord blood is a rich source of blood
stem cells .
Stem cells are the building blocks of
the blood and immune system .
They have the ability to develop into
other types of cells , so they can help
to repair tissue , organs , and blood
vessels and can be used to treat a host
of diseases .
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24. Contd……
Stem cells are also found in bone
marrow, human embryos , fetal tissue
, hair follicles , baby teeth , fat ,
circulating blood , and muscle .
Every part of the human body
contains some stem cells , but most
are not a rich enough source to have
be harvest for therapeutic
applications.
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25. Contd……
In 2012 , 38 % of Haspanic (spanish people in ancient
time )patient and 44% of African American patients
undergoing stem cell transplants received cord blood .
More and more adults are receiving cord blood
transplants , too , sometimes involving two cord blood
donations if a single one doesnot contains enough
cells.
As the end of 2012 , more than 33,900 cord blood units
had been transfer for transplants worldwise .
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26. TREATED DISEASES
Cord blood stem have been used
successfully to treat more than 75
different diseases , inculding:
Some cancers
Blood disorders
Immune deficiencies
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29. Contd……
Cord transplants are also
used to treat rare metabolic
disorder that would otherwise
be fatal for infants .
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30. POSSIBLE FUTURE USES
Studies are under way around the world
to explore new ways of using cord blood ;
Cerebral palsy and autism
Hydrocephalus
Treatment for adults
Animal studies
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31. PARENTS NEED TO
KNOW
The fields of medical research with stem cells is
exploding .
The most important thing for parents to understand
about the stem cells in cord blood , by Frances Verter
(founder and executive director of the nonprofit parent’s
guide to Cord Blood Foundation );
1. Donate the baby’s cord blood to help patients seeking
transplants now or
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32. Contd……
2. Save the baby’s cord blood for the family in case the
need it later , most likely for a therapy that’s still being
studied .
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33. STORAGE
After the collection (entire placenta and cord’s
blood collection should be done) , lab process start
through cryopreserved.
There are many ways to process a cord blood until
, and there are differing opinions on what is the
best ways .
Some processing methods separate out the red
blood cells and remove them , while others keeps
the red blood cells .
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34. Cont.……
However the unit is processed , a cryopreservant is
added to the cord blood to allow the cells to
survive the cryogenic process.
After the unit is slowly cooled to -90oC , it can
then be added to a liquid nitrogen tank which will
keep the cord blood unit frozen at -196oC .
The slow freezing process is important to keep the
cells alive during the freezing process.
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35. Contd……
More than 1 million units of cord blood are stored
in family banks in the United States .
And the national Be the match Registry provides
nearly 1,85,000 donated cord blood units in the
United States , with additional access to more than
4,25,000 cord blood units through partnerships
with international registries .
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36. Contd……
Verter estimates that about 5% of parents now
bank their bank’s cord blood . 90% of that cord
blood goes to family and 10% goes to public banks .
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37. ADVANTAGES
Cord blood stem cells are currently used
o several life-threatening diseases
o blood and immune system related genetic diseases ,
cancer and blood disorder .
Cord blood stem cells can also be used for siblings and
other members of the family who have a matching
tissue type .
Siblings (75% )chance of compatibility , and the cord
blood may even be a match for parents (50%) and
grandfather .
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38. • PUBLIC BANKS
A primary concern with public banking is
how to ensure the safety of the cord blood .
Because of privacy concerns , it is agreed by
most ethical reviews boards that blood
donated to a public bank cannot be
permanently linked to the donor.
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39. PRIVATE BANKS
Private banking is costly to insures and
private parties , averaging .
The ability to use the cord blood may also
depend on long-term commerical viability
of the enterprise .
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40. Contd……
It is important to ensure the credentials of
any potential private bank .
In the United States , the Food and Drugs
Administration regulates cord blood under
the category of “Human Cells , Tissues ,
and Cellular and Tissue Based –Products .
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41. Contd……
The odds that two siblings will have the
6/6 match required for a bone marrow
transplant are 25% .
The odds that two siblings will have the
4/6 match required for a cord blood
transplant are 39 % .
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42. • SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS
oUsing one’s own cord blood cells might
not wise or effective , especially in cases
of childhood cancers and leukemia .
o Children who develop an
immunological disorder often are
unable to use their own cord blood for
transplant because the blood also
contains the same genetic defect .
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43. • USABILITY OF ONE’S OWN
SAMPLE UNKNOWN
oMost cord blood samples up to 75%
may be too small to be used for
transplantation because they don’t
contain enough stem cell .
o While a private bank will store a
sample , the sample may be too small
to be usable , even by a child .
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44. cord blood banking cost
There are usually two fees involved in
cord blood banking;.
The first is the initial fee which covers
enrollment, collection and storage for at
least the first year.
The second is an annual storage fee.
Some facilities vary the initial fee based
upon the length of a predetermined
period of storage.
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45. Contd……
Depending on the predetermined
period of storage, the initial fee can
range from $900 to $2100.
Annual storage fees after the initial
storage fee are approximately $100 .
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46. Contd……
It is common for storage facilities
to offer prepaid plans at a discount
and payment plans to help make
the initial storage a more attractive
option for baby and the family .
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47. AVAILABLE SERVICE IN
NEPAL
Cord blood banking established in Nepal at
2008 A.D .
Cord blood immediately courier at store/lab
in INDIA within 48 hours .
Interested parents should inform the
specialist during 5-7 months of pregnancy ,
need to pay Rs.20,000 then at the time of
delivery need to pay Rs.58,000 ( TOTAL
AMOUNT IN NEPAL FOR CORD BLOOD
BANKING IS Rs.78,000 ) .
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48. AVAILABLE CORD BLOOD
BANKS
COUNTRIES NAME ESTABHLISHED DATE
FLORIDA 1983 A.D
GENEVA 1989 A.D
INDIA 2006 A.D
BANGKOK 2008 A.D
KENYA 2011 A.D
SINGAPORE 2013 A.D
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52. REFERENCES
http/www.wikipedia.com/cord blood banking
CRYOBANKS premier cord blood bank , Cryobanks
International India Pvt.Ltd.
Mrs . Subedi Durga , Midwifery part I , Wanmaya
Publication And Research Center , 1st 2010 March , page
no – 95 – 98
Mr. Pankaj Chawla Professor of cord blood banking
,Gyaneshwor , phone no. : 9802031233
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