This document provides information on various types of material transport equipment, specifically different types of conveyors. It describes chain conveyors, which are used worldwide to transport a variety of bulk materials across many industries. It then details two main types of conveyor chains - hollow bearing pin chain and solid bearing pin chain. The document also provides information on tow line conveyors, trolley conveyors, sorting conveyors, and automated guided vehicle (AGV) systems. It describes the design, operation, applications, and advantages of each type of conveyor system.

1. MATERIAL TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
CONVEYORS

2. CHAIN CONVEYOR
are in operation all over the world in many different
industry sectors handling a huge variety of
bulk materials:-

3. OPERATION
 Foods -
flour, rice, tea, miscellaneous powders,
flakes, granules, pellets
Foods -
flour, rice, tea, miscellaneous powders,
flakes, granules, pellets

4.  Animal Feeds and Cereals -
wheat, barley, oats, corn, oil seeds,
miscellaneous feed ingredients and
products, meals, pellets, flakes

5.  Chemicals and Minerals -
cement, sand, glass cullet, flyash,
limestone, ores, coal, fertilisers,
miscellaneous powders, flakes,
granules, pellet

6. There are two main types of conveyor chain –
hollow bearing pin and solid bearing pin.
Hollow Bearing Pin Chain
 Hollow pin conveyor chain offers the facility for fixing attachments
 to the outer links using bolts through the hollow pin and
 attachment, this method of fixing being suitable for use in most
 normal circumstances. The attachments may be bolted up tight
 or be held in a ‘free’ manner. Bolted attachments should only
 span the outer link as a bolted attachment spanning the inner
 link would impair the free articulation of the chain.

7. Deep Link Chain
 Hollow and solid pin chain has an optional side plate
design
 known as deep link. This chain’s side plates have greater
depth
 than normal, thus providing a continuous carrying edge
above the
 roller periphery

8. Solid Bearing Pin Chain
 Solid bearing pin chain, while having exactly the same
gearing
 dimensions in the BS series of chain as the equivalent
hollow pin
 chain, i.e.pitch, inside width and roller diameter, is more
robust with
 a higher breaking load and is recommended for use
where more
 arduous conditions may be encountered.

9.  The chain conveyors are naturally designed
according to valid norms and regulations, and
delivered with mandatory documentation.
 Furthermore, the chain conveyors can be
delivered in full compliance with the ATEX-
directive.

10. TOW LINE CONVEYOR
 Four-wheel carts powered by moving chains or
cables in trenches in the floor
•Carts use steel pins (or grippers) to project below
floor level and engage the chain (or pulley) for
towing
•This allows the carts to be disengaged from
towline for loading and unloading

11. TOW LINE CONVEYOR CAN:
 REDUCE OPERATION COSTS
 ENHANCE PRODUCTIVITY
 IMPROVE INVENTORY CONTROL
 INCREASE WORK FLOW EFFICIENCY

12. APPLICATION:
 SORTING
 TRANSPORTING
 ORDER PICKING
 AUTOMATIC LOADING/UNLOADING
 STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL
 ASSEMBLY OPERATIONS
 FINISHING

13. SHALLOW-TOW CONVEYOR Towveyor conveyor
-made from heat-treated ,
forged steel
-consists 4 basic part : center,
side,pusher links and a chain
pin
-light-duty, low-profile conveyor
designed for use in facilities
-no special tools and can
assembled or disassembled by
hand
-towveyor track is of welded
construction
With two three-inch channel &
high carbon steel top bars
-specially designed for many
years of reliable service

14. DESIGN:
•to accomodate a large variety of applications for manufacturing, assembly, paint &
finishing and many product delivery applications.
OPERATION:
•Uses a series of trolleys supported from or within an overhead track
•Trolleys are equally spaced in a closed loop path and are suspended from a chai
•Carriers are used to carry multiple units of product
•Does not provide for accumulation to transport loads up to several thousands of pounds if
needed.
•One of the values of overhead trolley conveyors, besides being overhead and out of the
way, is they can handle odd shaped parts that are difficult to convey on belt and roller type
conveyors.
APPLICATIONS:
•Commonly used in processing, assembly, packaging, and storage operations
TROLLEY CONVEYOR

15. POWER AND FREE CONVEYOR
•Unit + Overhead/On-Floor + Accumulate
•Similar to trolley conveyor due to use of discretely spaced carriers transported
by an overhead chain; however, the power-and-free conveyor uses two tracks:
one powered and the other nonpowered (or free)
•Carriers can be disengaged from the power chain and accumulated or switched
onto spurs
•Termed an Inverted Power-and-Free Conveyor when tracks are located on the
floor

16. CART ON TRACK CONVEYOR

The cart-on –track conveyor is used to transport a cart along a track. Employing the
principle of a screw, a cart is transported by a rotating tube. Connected to the cart is a
drive wheel that rests on the tube; the speed of the cart is controlled by varying the angle
of contact between the drive wheel and the tube.

The basic elements of the conveyor are the rotating tube, track, and cart. The carts are
independently controlled to allow multiple carts to be located on the tube. Carts can
accumulate on the tube because they will be stationary when the drive wheel is parallel to
the tube.

Well suited for assembly lines of heavy machinery and automobiles.

17. SORTING CONVEYOR

Sortation conveyors are used for merging, identifying, inducting, and separating products to be
conveyed to specific destinations

When selecting a conveyor sorter it is very important that the equipment be properly matched for
the application. Important aspects such as product type, size and weight as well as overall system
throughput should all be considered.

Sortation conveyors are divided into three categories:
 a)High Throughput Sorters

Used when throughput rate requirements are greater than 60 product sorts per minute.
 b)Medium Throughput Sorters

Medium throughput sorters, which have rates between 20 and 60 product sorts per minute
c)Low Throughput Sorters

The lowest throughput sorters, which handle rates up to 20 product sorts per minute.

18. 1. Diverter
Stationary or movable arms that deflect, push, or pull a product to desired
destination.Since they do not come in contact with the conveyor, they can be used
with almost any flat surface conveyor
Usually hydraulically or pneumatically operated, but also can be motor driven
Application : End of filling line,Warehouse,Put to Light,Retails,Logistic
Centre,Cargo Handling,Courier and Postal operations

19. 2. Sliding Shoe Sorter
Sliding shoe sorter or moving slat sorter uses series of diverter slats that slide across the
horizontal surface to engage product and guide it off conveyor
Slats move from side to side as product flows in order to divert the product to either side
Gentle and gradual handling of products
Shoe sorters can be used in applications where there is a wide variety of product sizes,
shapes and weights being sorted. It is an excellent sortation choice when the product is
fragile or easily damaged and requires a smooth and gentle movement from the sorter to
the takeaway line. Single-sided and dual-sided diverts are available and can be
customized based on a particular system design.

20. 3. Tilting Device
Trays or slats provide combined sorting mechanism and product transporter
Can accommodate elevation changes
Tilt tray sorters usually designed in continuous loops with a compact layout and
recirculation of products not sorted the first time
Tilt slat sorters carry products on flat-surface slat conveyor and can handle wider
variety of products compared to tilt tray.
The is excellent for fast sorting of a wide variety of products, such as;
flat garments, CD's, DVD's, cassettes and video tapes, jewelry, sunglasses, books,
pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and small packages.

21. 4. Cross-Belt Transfer Device
Continuous loop - individual carriages are linked together to form an endless loop
Train style (asynchronous) - a small number of carriers tied together with potential for several trains
running track simultaneously
Each carriage equipped with small belt conveyor, called the cell, that is mounted perpendicular to
direction of travel of loop and discharges product at appropriate destination.Automatically separates
single line of products into multiple in-line discharge lines
Cross Belt sorters are high speed loop sorters that operate at a high speed and are used to sort
parcels, apparel, & small items that are difficult to sort, such as fragile or high friction items.
Product is transported by individual belted trays which start and stop in order to induct and
discharge product. Advantages to this type of sorter include tight divert centers, precise and
controlled discharge and high speed sortation rates.

22. 5. Pop-Up Device
One or more rows of powered rollers or wheels or chains that pop up above
surface of conveyor to lift product and guide it off conveyor at an angle; wheels
are lowered when products not required to be diverted
Only capable of sorting flat-bottomed items
Pop-up rollers are generally faster than pop-up wheels

23. 6. AGV System
AGVs have defined paths or areas within which or over which they can navigate.
Navigation is achieved by any one of several means, including following a path defined by
buried inductive wires, surface mounted magnetic or optical strips; or alternatively by way
of inertial or laser guidance.
AGV Systems are one of the fastest growing equipment segments in the material handling
industry. This growth has been inherited by customers of all sizes across many industries.
That’s because AGV systems deliver a quick, positive ROI due to improved productivity,
reduced duct damage, improved efficiency, reduced costs and improved safety.
An AGV System consists of one or more computer controlled wheel based load carriers
(normally battery powered) that run on the facility floor without the need of an onboard
operator or driver.