This document discusses different types of conveyor systems used to move materials from one location to another. It describes screw conveyors, flight and apron conveyors, bucket elevators, and pneumatic and hydraulic conveyors. It also discusses considerations for handling unit loads and ensuring peak performance of conveyor systems through proper inspection, maintenance and monitoring.

1. Conveyors
QU PUTEH QU PUTEH
Name: Abdul Mutalib Bin Idris
Course code: HFC 4033 AUTOMATION
i/c: 951008-07-5095
Matrix card: 1203546
Department: DMK 4A
Lecturer:Sir Muhammad Fauzi Bin Anuar
KOLEJ KEMAHIRAN TINGGI MARA
BALIK PULAU

2. 1.Introduction and definition of
conveyor
2.Explain different Type for conveyor
3.How to knowledge the unit load of
conveyor
4.I LOVE U SO MUCH QYA

3. • A conveyor system is a common piece of
mechanical handling equipment that moves
materials from one location to another.
• According to Sclater, conveyor systems can be
divided into two classes: those that are part
of a machine for processing product, and
those that move products in various stages of
fabrication.
DEFINITION

4. TYPES OF CONVEYORS
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5. SCREW CONVEYORS
• The screw conveyor usually consists of a long-pitch
plate –steel helix mounted on shaft or spindle carried
in bearings within U-shaped trough.
• According to Hudson, for many functions, it is the
best type of conveyor.

7. FLIGHT AND APRON CONVEYORS
 FLIGHT CONVEYORS
The flight conveyor has an endless chain or twin
chains passing around sprockets at the head and
foot ends, with spaced transverse scrapers or
“flights” which push the material along a trough.

8. Types of flight conveyor
I. SCRAPER FLIGHT
II. SUSPENDED FLIGHT
III.ROLLER FLIGHT
IV.ROLLER CHAIN
V. DRAG CHAIN

9. Flights are drawn along the trough bottom. The figure
below is a single strand, scraper flight conveyor.
SCRAPER FLIGHT

10. SUSPENDED FLIGHT
This type has wearing shoes attached to the flights to carry
them clear of the trough along the carrying run, and
support them along the return run. The figure below is a
double-strand, suspended flight conveyor

11. ROLLER FLIGHT
It is similar with the suspended flight conveyor except that,
rollers are substituted for shoes.

12. ROLLER CHAIN
The figure below is a double strand with roller chains to
carry the flights.

13. DRAG CHAIN
Such conveyors do not have
flights as the open links serve to
move the material.

14. APRON CONVEYORS
The alternative to a flight conveyor may be an
apron conveyor.
The apron conveyor consists of overlapping
beaded steel pans supported between or
mounted upon two strands of roller chain, and
with the usual head and foot assembly

15. BUCKET ELEVATOR
A bucket elevator, also called a grain leg, is a
mechanism for hauling flowable bulk materials (most
often grain or fertilizer) vertically.
Vertical elevators depend entirely on the action of
centrifugal force to get the material into the
discharge chute.

16. UNIT LOADS

17. The term unit loads is generally use to cover the
handling of boxes, bags, packaged materials, castings,
paper rolls and in general integrated items as
distinguished from pulverized, granular, and lumpy bulk
materials.

18. Is the simplest method and lowest cost when a direct
lowering of package or boxed materials is involved.

19. Either gravity-roll or power-roll conveyors may
solve the problem of horizontal and inclined
movements more economically than is possible
with any other machines
When two or more roller conveyors are tributary
to a trunk line, it is necessary to prevent
collisions by an interceptor.

20. Gravity conveyors are best adapted for boxes or cartons with
unyielding riding faces, approximate uniformity on weight,
and not over 100 lb. each.

21. Pallet Chain Conveyors in the foreground is a rotating disc
which, with guide plates, serves to shift the bottles from
the approach line to the reverse line.

22. For unit loads, it may be similar to the standard flat-belt conveyor, but with
closely spaced carrying idler rolls. Almost any type of unit loads, not destructive
to the belt, may be so handled.

23. The Vibrating Trough, sometimes referred to as grasshopper
conveyor is the best machine to move sustained output of
fragmentary materials.

24. When stacks or batches of magazines are to be lifted or lowered,
there are several types of tray elevators or lowerers available.

25. Manufacturing operations, may preferably be by
overhead transport, keeping the aisles clear and
eliminating damage to the floors

26. The tramrail, or monorail system, consists of a carrier
suspended from an overhead I-beam track or runway
usually suspended from the ceiling beams except in the
larger units wherein it is supported below.

27. • Overhead conveyors, or trolley conveyors, consists of a
power-propelled chain travelling at moderate speed
• suspended by trolleys from a suitable track, and
• provided with attachments of various forms adapted to
the work to be done.

28. CONTINUOUS-FLOW CONVEYOR

29. The continuous-flow conveyor is a machine in which the
material moves slowly within a duct as a continuous core

30. PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC CONVEYORS

31. o The pneumatic conveyor depends on a high-velocity air stream to
move material in about the same manner as the wind
o The hydraulic conveyor is a system for handling material; refuse is
flushed from a hopper or slag tank to a grinder which discharges to a
pump for conveying to a disposal area

33.  Photoelectric control is the control of a
circuit or piece of equipment by changes
in incident light.
 Applications of photoelectric control
includes:
 automatic weighing and filling
 operator safeguard
 sorting
 heat treatment
 jam detection
 automatic inspection

34. o A conveyor system is often the lifeline to a company’s
ability to effectively move its product in a timely fashion
o Steps to ensure Peak Performance:
 inspections
 close monitoring of motors and reducers
 keeping key parts in stock
 proper training of personnel
o Increasing the service life of your conveyor system
involves: choosing the right conveyor type, the right
system design and paying attention to regular
maintenance practices.

35. o Here are six of the biggest problems to watch for in
overhead type conveyor systems including I-beam
monorails, enclosed track conveyors and power and free
conveyors
 Poor Take-up Adjustment
 Lack of Lubrication
 Contamination
 Product Handling
 Drive Train
 Bad Belt Tracking or Timing