The document provides steps to convert an SR flip-flop to a T flip-flop and a JK flip-flop to a D flip-flop. It involves drawing the excitation tables for the original and target flip-flops, combining the tables to derive simplified expressions for the inputs of the original in terms of the inputs of the target, using Karnaugh maps to minimize the expressions, and drawing the final circuit diagram with the converted configuration.

1. Convert SR flip-flop to T flip-flop
Step -1 : Draw the excitation table of the SR flip-flop
Step -2 : Draw the characteristic table of T-flip-flop
Q(t) Q(t+1) S R
0 0 0 X
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1
1 1 X 0
Q(t) T Q(t+1)
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

2. Step -3 : Combining above two table and find simplified
expression for S and R inputs in terms of T and Q(t)
Karnaugh map for S is
Karnaugh map for R is
Q(t) T Q(t+1) S R
0 0 0 0 X
0 1 1 1 0
1 0 1 X 0
1 1 0 0 1
T’ T
Q’(t) 0 1
Q(t) X 0
S = T .Q’(t)
T’ T
Q’(t) X 0
Q(t) 0 1
R = T.Q(t)

3. Step-4 :Draw the Circuit diagram
S
R
Q
Q’
T
CLOCK

4. Convert JK flip-flop to D flip-flop
Step -1 : Draw the excitation table of the JK flip-flop
Step -2 : Draw the characteristic table of D-flip-flop
Q(t) Q(t+1) J K
0 0 0 X
0 1 1 X
1 0 X 1
1 1 X 0
Q(t) D Q(t+1)
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 1 1

5. Step -3 : Combining above two table and find simplified
expression for Jand K inputs in terms of D and Q(t)
Karnaugh map for J is
Karnaugh map for K is
Q(t) D Q(t+1) J K
0 0 0 0 X
0 1 1 1 X
1 0 0 X 1
1 1 1 X 0
D’ D
Q’(t) 0 1
Q(t) X X
J = D
D’ D
Q’(t) X X
Q(t) 1 0
K = D’

6. Step-4 :Draw the Circuit diagram
J
K
Q
Q’
D
CLOCK