Scientists conducted several experiments to study bacterial growth from unwashed hands and surfaces. They found that placing unwashed fingers on growth media led to significant bacteria after 24 hours. Washing hands with just water for 20 seconds reduced bacteria but did not eliminate it. Washing hands with soap and water for 20 seconds was more effective at removing bacteria. The most effective method was washing hands with soap and water for 20 seconds followed by using a sanitizer, which resulted in very little bacterial growth after 24 hours. Similar results were found for washing gloves, aprons, and eliminating bacteria tracked in from cockroaches. Proper handwashing and sanitization is effective at removing bacteria from hands and surfaces.