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International Journal of
Construction Engineering
and Planning
Jul–Dec 2016 IJCEP
eISSN: 2456-2335
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(Maharashtra), India
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College of Engineering, Osmania University,
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National Institute of Technology Raipur,
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Dr. Rajan L. Wankhade
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Prof. Ali M. Gharavimajdi
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Amirkabir University of Technology,
Tehran, Iran
From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly
journal, International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning. This journal is
part of the Engineering Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Construction
Engineering issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the
validationofemergingtechnologies.
This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Construction Engineering
as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and
technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Civil Engineers community, addressing
researchers andpractitionersinthisarea.
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propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and
professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Construction Engineering in
general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at
excellently,well-time&successfully.
International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning focuses on original high-quality research
in the realm of Construction estimating software, Construction management, Cost engineering, Earthquake
engineering,Internationalbuildingcode,Structuralengineeringetc.
The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Construction
EngineeringandPlanningandsolutionsinthearea.
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community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an
innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new
developmentsinthefieldofConstructionEngineeringand Planning.
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editorialstaffofJournalsPub,who supported us ateverystageoftheproject.
It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Civil Engineering readers and
willstimulatefurtherresearchintothevibrantareaofConstructionEngineeringandPlanning.
PuneetMehrotra
ManagingDirector
1. Isolation Technique in Bridge Building
S.P. Nirkhe 1
2. Evaluation of Challenges to Women Participation in the Nigeria Construction Industry
Aruleba, B. Olalekan, Oyegoke, K. Ismail, Arinka, A. Henry 5
3. Static Analysis of Elevated Composite Water Tank
K.L. Kulkarni, L.G. Kalurkar 14
4. Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening – Editorial Note
Shashank Jain 23
5. Renowned Civil Structures by Introducing Application of Nanotechnology
Rohit Rathi 25
Contents
IJCEP (2016) 1–4 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning
eISSN: 2456-2335
Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Isolation Technique in Bridge Building
S.P. Nirkhe*
Department of Civil Engineering, Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management Studies, Aurangabad,
Maharashtra, India
ABSTRACT
Among all the disaster that can take place earthquake causes maximum loss of life, limbs and
properties. There is need to develop earthquake resistance technique to reduce the losses due
to earthquake. Special techniques are required to design building such that they remain
practically undamaged even in severe earthquake. Base isolation is also one of the
retrofitting techniques. Seismic Isolation is simple structural design approach to mitigate or
reduce earthquake damage potential. It is easiest to see the principle at work by referring
directly to the most widely used of these advanced techniques, known as ‘Base Isolation’. A
base isolated structure is supported by a series of bearing pads, which are placed between
the buildings and building foundation. Base isolation has now been used in numerous
building in countries like Italy, Japan, New Zealand, and USA. Base isolation is also useful
for retrofitting important buildings (like hospitals and historic buildings). By now, over 1000
buildings across the world have been equipped with seismic base isolation. In India, base
isolation technique was first demonstrated after the 1993 Killari (Maharashtra) Earthquake.
Two single story building (one school building and another shopping complex working
building) in recently migrated Killari town were built with elastic base rubber isolators
laying on hard ground. After the 2001 Bhuj (Gujarat) tremor, the four story's Bhuj healing
facility building (hospitals) was built with the base segregation strategy called isolation
technique. Seismic separation is a moderately recent and advancing innovation technique. In
this paper I am going to investigate of Base confinement framework segments with contextual
analyses of case studies.
Keywords: bridge building, earthquake, surface
INTRODUCTION
An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking
of the Earth caused by the breaking and
shifting of rock beneath the Earth's
surface. For hundreds of millions of years,
the forces of plate tectonics have shaped
the Earth as the huge plates that form the
Earth's surface move slowly over, under,
and past each other. Sometimes the
movement is gradual. At different times,
the plates are bolted together, unable to
release the accumulating energy. At the
point when the gathered vitality develops
sufficiently solid, the plates break free
creating the ground to shake. Most seismic
tremors happen at the limits where the
plates meet; in any case, a few quakes
happen amidst plates.
Ground shaking from earthquakes can
collapse buildings and bridges; disrupt gas,
electric, and phone services; and
sometimes trigger landslides, avalanches,
flash floods, fires, and huge, destructive
ocean waves. Buildings with foundations
resting on unconsolidated landfill and
other unstable soil, and trailers and homes
not tied to their foundations are at risk
IJCEP (2016) 5–13 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 5
International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning
ISSN:2456-2335
Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Evaluation of Challenges to Women Participation in the Nigeria
Construction Industry
Aruleba*, B. Olalekan, Oyegoke, K. Ismail, Arinka, A. Henry
Department of Building Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Construction industry is a mobile industry which always has its production site wherever
contract is given. Participation of women in the profession is not being encouraged as there
male counterpart. This paper is to assess the barriers to women participation in the
construction industry in Nigeria. The cause for this was reviewed through the consultation of
literatures and the used of questionnaires. Some factors are identified as challenges and at
the same time hinder full participation of women in the profession. The effects of these
identified and rated challenges on professional women were also investigated. From the
analysis of the respondents, it was deduced that family committed was rated the highest while
culture and environment rated the least among the highlighted contributing factors to
challenges to participation in construction industry. Also in Table 2, it could be seen that the
challenges often make most women resign (after child bearing) just to concentrate on family
and marital issues. In reference to above, it concluded that women participation in
construction work has been hindered since it requires more time on field which mostly be out
of their domain than office work. The paper therefore recommended that women should be
encouraged and motivated in order to participate in the field. Three months maternity leave
with pay should be mandatorily given to them after birth, just like other government
establishment.
Keywords: challenges, construction, industry and participation, women
INTRODUCTION
It is widely accepted that every industry
attracts the best available management
talent to remain globally competitive and
to provide acceptable levels of customer
service. To achieve this, the pool of talent
must be expanded to include those that are
currently marginalized. The gender
imbalance maintained by construction
industry in Nigeria has become the focus
of attention with the inception of the 4th
World Conference of Women (WCM)
which held in Beijing in September 1995
for the advancement of women, addressing
equality, development and peace. The 4th
WCM adopted a Platform for Action PFA,
which addressed key issue or major
obstacles that discriminate and initiate
against the progress of women and impede
their contribution to their advancement and
the development of the country (Schneer
1995).[1–7]
Poor image of construction industry is not
solely responsible for gender imbalance as
a result of studying construction
employees (Dainty et al, 2000).[2]
Some
female envisage they would leave because
of frustration such as being subject to
verbal harassment and abuse. Their work
IJCEP (2016) 14-22 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 14
International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning
eISSN: 2456-2335
Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Static Analysis of Elevated Composite Water Tank
K.L. Kulkarni1
, L.G. Kalurkar2
1
Department of Structural Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad, MS, India
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad, MS, India
ABSTRACT
The elevated water tank is most important structure to store large amount of water at a certain
height to distribute the water in near locality for survive purpose and also develop pressure for
distribution system. In the world maximum elevated water tank is damage due to earthquake
attack. The maximum water tank was constructed in RCC, but during the earthquake RCC
water tank developed the maximum base shear. To reduce the base shear of elevated water tank
during earthquake, suggest new thing which was composite water tank. The RCC water tank
can be replace by a Composite water tank for a same staging height and same storage
capacity. The mathematical model of elevated RCC and composite water tank create in ETABS
software. The objectives of this paper to study the performance of elevated composite water
tank for full tank and empty tank filled conditions. The analysis of equivalent hydrostatic used
draft code provision of Indian IS 1893 part-II:2002. The behavior of elevated composite water
tank with regards base shear and others seismic parameters as compare with elevated RCC
water tank.
Keywords: encased composite column, equivalent static analysis, base shear, elevated
composite water tank
INTRODUCTION
The significant social and economic
impacts of recent earthquakes affecting
urban areas have resulted in an increased
awareness of the potential seismic hazard
and the corresponding vulnerability of the
existing elevated storage water tank
required for estimating seismic risk.
Greater effort has been made to estimate
and mitigate the risks associated with these
potential losses. In order to successfully
mitigate potential losses and to aid in
post-disaster decision-making processes,
the expected damage and the associated
loss in urban areas caused by earthquakes
should be estimated with an acceptable
degree of certainty. Seismic loss
assessment depends on the comprehensive
nature of estimating vulnerability. The
determination of vulnerability measure
requires the assessment of the seismic
performances of elevated water tank
typically constructed in an urban region
when subjected to a series of earthquakes,
taking into account the particular response
characteristics of each structural type. The
fragility study generally focuses on the
generic types of construction because of the
enormity of the problem. Hence, simplified
structural models with random properties to
account for the uncertainties in the
structural parameters are used for all
representative structure types.[1–3]
Now a days, the maximum buildings were
constructed in composite structure at
IJCEP (2016) 23–24 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 23
International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning
eISSN: 2456-2335
Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening – Editorial Note
Shashank Jain
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India
Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is one of
the strategies for acquiring fine crystalline
structure in various mass metals and
amalgams, which have diverse
crystallographic structure. SPD causes the
arrangement of micrometer and sub-
micrometer measured sub-grains in the at
first coarse grain materials.
As an aftereffect of that improved
mechanical execution is watched. The
system in charge of this impact is still
under scrutiny, be that as it may, it is
trusted that short and long-run crossing
shear groups delivered by plastic distortion
assume a noteworthy part at grain
subdivision and neighborhood dynamic
recuperation and recrystallization forms
add to grain refinement. Adequately
extensive mis-oriented prompts an
unmistakable structure of separation free
and exceedingly mis-oriented fine grains.
At the point when characterizing a
submicron grain structure the vital
parameters, which are matter of concern,
are normal separating of high edge grain
limits (HAGB) and extent of HAGB range.
The auxiliary changes created by SPD are
reflected in enhanced mechanical
properties of metals. The reported impacts
incorporate expanded hardness and yield
stress, both highlighting propensity to
immersion. The downside of ultrafine
grained structure materials is their
restricted pliability. Some other
exploration uncovered expanded flexibility
and sturdiness and additionally enhanced
dumping and physical properties. The fine
grained structure of UFG materials got by
SPD prompts superplastic conduct of these
materials at lower temperatures but then
with higher distortion rates.
Large plastic strains somewhere around 1
and 15 can be forced in chips framed via
plane-strain (2-D) machining of metals and
compounds.
This methodology has been utilized to
inspect microstructure changes incited by
huge strain twisting in model frameworks
– copper and its amalgams, Precipitation –
hardenable aluminum combinations, high
quality materials, for example, titanium,
Inconel 718 and 52100 steel, and a
nebulous compound.
It is demonstrated that materials with
normal grain sizes in the scope of 60 nm–1
lm can be made by shifting the parameters
of machining, which thusly influences the
mis-oriented forms.
Besides, a change over from a stretched
sub-grain microstructure to an equi-hacked
out nano-crystalline microstructure, with a
prevalence of extensive point grain limits,
has been exhibited at the larger amounts of
strain in a few of these materials.
This switch-over can be promptly
controlled by fluctuating the mis-oriented
conditions. Dynamic recrystallization has
been exhibited in select material
frameworks under specific states of strain
and temperature.
This study might be seen as giving a
critical extension between facilitating the
comprehension of microstructural
refinement by vast strain distortion and the
IJCEP (2016) 25–29 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 25
International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning
eISSN: 2456-2335
Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Renowned Civil Structures by Introducing Application of
Nanotechnology
Rohit Rathi*
Department of Civil Engineering, MNIT Allahabad, India
ABSTRACT
In this paper the study of nanoscience and various nanoparticles and their implementation in
construction field is illustrated. In respect to future demand paper more focused on the
application of nanotechnology in constructing good structures.
Keywords: civil engineering, nanotechnology, nanoparticles, smart-construction
INTRODUCTION
Nanotechnology has the potential to make
construction faster, safer, cheaper and
more varied, resulting in smart
construction. Automation of
nanotechnology construction can allow for
the creation of structures from advanced
homes to gigantic skyscrapers much more
quickly and at much lower cost and higher
efficiency.
In the near future, nanotechnology can be
used to sense cracks in foundations of
structures and can send nanorobots to
repair them. It can also provide self
powered failure prediction and prevising
mechanisms for high capital structures.[1,2]
Need of Nanotechnology in
Construction
Nanotechnology has changed and will
pursue to change our perception,
expectations and abilities to control the
materials world. Several applications have
been developed for this specific sector to
improve the energy efficiency, durability
of construction elements, and safety of the
buildings, delivering the ease of
maintenance and to provide increased
living comfort. The role of
nanotechnology in conceiving of
innovative infrastructure systems has the
potential to transform the civil engineering
practice and dilate the vision of civil
engineering. Many disciplines of civil
engineering, in conjunction with design
and construction processes can be
benefited from this technology. For
example, new structural materials with
unique properties, stronger and lighter
composites, sound absorber, fire insulator,
low maintenance coating, nanoclay filled
polymers, self-disinfecting surfaces, water
repellents, air cleaners, nanosized sensors,
solar cells, ultrathin-strong-conductive
wafers etc. This article introduces, in brief,
the areas of application of this technology
in civil engineering and the science &
technology behind the improved
performance.[3–6]
Application of Nanotechnology in Smart
Construction
The following table exhibits some of the
nanoparticles and their relevant application
areas in the field of construction industry.
Mechanical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Architecture
Applied Mechanics
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eISSN: 2456-2335

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Construction Engineering and Planning Vol 2 Issue 2

  • 1. Mechanical Engineering Chemical Engineering Architecture Applied Mechanics 5 more... 1 more... 2 more... 2 more... 5 more... Computer Science and Engineering Nanotechnology « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences Physics Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Material Sciences and Engineering Chemistry 5 more... 4 more... 3 more... Biotechnology 3 more... Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing « International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing « International Journal of Neurological Nursing « International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing « International Journal of Oncological Nursing 5 more... 4 more... Subm it Your A rticle2017 www.journalspub.com International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning Jul–Dec 2016 IJCEP eISSN: 2456-2335
  • 2. International Journals Publisher JournalsPub is a multi-disciplinary international journal boosting innovative & eminence research work by Division of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd. Launched in 2014 under the support and guidance by our Honorable EditorialBoard Members from renownedinstitutes. ObjectivesofJournalsPub  JournalsPub is international scholarly journal that publishes peer reviewed journal in the frontier areas of AppliedSciences,MedicalandEngineering.  JournalsPub publishes Original Research Papers, Review Papers, Popular Articles, Short Communications&CaseStudy.  Publishingspecialissues on Proceedingsof Conferences,SeminarsandSymposia.  JournalsPub Publishes issues twice a year (bi-annually) in English-language which is available online (openaccess)andinprintedversionwithagoaltopromoteanextensiveacademicawareness.  JournalsPub desires to set a good benchmark in the publishing industry by launching more than 100+ new International Journals to help the scientific community to enhance communication within the research communities and maintain a balance between the existing and emerging interdisciplinary technologies.  JournalsPub aims to provide quality research articles for Academic Researchers, Industrial Professionals, Engineers, Scientists, Professors, etc. working in the areas of Applied Sciences, Medical andEngineeringtocontributeandcommunicateinnovativework. SalientFeatures  An umbrellaof 100+ journalsthatcoversAppliedSciences,MedialandEngineeringArena.  The first and one of the rapidly emerging publication website in Country as well as overseas for its excellenceandexposure.  Universaltransmissionandreflectivity.  ARigorous, Fast andConstructivePeerReviewProcess  SpeedyPublicationof Manuscripts  EminentEditorialBoardMembersfromrenownedorganizations.  FreeRegistration,OnlineSubmission, Processing, Publication&OnlineAccessofManuscripts.  Thejournalpublishesnovelresearcharticleswithemphasison theoreticalandexperimentalwork. International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning
  • 3. JournalsPub (Division of Dhruv Infosystems Private Ltd.) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor, CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journals. Statements and opinionsexpressedintheJournalreflecttheviews oftheAuthor(s) andarenottheopinionofJournalsPub unlessso stated. Subscription Information and Order Cost of Journal National Subscription Rs. 3000/-perJournal(includes2 printissues), SingleIssue copypurchaseRs.1800/copy International Subscription OnlineOnly- $99, PrintOnly-$149 (includes2printissues) Online+ Print-$199(includes2printissues +onlineaccessof publishedbackvolumes) To purchaseprintcompilationof backissues pleasesendyourqueryatinfo@journalspub.com Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India include speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without notice. Mode of Payment:At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. ltd., payableatDelhi/NewDelhi. OnlineAccess Policy A). ForAuthors: In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, JournalsPub also have OpenAccess Policy; Authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as follows: India,SARC andAfricanCountries:INR 1500 includingsinglehardcopyofAuthor's Journal. OtherCountries:USD 200includingsinglehardcopyofAuthor's Journal. B.) ForSubscribers: Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of correct informationonuser details/StaticIPaddress of thesubscriber. The accesswillbeblocked: If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking due to technical issue. Misuse of the access rights as pertheaccesspolicy. Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: JournalsPub with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc.These journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue. The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very welcome. LostIssue Claims:Pleasenotethefollowingwhen applyingfor lostor missingissues: Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the next issue as perthefrequency. Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will be entertainedonlywiththeproofs whichwillbeverifiedatboththeends. Claimsfiledduetoinsufficient(or nonotice)of changeof address willnotbehonored. Change ofAddress of Dispatch should be intimated to JournalsPub at least 2 months prior to the dispatch schedule as per thefrequencyby mentioningsubscriberID andthesubscriptionID. Refundrequestswillnotbeentertained. LegalDisputes AllthelegaldisputesaresubjectedtoDelhiJurisdictiononly. If you haveanyquestions,pleasecontactthePublicationManagementTeam: info@journalspub.com;Tel:+910120-4347644.
  • 4. International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning is primarily devoted to scientific articles and comprehensive reviews that are focused on the quality control, risk assessment, resource management in the field of construction engineering and planning. Journal also focuses on the production planning, critical pathmethodthatcancreateanimpactontheongoingresearch. Focus and Scope oftheJournal  Construction estimating software  Construction management  Cost engineering  Earthquake engineering  International building code  Structural engineering  Work breakdown structure  Construction material handling  Production planning, specifications  Quality control  Critical path method (CPM)  Resource management  Resource leveling  Risk assessment  Work breakdown structure International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning is published twice a year (bi-annual by JournalsPub- an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd. The outlooks stated in the articles do not essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any productsmentionedinthispublication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written permissiontothepublisher. To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub (info@journalspub.com).
  • 5. PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM INTERNAL MEMBERS Associate Manager Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director, JournalsPub, New Delhi Hidam Renubala Ankita Singh Deepika Bhadauria Rekha Rani Commissioning Editors Dr. Chhavi Goel Manisha Dhoble
  • 6. EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. Pradeep Kumar Agarwal Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal (MP), India A. F. M. Saiful Amin Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh Dr. Saad Issa Sarsam Department of Transportation and Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq Dr. Rahul V Ralegaonkar Department of Civil Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur (Maharashtra), India Dr. Raji Z. Al- Ani School of Applied Sciences, Skills and Technology - Loyalist College, Belleville, Ontario, Canada Dr. R. Srinivasa Kumar Department of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India Dr. Govardhan Bhatt National Institute of Technology Raipur, India Dr. M. V. Molykutty, Professor, Dept. of Civil Engg, B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, India Dr. V. R. Sastry, Professor of Mining Engineering, HOD Training & Placement, Director Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Ltd., Director- KIOCL Limited National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal, Mangalore, India Amarsinh Babanrao Landage Assistant Professor Govt. College of Engineering, Karad Tal. Karad, Dist. Satara, Mahrashtra, India Dr. Rajan L. Wankhade Assistant Professor, Government College of Engineering, Karad, Maharashtra, India Prof. Ali M. Gharavimajdi Professor, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  • 7. From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning. This journal is part of the Engineering Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Construction Engineering issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validationofemergingtechnologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Construction Engineering as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Civil Engineers community, addressing researchers andpractitionersinthisarea. The core vision of International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning in Journals Pub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Construction Engineering in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently,well-time&successfully. International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Construction estimating software, Construction management, Cost engineering, Earthquake engineering,Internationalbuildingcode,Structuralengineeringetc. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Construction EngineeringandPlanningandsolutionsinthearea. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Civil Engineers community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developmentsinthefieldofConstructionEngineeringand Planning. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorialstaffofJournalsPub,who supported us ateverystageoftheproject. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Civil Engineering readers and willstimulatefurtherresearchintothevibrantareaofConstructionEngineeringandPlanning. PuneetMehrotra ManagingDirector
  • 8. 1. Isolation Technique in Bridge Building S.P. Nirkhe 1 2. Evaluation of Challenges to Women Participation in the Nigeria Construction Industry Aruleba, B. Olalekan, Oyegoke, K. Ismail, Arinka, A. Henry 5 3. Static Analysis of Elevated Composite Water Tank K.L. Kulkarni, L.G. Kalurkar 14 4. Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening – Editorial Note Shashank Jain 23 5. Renowned Civil Structures by Introducing Application of Nanotechnology Rohit Rathi 25 Contents
  • 9. IJCEP (2016) 1–4 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1 International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning eISSN: 2456-2335 Vol. 2: Issue 2 www.journalspub.com Isolation Technique in Bridge Building S.P. Nirkhe* Department of Civil Engineering, Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management Studies, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India ABSTRACT Among all the disaster that can take place earthquake causes maximum loss of life, limbs and properties. There is need to develop earthquake resistance technique to reduce the losses due to earthquake. Special techniques are required to design building such that they remain practically undamaged even in severe earthquake. Base isolation is also one of the retrofitting techniques. Seismic Isolation is simple structural design approach to mitigate or reduce earthquake damage potential. It is easiest to see the principle at work by referring directly to the most widely used of these advanced techniques, known as ‘Base Isolation’. A base isolated structure is supported by a series of bearing pads, which are placed between the buildings and building foundation. Base isolation has now been used in numerous building in countries like Italy, Japan, New Zealand, and USA. Base isolation is also useful for retrofitting important buildings (like hospitals and historic buildings). By now, over 1000 buildings across the world have been equipped with seismic base isolation. In India, base isolation technique was first demonstrated after the 1993 Killari (Maharashtra) Earthquake. Two single story building (one school building and another shopping complex working building) in recently migrated Killari town were built with elastic base rubber isolators laying on hard ground. After the 2001 Bhuj (Gujarat) tremor, the four story's Bhuj healing facility building (hospitals) was built with the base segregation strategy called isolation technique. Seismic separation is a moderately recent and advancing innovation technique. In this paper I am going to investigate of Base confinement framework segments with contextual analyses of case studies. Keywords: bridge building, earthquake, surface INTRODUCTION An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking of the Earth caused by the breaking and shifting of rock beneath the Earth's surface. For hundreds of millions of years, the forces of plate tectonics have shaped the Earth as the huge plates that form the Earth's surface move slowly over, under, and past each other. Sometimes the movement is gradual. At different times, the plates are bolted together, unable to release the accumulating energy. At the point when the gathered vitality develops sufficiently solid, the plates break free creating the ground to shake. Most seismic tremors happen at the limits where the plates meet; in any case, a few quakes happen amidst plates. Ground shaking from earthquakes can collapse buildings and bridges; disrupt gas, electric, and phone services; and sometimes trigger landslides, avalanches, flash floods, fires, and huge, destructive ocean waves. Buildings with foundations resting on unconsolidated landfill and other unstable soil, and trailers and homes not tied to their foundations are at risk
  • 10. IJCEP (2016) 5–13 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 5 International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning ISSN:2456-2335 Vol. 2: Issue 2 www.journalspub.com Evaluation of Challenges to Women Participation in the Nigeria Construction Industry Aruleba*, B. Olalekan, Oyegoke, K. Ismail, Arinka, A. Henry Department of Building Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria ABSTRACT Construction industry is a mobile industry which always has its production site wherever contract is given. Participation of women in the profession is not being encouraged as there male counterpart. This paper is to assess the barriers to women participation in the construction industry in Nigeria. The cause for this was reviewed through the consultation of literatures and the used of questionnaires. Some factors are identified as challenges and at the same time hinder full participation of women in the profession. The effects of these identified and rated challenges on professional women were also investigated. From the analysis of the respondents, it was deduced that family committed was rated the highest while culture and environment rated the least among the highlighted contributing factors to challenges to participation in construction industry. Also in Table 2, it could be seen that the challenges often make most women resign (after child bearing) just to concentrate on family and marital issues. In reference to above, it concluded that women participation in construction work has been hindered since it requires more time on field which mostly be out of their domain than office work. The paper therefore recommended that women should be encouraged and motivated in order to participate in the field. Three months maternity leave with pay should be mandatorily given to them after birth, just like other government establishment. Keywords: challenges, construction, industry and participation, women INTRODUCTION It is widely accepted that every industry attracts the best available management talent to remain globally competitive and to provide acceptable levels of customer service. To achieve this, the pool of talent must be expanded to include those that are currently marginalized. The gender imbalance maintained by construction industry in Nigeria has become the focus of attention with the inception of the 4th World Conference of Women (WCM) which held in Beijing in September 1995 for the advancement of women, addressing equality, development and peace. The 4th WCM adopted a Platform for Action PFA, which addressed key issue or major obstacles that discriminate and initiate against the progress of women and impede their contribution to their advancement and the development of the country (Schneer 1995).[1–7] Poor image of construction industry is not solely responsible for gender imbalance as a result of studying construction employees (Dainty et al, 2000).[2] Some female envisage they would leave because of frustration such as being subject to verbal harassment and abuse. Their work
  • 11. IJCEP (2016) 14-22 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 14 International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning eISSN: 2456-2335 Vol. 2: Issue 2 www.journalspub.com Static Analysis of Elevated Composite Water Tank K.L. Kulkarni1 , L.G. Kalurkar2 1 Department of Structural Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad, MS, India 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad, MS, India ABSTRACT The elevated water tank is most important structure to store large amount of water at a certain height to distribute the water in near locality for survive purpose and also develop pressure for distribution system. In the world maximum elevated water tank is damage due to earthquake attack. The maximum water tank was constructed in RCC, but during the earthquake RCC water tank developed the maximum base shear. To reduce the base shear of elevated water tank during earthquake, suggest new thing which was composite water tank. The RCC water tank can be replace by a Composite water tank for a same staging height and same storage capacity. The mathematical model of elevated RCC and composite water tank create in ETABS software. The objectives of this paper to study the performance of elevated composite water tank for full tank and empty tank filled conditions. The analysis of equivalent hydrostatic used draft code provision of Indian IS 1893 part-II:2002. The behavior of elevated composite water tank with regards base shear and others seismic parameters as compare with elevated RCC water tank. Keywords: encased composite column, equivalent static analysis, base shear, elevated composite water tank INTRODUCTION The significant social and economic impacts of recent earthquakes affecting urban areas have resulted in an increased awareness of the potential seismic hazard and the corresponding vulnerability of the existing elevated storage water tank required for estimating seismic risk. Greater effort has been made to estimate and mitigate the risks associated with these potential losses. In order to successfully mitigate potential losses and to aid in post-disaster decision-making processes, the expected damage and the associated loss in urban areas caused by earthquakes should be estimated with an acceptable degree of certainty. Seismic loss assessment depends on the comprehensive nature of estimating vulnerability. The determination of vulnerability measure requires the assessment of the seismic performances of elevated water tank typically constructed in an urban region when subjected to a series of earthquakes, taking into account the particular response characteristics of each structural type. The fragility study generally focuses on the generic types of construction because of the enormity of the problem. Hence, simplified structural models with random properties to account for the uncertainties in the structural parameters are used for all representative structure types.[1–3] Now a days, the maximum buildings were constructed in composite structure at
  • 12. IJCEP (2016) 23–24 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 23 International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning eISSN: 2456-2335 Vol. 2: Issue 2 www.journalspub.com Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening – Editorial Note Shashank Jain Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is one of the strategies for acquiring fine crystalline structure in various mass metals and amalgams, which have diverse crystallographic structure. SPD causes the arrangement of micrometer and sub- micrometer measured sub-grains in the at first coarse grain materials. As an aftereffect of that improved mechanical execution is watched. The system in charge of this impact is still under scrutiny, be that as it may, it is trusted that short and long-run crossing shear groups delivered by plastic distortion assume a noteworthy part at grain subdivision and neighborhood dynamic recuperation and recrystallization forms add to grain refinement. Adequately extensive mis-oriented prompts an unmistakable structure of separation free and exceedingly mis-oriented fine grains. At the point when characterizing a submicron grain structure the vital parameters, which are matter of concern, are normal separating of high edge grain limits (HAGB) and extent of HAGB range. The auxiliary changes created by SPD are reflected in enhanced mechanical properties of metals. The reported impacts incorporate expanded hardness and yield stress, both highlighting propensity to immersion. The downside of ultrafine grained structure materials is their restricted pliability. Some other exploration uncovered expanded flexibility and sturdiness and additionally enhanced dumping and physical properties. The fine grained structure of UFG materials got by SPD prompts superplastic conduct of these materials at lower temperatures but then with higher distortion rates. Large plastic strains somewhere around 1 and 15 can be forced in chips framed via plane-strain (2-D) machining of metals and compounds. This methodology has been utilized to inspect microstructure changes incited by huge strain twisting in model frameworks – copper and its amalgams, Precipitation – hardenable aluminum combinations, high quality materials, for example, titanium, Inconel 718 and 52100 steel, and a nebulous compound. It is demonstrated that materials with normal grain sizes in the scope of 60 nm–1 lm can be made by shifting the parameters of machining, which thusly influences the mis-oriented forms. Besides, a change over from a stretched sub-grain microstructure to an equi-hacked out nano-crystalline microstructure, with a prevalence of extensive point grain limits, has been exhibited at the larger amounts of strain in a few of these materials. This switch-over can be promptly controlled by fluctuating the mis-oriented conditions. Dynamic recrystallization has been exhibited in select material frameworks under specific states of strain and temperature. This study might be seen as giving a critical extension between facilitating the comprehension of microstructural refinement by vast strain distortion and the
  • 13. IJCEP (2016) 25–29 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 25 International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning eISSN: 2456-2335 Vol. 2: Issue 2 www.journalspub.com Renowned Civil Structures by Introducing Application of Nanotechnology Rohit Rathi* Department of Civil Engineering, MNIT Allahabad, India ABSTRACT In this paper the study of nanoscience and various nanoparticles and their implementation in construction field is illustrated. In respect to future demand paper more focused on the application of nanotechnology in constructing good structures. Keywords: civil engineering, nanotechnology, nanoparticles, smart-construction INTRODUCTION Nanotechnology has the potential to make construction faster, safer, cheaper and more varied, resulting in smart construction. Automation of nanotechnology construction can allow for the creation of structures from advanced homes to gigantic skyscrapers much more quickly and at much lower cost and higher efficiency. In the near future, nanotechnology can be used to sense cracks in foundations of structures and can send nanorobots to repair them. It can also provide self powered failure prediction and prevising mechanisms for high capital structures.[1,2] Need of Nanotechnology in Construction Nanotechnology has changed and will pursue to change our perception, expectations and abilities to control the materials world. Several applications have been developed for this specific sector to improve the energy efficiency, durability of construction elements, and safety of the buildings, delivering the ease of maintenance and to provide increased living comfort. The role of nanotechnology in conceiving of innovative infrastructure systems has the potential to transform the civil engineering practice and dilate the vision of civil engineering. Many disciplines of civil engineering, in conjunction with design and construction processes can be benefited from this technology. For example, new structural materials with unique properties, stronger and lighter composites, sound absorber, fire insulator, low maintenance coating, nanoclay filled polymers, self-disinfecting surfaces, water repellents, air cleaners, nanosized sensors, solar cells, ultrathin-strong-conductive wafers etc. This article introduces, in brief, the areas of application of this technology in civil engineering and the science & technology behind the improved performance.[3–6] Application of Nanotechnology in Smart Construction The following table exhibits some of the nanoparticles and their relevant application areas in the field of construction industry.
  • 14. Mechanical Engineering Chemical Engineering Architecture Applied Mechanics 5 more... 1 more... 2 more... 2 more... 5 more... Computer Science and Engineering Nanotechnology « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences Physics Civil Engineering Electrical Engineering Material Sciences and Engineering Chemistry 5 more... 4 more... 3 more... Biotechnology 3 more... Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing « International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing « International Journal of Neurological Nursing « International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing « International Journal of Oncological Nursing 5 more... 4 more... Subm it Your A rticle2017 www.journalspub.com International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning Jul–Dec 2016 IJCEP eISSN: 2456-2335