Adenoviral conjunctivitis, also known as "pink eye is a common, self-limiting condition that typically is caused by adenovirus.  Adenoviruses can cause an array of clinical diseases, including conjunctivitis, respiratory disease, hemorrhagic cystitis and gastroenteritis.

1. Viral conjunctivitis- Adeno virus
Anup Muni Bajracharya

2. AdenoViral conjunctivitis
 Adenoviral conjunctivitis, also known as "pink eye is a common, self-limiting
condition that typically is caused by adenovirus.
 These viruses belong to the Adenoviridae family
 It is caused by various serotypes of adenoviruses. There are more than 50
known strains of this virus.
 Adeno virus can cause a range of illnesses, including respiratory infections,
gastrointestinal infections, and conjunctivitis.

3. Human adenoviruses
 Human adenoviruses (HADVs) are non-envelope, icosahedral, double-stranded DNA
viruses and are classified within the family Adenoviridae, genus Mastadenovirus, and
are further divided into seven species (A–G).
 Adenoviruses can cause an array of clinical diseases, including conjunctivitis, respiratory
disease, hemorrhagic cystitis and gastroenteritis.
 Several adenoviruses including HAdV-8, HAdV-19 and HADV-37 (in HAdV-D) are
responsible from severe and contagious Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis which can be
related to a nosocomial infection or community acquired

4. Symptoms
 Redness: The whites of the eyes become red and irritated.
 Watery Discharge: Excessive tearing and watery discharge from the eyes.
 Itching: The eyes may feel itchy and uncomfortable.
 Foreign Body Sensation: Patients may feel as if there's something gritty or
foreign in the eye.
 Swelling: Swelling of the eyelids and conjunctiva.
 Light Sensitivity: Increased sensitivity to light (photophobia).
 Blurred Vision: Vision may be blurred due to the discharge and irritation.

5. Transmission
 Adenoviral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and can spread through:
 Direct Contact: Touching an infected person's eye or secretions, then
touching one's own eyes.
 Indirect Contact: Touching contaminated surfaces (doorknobs, towels) and
then touching the eyes.
 Patients should avoid touching their eyes, shaking hands, and sharing
towels, napkins, pillow cases, and other fomites, among other activities.
 Transmission may occur through accidental inoculation of viral particles
from the patient's hands or by direct eye contact with infected upper
respiratory droplets, fomites, or contaminated swimming pools.
 The infection usually resolves spontaneously within 2-4 weeks.

6. Treatment
 Adenoviral conjunctivitis is usually a self-limiting condition, and symptoms
often resolve on their own within a week or two.
 There is no specific antiviral treatment for adenoviral conjunctivitis.
Supportive care includes:
 Artificial Tears: Lubricating eye drops to alleviate discomfort.
 Cold Compresses: Applying cool compresses to reduce swelling and
soothe the eyes.
 Hygiene: Frequent hand washing and avoiding touching the eyes can help
prevent spreading the infection.
 Isolation: Infected individuals should avoid close contact with others,
especially in settings like schools or daycare centers.

7. Prevention
 Preventive measures include:
 Hand Hygiene: Frequent hand washing with soap and water, especially after
touching the eyes or coming into contact with potentially contaminated
surfaces.
 Avoiding Close Contact: Limit close contact with infected individuals, especially
in crowded settings.
 Good Respiratory Hygiene: Covering the mouth and nose when sneezing or
coughing to prevent respiratory droplet transmission.
 Avoiding sharing personal items such as towels, pillowcases, and eye makeup.
 Practicing good hygiene in public spaces, such as regularly disinfecting surfaces
that may come into contact with hands and eyes.
 Isolating infected individuals, especially in places like schools or daycare
centers, to prevent outbreaks.

10. Reference
 Shafiei K, Makvandi M, Teimoori A, Samarbafzadeh A, Khataminia G, Jalilian
S, Neisi N, Makvandi K, Haj MS. Frequency of adenovirus serotype 8 in
patients with Keratoconjunctivitis, in Ahvaz, Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 2019
Apr;11(2):129-136. PMID: 31341567; PMCID: PMC6635320.
 https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191370-overview?form=fpf
 https://www.healthline.com/health/eye-health/adenoviral-conjunctivitis