This document discusses zero and first conditional sentences in English. It explains that zero conditional sentences use the present simple tense to talk about things that always happen in a predictable way. First conditional sentences use the present simple in the if-clause and will or may in the result clause to talk about possible future events. Examples are provided of sentence structures and uses for both zero and first conditional sentences.

1. Zero Conditional & First Conditional

2. A conditional sentence has 2 clauses:
If-clause Result clause
If the weather is fine, we eat in the garden
we will go outIf the weather is good
tomorrow,
Each clause or both clauses can be negative:
If the weather isn’t fine, our dog doesn’t
like to go out.
I’ll be sad if the weather isn’t good
tomorrow.

3. Zero Conditional
Children learn quickly if they are interested.
If you have a big car, you pay a lot for
petrol.
If-clause Result clause
Present Simple Present Simple
Flowers die if they are not watered.
Don’t forget to switch off the light if you
leave.
We use Zero Conditionals to talk about things
that always happen in the same way every
time:
If I eat too much, I get a stomach ache.
Felix is always in a good mood if his team wins.

4. We can use Zero Conditionals to give facts –
this can be about science or rules in sport:
If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
If he kicks a drop goal, his team gets 3
points.
We can use Zero
Conditionals to talk about
behavior of people we
know when they react in
the same way every time:
If I get home late, my
wife gets angry.

5. make zero conditional
sentences
0 You have to pay a
fine
1 If I’m late for work
2 Jane gets very ill
3 If water cools to 0°C
4 He scores a point
5 If the alarm goes off
a) if she eats seafood.
b) the police come
automatically.
c) if his opponent misses
the ball.
d) if you get caught
speeding
e) my manager always
notices
f) it freezes

6. Open the brackets and put
the verbs in the correct
form
1. If you _______ (study) hard, you ____ a
good student.
2. If it _____ (rain), you ____ (get) wet.
3. If you ___ (mix) red and yellow, you ___
(get) orange.
4. If he _____ (work) a lot, he ____ (earn)
a lot of money.
5. If she _____ (wear) a blue dress, she
____ (look) great.
study are
rains get
mix get
works earns
wears
looks

7. 6. If we ______ (watch) TV, we ______
(enjoy) a lot.
7. If he _____ (play) football, he ____
(get) tired.
8. If I ____ (eat) too much, I ____ (feel)
bad.
9. If you ____ (heat) water, it ____ (boil).
10. If someone ______ (enter) the building,
the alarm ________ (go off).
11. If you _____ (press) this button, the
computer _________ (turn on).
watch enjoy
plays gets
eat feel
heat boils
enters
goes off
press
turns on

8. for these zero conditional
sentences
1. If you eat fast food,
a) you will gain weight
b) you gains weight
c) you gain weight
d) you gained weight

9. for these zero conditional
sentences
2. If you study hard,
a) you get good grades
b) you got good grades
c) you getting good grades
d) you will get good grades

10. for these zero conditional
sentences
3. When she works early,
a) she woke up early
b) she will wake up early
c) she wake up early
d) she wakes up early

11. for these zero conditional
sentences
4. When the radio plays,
a) it’s hard to hear you speak
b) it was hard to hear you speak
c) it is hard to hear you spoke
d) it is hard to hear you will speak

12. for these zero conditional
sentences
5. I always wear a jacket
a) when it will be cold
b) when it is cold
c) when it was cold
d) when it is being cold

13. for these zero conditional
sentences
6. He never buys lunch
a) if he doesn’t has cash
b) if he no have cash
c) if he won’t have cash
d) if he doesn’t have cash

14. for these zero conditional
sentences
7. When you heat water,
a) it boils
b) it’s boiling
c) boils the water
d) it was boil

15. for these zero conditional
sentences
8. Does ice melt
a) if it is in the sun?
b) if it were in the sun?
c) if they are in the sun?
d) if it will be in the sun?

16. for these zero conditional
sentences
9. What do you do
a) if the teacher was sick?
b) if the teacher had been sick?
c) if the teacher will be sick?
d) if the teacher is sick?

17. for these zero conditional
sentences
10. Does the computer work
a) if you use batteries?
b) if you used batteries?
c) if you will use batteries?
d) if you had used batteries?

18. Check!
1) c
2) a
3) d
4) a
5) b
6) d
7) a
8) a
9) d
10) a

19. First Conditional
If I win our tennis match, Dan will be annoyed.
If you have a headache, you should take an
aspirin.
If-clause Result clause
Present Simple
Future Simple or Modal Verbs
or Imperative Mood
We use First Conditional to talk about a future
possibility when we feel confident about our
predictions:
If they don’t leave right now, they will miss the
train.

20. We can use unless to mean if…not:
They’ll miss the train unless they leave
right now (=if they don’t leave right now).
We use First Conditional to talk about the things
that are possible in the future. This might be a
warning.
If you don’t apologize, Keith will be very cross.
If you don’t get up now, you’ll miss the bus.
We use First Conditional to make realistic
predictions about our lives in the future:
If I fail my exams, I won’t get into university.