The document discusses different types of conditional clauses in English, including zero, first, second, and third conditionals. It provides the structure and examples for each conditional type. The zero conditional is used for facts or generally true statements and uses the present simple in both clauses. The first conditional talks about possible future events and uses the present simple in the if-clause and will + infinitive in the main clause. The second conditional talks about imaginary situations and uses the past simple in the if-clause and would/could + infinitive in the main clause. The third conditional talks about unreal past situations and uses the past perfect in the if-clause and would/could have + past participle in the main clause.

1. CONDITIONAL
CLAUSES

2. THE ZERO
CONDITIONAL

3. ZERO CONDITIONAL
• We use the zero conditional when we
talk about facts or things that are
generally true.
• STRUCTURE:
IF CLAUSE (Hypothesis) MAIN CLAUSE (Result)
IF + Present simple Present simple

4. ZERO CONDITIONAL
• EXAMPLE:
– If you heat ice, it melts.

5. THE FIRST
CONDITIONAL

6. FIRST CONDITIONAL
• We use the first conditional to talk
about real situations that might happen
in the future.
• STRUCTURE:
IF CLAUSE (Hypothesis) MAIN CLAUSE (Result)
IF + Present simple Future simple (will + infinitive)
Can/May/Might/Must + infinitive

7. FIRST CONDITIONAL
• EXAMPLE:
– If you study hard, you will get good marks.

8. THE SECOND
CONDITIONAL

9. SECOND CONDITIONAL
• We use the second conditional to talk
about imaginary situations.
• We can also use this conditional to give
advice.
• STRUCTURE:
IF CLAUSE (Hypothesis) MAIN CLAUSE (Result)
IF + Past simple Would/Could + infinitive

10. SECOND CONDITIONAL
• EXAMPLE:
– If I were a superhero, I would have the
power of teleportation.

11. SECOND CONDITIONAL
• EXAMPLE:
– If I were you, I would go to the
psychologist.

12. THE THIRD
CONDITIONAL

13. THIRD CONDITIONAL
• We use the third conditional to talk about
situations from the past that never happened
and imagine what results they would have had.
• We can also use this conditional to express
regret for not having done an action in the
past.
• STRUCTURE:
IF CLAUSE (Hypothesis) MAIN CLAUSE (Result)
IF + Past perfect Would/Could + have + past participle

14. THIRD CONDITIONAL
• EXAMPLE:
– If you had had famous parents, you would
have had an amazing life.

15. THIRD CONDITIONAL
• EXAMPLE:
– If I had trained harder, I would have won
the race.

17. ZERO
CONDITIONAL

18. If people _______
(eat) too much, they
_______ (get) fat.
1.

19. If people _______
(eat) too much, they
_______ (get) fat.
eat
get
1.

20. If you ______ (boil)
water, it __________
(evaporate).
2.

21. If you ______ (boil)
water, it __________
(evaporate).
boil
evaporates
2.

22. People ______ (die) if
they __________
(not eat).
3.

23. People ______ (die) if
they __________
(not eat).
die
don’t eat
3.

24. You ______ (get)
water if you ______
(mix) hydrogen and
oxygen.
4.

25. You ______ (get)
water if you ______
(mix) hydrogen and
oxygen.
get
mix
4.

26. Snakes ______ (bite)
if they ______ (be)
scared.
5.

27. Snakes ______ (bite)
if they ______ (be)
scared.
bite
are
5.

28. If babies _______
(be) hungry, they
______ (cry).
6.

29. If babies _______
(be) hungry, they
______ (cry).
are
cry
6.

30. If you _________
(not sleep) enough, you
______ (feel) tired.
7.

31. If you _________
(not sleep) enough, you
______ (feel) tired.
don’t sleep
feel
7.

32. If you _______ (want)
to succeed in life, you
_______ (have) to
work hard.
8.

33. If you _______ (want)
to succeed in life, you
_______ (have) to
work hard.
want
have
8.

34. If you _______
(freeze) water, it
______ (turn) into ice.
9.

35. If you _______
(freeze) water, it
______ (turn) into ice.
freeze
turns
9.

36. If students _______
(miss) an exam, the
teacher ______ (fail)
them.
10.

37. If students _______
(miss) an exam, the
teacher ______ (fail)
them.
miss
fails
10.

38. FIRST
CONDITIONAL

39. If it ______ (rain),
I _______ (stay) at
home.
1.

40. If it ______ (rain),
I _______ (stay) at
home.
rains
will stay
1.

41. If I _______ (study)
today, I ______ (go)
to the party tonight.
2.

42. If I _______ (study)
today, I ______ (go)
to the party tonight.
study
will go
2.

43. They _______ (be)
late if the train
______ (be) delayed.
3.

44. They _______ (be)
late if the train
______ (be) delayed.
will be
is
3.

45. She _______ (miss)
the bus if she
___________ (not
leave) soon.
4.

46. She _______ (miss)
the bus if she
___________ (not
leave) soon.
will miss
doesn’t leave
4.

47. If I ______ (have)
enough money, I
________ (buy) some
new clothes.
5.

48. If I ______ (have)
enough money, I
________ (buy) some
new clothes.
have
will buy
5.

49. If it ______ (be)
sunny tomorrow, we
_______ (go) to the
park.
6.

50. If it ______ (be)
sunny tomorrow, we
_______ (go) to the
park.
is
will go
6.

51. If Jack _______
(leave), his parents
________ (be) sad.
7.

52. If Jack _______
(leave), his parents
________ (be) sad.
leaves
will be
7.

53. If I ______ (find) her
email, I _______
(send) her the picture.
8.

54. If I ______ (find) her
email, I _______
(send) her the picture.
find
will send
8.

55. We ________ (cancel)
the picnic if it _____
(be) rainy.
9.

56. We ________ (cancel)
the picnic if it _____
(be) rainy.
will cancel
is
9.

57. They _______ (be) in
trouble if they
________ (not get)
the contract.
10.

58. They _______ (be) in
trouble if they
________ (not get)
the contract.
will be
don’t get
10.

59. SECOND
CONDITIONAL

60. If I ______ (be) you,
I _________ (study)
for the final exam.
1.

61. If I ______ (be) you,
I _________ (study)
for the final exam.
were
would study
1.

62. If you _______ (tidy)
up your bedroom every
day, it _________
(not be) a mess.
2.

63. If you _______ (tidy)
up your bedroom every
day, it _________
(not be) a mess.
tidied
wouldn’t be
2.

64. If they ______ (know)
more vocabulary, they
_________ (be) able
to understand more
easily.
3.

65. If they ______ (know)
more vocabulary, they
_________ (be) able
to understand more
easily.
knew
would be
3.

66. If my parents ______
(be) rich, I
___________ (not
need) to work so much.
4.

67. If my parents ______
(be) rich, I
___________ (not
need) to work so much.
were
wouldn’t need
4.

68. You ________ (be)
healthier if you _____
(eat) less red meat.
5.

69. You ________ (be)
healthier if you _____
(eat) less red meat.
would be
ate
5.

70. If my computer
__________ (function)
properly, I
__________ (use) it
more often.
6.

71. If my computer
__________ (function)
properly, I
__________ (use) it
more often.
functioned
would use
6.

72. I _________ (not do)
the chores myself if I
______ (have) more
money.
7.

73. I _________ (not do)
the chores myself if I
______ (have) more
money.
wouldn’t do
had
7.

74. There _______ (be)
confrontation if the
two opposite
cheerleaders
_________ (appear).
8.

75. There _______ (be)
confrontation if the
two opposite
cheerleaders
_________ (appear).
would be
appeared
8.

76. If I ______ (win) the
lottery, I
__________ (travel)
all over the world.
9.

77. If I ______ (win) the
lottery, I
__________ (travel)
all over the world.
won
would travel
9.

78. I _________ (visit)
The Opera House if I
______ (go) to
Sydney.
10.

79. I _________ (visit)
The Opera House if I
______ (go) to
Sydney.
would visit
went
10.

80. THIRD
CONDITIONAL

81. If you __________
(not be) late, we
________________
(not miss) the bus.
1.

82. If you __________
(not be) late, we
________________
(not miss) the bus.
hadn’t been
wouldn’t have missed
1.

83. If she ____________
(study), she
________________
(pass) the exam.
2.

84. If she ____________
(study), she
________________
(pass) the exam.
had studied
would have passed
2.

85. We _____________
(see) the children if
we ___________
(arrive) earlier.
3.

86. We _____________
(see) the children if
we ___________
(arrive) earlier.
would have seen
had arrived
3.

87. If they _________
(go) to bed early, they
__________________
(not wake) up late.
4.

88. If they _________
(go) to bed early, they
__________________
(not wake) up late.
had gone
wouldn’t have woken
4.

89. If he __________
(become) a musician,
he
_________________
(record) an album.
5.

90. If he __________
(become) a musician,
he
_________________
(record) an album.
had become
would have recorded
5.

91. If I ___________
(be) born in a
different country, I
_________________
(learn) to speak a
different language.
6.

92. If I ___________
(be) born in a
different country, I
_________________
(learn) to speak a
different language.
had been
would have learnt
6.

93. If she __________
(go) to university, she
_________________
(study) Medicine.
7.

94. If she __________
(go) to university, she
_________________
(study) Medicine.
had gone
would have studied
7.

95. If we ___________
(stay) at home, we
__________________
(not meet) them.
8.

96. If we ___________
(stay) at home, we
__________________
(not meet) them.
had stayed
wouldn’t have met
8.

97. They
________________
(not have) the accident
if they __________
(drive) more carefully.
9.

98. They
________________
(not have) the accident
if they __________
(drive) more carefully.
wouldn’t have had
had driven
9.

99. If I __________
(save) my money, I
________________
(buy) a new laptop.
10.

100. If I __________
(save) my money, I
________________
(buy) a new laptop.
had saved
would have bought
10.

102. MIXED
CONDITIONALS

103. If you __________
(not leave) now, you
_________ (miss) the
last bus.
1.

104. If you __________
(not leave) now, you
_________ (miss) the
last bus.
don’t leave
will miss
1.
1st

105. If the weather _____
(be) fine, she usually
_______ (walk) to
work.
2.

106. If the weather _____
(be) fine, she usually
_______ (walk) to
work.
is
walks
2.
0

107. If I ______ (win) a
million dollars, I (stop)
__________ working.
3.

108. If I ______ (win) a
million dollars, I (stop)
__________ working.
won
would stop
3.
2nd

109. If he __________
(study) at university,
he ______________
(get) a better job.
4.

110. If he __________
(study) at university,
he ______________
(get) a better job.
had studied
would have got
4.
3rd

111. They usually _______
(read) if there ______
(be) nothing on TV.
5.

112. They usually _______
(read) if there ______
(be) nothing on TV.
read
is
5.
0

113. I _______________
(not do) it if I
_________ (know) it
was going to be so
difficult.
6.

114. I _______________
(not do) it if I
_________ (know) it
was going to be so
difficult.
wouldn’t have done
had known
6.
3rd

115. I ________ (tell)
Mary you phoned if I
_______ (see) her.
7.

116. I ________ (tell)
Mary you phoned if I
_______ (see) her.
will tell
see
7.
1st

117. She ______________
(not get) the job if
she ____________
(not speak) German.
8.

118. She ______________
(not get) the job if
she ____________
(not speak) German.
wouldn’t have got
hadn’t spoken
8.
3rd

119. What ___________
(we/do) if it ______
(snow) tomorrow?
9.

120. What ___________
(we/do) if it ______
(snow) tomorrow?
will we do
snows
9.
1st

121. I ________________
(come) to see you if I
__________ (know)
you were in hospital.
10.

122. I ________________
(come) to see you if I
__________ (know)
you were in hospital.
would have come
had known
10.
3rd