This topic guides you how to flowchart...What are the symbols. Some mathematical symbols are included to especially equal,more than, less than, not equal, more than or equal to, and less than or equal to. Flowcharting...what is that???Flowcharting is just a building house using your bricks, tools in carpenter, and a blueprint...So, [G]LHF ([G]OOD LUCK HAVE FUN) ^_^

1. Computer programming:
know how to FLOWCHART?
Presented by:
Angelo G. Tomboc
Jonathan H. Llego

2. FLOWCHARTING
 Flowchart is one of the processes used
in designing or planning the solution to a
problem.
 It is a graphical representation to the
solution of a problem.
 It uses shapes to show instructions and
arrow lines and heads to display the
flow.

3. Symbols Used in Flowcharts
Picture Shape Name Action
Represented
Oval Terminal Symbol Represents start
and end of the Program
Parallelogram Input/Output Indicates input
and output
Rectangle Process This represents processing of
action. Example, mathematical
operator
Diamond Decision Since computer only answer the
question yes/no, this is used to
represent logical test for the
program
Hexagon Initialization/
Preparation
This is used to prepare memory
for repetition of an action
Arrow Lines &
Arrow Heads
Direction This shows the flow of the
program
Annotation This is used to
describe action or variables
Circle On page
connector
This is used to show connector or
part of program to another part.
Pentagon Off-page
connector
This is used to connect part of a
program to another part on other
page or paper

4. Basic Control Structures
at Flowcharting
 I. Sequence – process which is executed from
one to another in a straightforward manner.

5. Examples:
 1. Design a flowchart that will accept and display a
number. Write its equivalent algorithms.
Start
Print N
Read N
End
Algorithm:
Step 1. Read in the value of N.
Step 2. Print the value of N.

6.  2. Draw a flowchart that will compute and display
the sum and product of two numbers. Write its
equivalent.
Start
Sum=0
Product=0
Read A, B
Sum=A+B
Product=A*B
Print Sum,
Product
End
Algorithm:
Step 1. Initialize Sum and Product into 0.
Step 2. Read in the values of A and B.
Step 3. Compute Sum by adding A and B then
compute Product by multiplying A and B.
Step 4. Print the computed value of Sum and Product.

7.  3. Construct a flowchart that will convert an inputted
number in Fahrenheit to its equivalent measure in
Celsius.
Start
Celsius=0
Read
Fahrenheit
Sum=A+B
Product=A*B
Print Sum,
Product
End
Algorithm:
Step 1. Initialize Celsius into 0.
Step 2. Read in the value of Fahrenheit.
Step 3. Compute the computed value of Celsius

8.  II. Selection (If – then – else) – a choice is
provided between two alternatives.
C
A
B
T
F

9. Operators Commonly Used in Flowcharting
 Arithmetic Operations
 Logical Operators
Operators Meaning
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
Operators Meaning
&& AND
|| OR
! NOT

10. ^_^ USES OF DECISION SYMBOLS ^_^
 One of the symbols used in flowcharting in the decision
symbol or the diamond. This symbol requires logical test
that could be determined by using conditional statements
or characters which are listed below. Through logical test,
this symbol provides two answers, if the value evaluated by
the decision symbol produces a true result or if it did not
meet the value on the conditional statement it renders a
“false” value.

11.  1. Draw a flowchart that will input for A and B.
Compare two values inputted and print which of
the values is higher including the remark “Higher”.
Write its equivalent algorithm.
Examples:
Celsius=0
Start
A>B
Print B
“Higher”
Print A
“Higher”
End
Algorithm:
Step 1. Read in the values of A and B.
Step 2. Test if A is greater than B.
Step 3. If A is greater than B, A is higher. However, if A is
less than B, B is higher.
Step 4. Print the number and the remark “Higher”.

12.  2. Draw a flowchart that will input a grade of student
and determine whether the grade is passed or
failed. Print the name, grade and remarks of
student. Write its equivalent algorithm.
Name=“”
Remarks=“”
Start
A>B
Read Name,
Grade
EndRemarks=“Failed”
Remarks=“Passed”
Print Name,
Grade, Remarks
Algorithm:
Step 1. Initialize name and remarks into blanks.
Step 2. Read in values for Grade and Name.
Step 3. Test if Grade is greater than or equal to 60.
Step 4. If Grade is greater than or equal to 60,
remark is “Passed”. However, if Grade is
below 60, remark is “Failed”.
Step 5. Print the name, grade, and remarks.

13. Mathematical
Notation
Flowchart
Notation
Symbol
= = Equal
<> Not Equal
< < Less Than
> > Greater Than
<= Less than or equal to
>= Greater than or equal to
How to know those mathematical
notations that can be converted
into flowchart notations???

14. Not Equal
 The operator is
used to compare if
the two values are
not equal or show
inequality. This is
the inverse of
equal operator.
Syntax of the
operator is: “Is
Value 1 <> Value
2”.
Start
Is
V1<> V2
Process for
true value
Process for
false value
Yes No
Stop
Enter
V1 and V2
V1-represents value 1
V2-represents value 2

15. Less Than
 The operator used
to test if value1 is
less than value2
and vice versa. If
value1 is less than
value2 it will flow to
the “true” side of
the decision
symbol else(value2
is less than value1)
the direction will
follow to the “false”
side of the decision
symbol.
Start
Is
V1< V2
Process for
true value
Process for
false value
Yes No
Stop
Enter
V1 and V2
V1-represents value 1
V2-represents value 2

16. More Than
 The operator used
to test if value1 is
more than value2
and vice versa. If
value1 is more than
value2 it will flow to
the “true” side of the
decision symbol
else (value2 is more
than the value hold
by value1) the
direction will flow to
the “false” side of
the decision symbol.
Start
Is
V1> V2
Process for
true value
Process for
false value
Yes No
Stop
Enter
V1 and V2
V1-represents value 1
V2-represents value 2

17. Less Than Equal
 The operator is used to
test if the value1 is less
than value2. If value1 is
less than value2 it will
flow to the “true” side of
the decision symbol
else(value2 is less than
value1) the direction will
flow to the “false side of
the decision symbol.
Also, if value1 is equal
to value2, the flow of
the program will go to
the “true” side.
Start
Is
V1<=V2
Process for
true value
Process for
false value
Yes No
Stop
Enter
V1 and V2
V1-represents value 1
V2-represents value 2

18. More Than Equal
 The operator is used
to test if the value1 is
more than or equal to
the value2. If the
value1 is more than or
equal to the value2 it
will flow to the “true”
side of the decision
symbol else(value2 is
more than the value1)
direction will flow to
the “false” side of the
decision symbol.
Start
Is
V1<=V2
Process for
true value
Process for
false value
Yes No
Stop
Enter
V1 and V2
V1-represents value 1
V2-represents value 2

19. ANGEL G. TOMBOC JONATHAN H. LLEGO

20. Thanks for viewing!!! ^_^
All action is reaction....
~Ember Spirit~