This document provides an overview of computer networks, including general approaches to communication, network classifications, and modern technologies. It discusses two main approaches to communication: client-server networks and peer-to-peer networks. It also defines and describes personal area networks (PAN), local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), and wide area networks (WAN). Finally, it lists some modern technologies like smart homes, robotics, smart watches, virtual agents, and robotic process automation.

1. City University
Course Title: Computer Networks
Course Code: CSE317
Topic Name: General Approaches of Communication
within a Network, Network classification
&
Modern Technologies in Modern World
Submitted By
Nishat Tasnim Ali
ID:1834902591
Batch: 49th
Submitted To
Pranab Bandhu Nath Senior
Lecturer
Department of CSE
City University

2. General Approaches of Communication
within a Network
There are two main approaches of communication in network:
1. Client-Server Network: The server provide the access of resources
such as Web pages, databases etc. to other nodes (client) on the
network.
2. Peer-to-Peer Network: Nodes have equal authority and act as
client-server both such as popular games, movies, music etc.
Classification of Network
1.PAN: Personal Area Network is a network that interconnects
devices within an individual person’s workspace. The range is only
10 meter. PAN is used for connecting devices like personal
computer, mobile phone, laptop, play stations etc. PAN is
developed simply by using WIFI, Bluetooth and USB. Generally it
is used at home, home offices or body area network.
2.LAN: Local Area Network is a group of computers that are
connected to each other in a small area. The range of LAN is up to
1km. Star, ring topologies are used in LAN. LAN are used for data
processing, data entry and email system. It use twisted pair cable,
coaxial cable etc.as communication medium. It is less costly and
provides higher security. Data transfer rate is faster in LAN.
Generally used in offices, schools, buildings etc.
3.MAN: Metropolitan Area Network is a network that interconnects
devices in a different LAN to form a larger network that can cover
a larger geographical area. The range is up to 10 km. In MAN,
different LANs are connected to each other through a telephone
exchange line. Generally MAN is used in communication between
banks, colleges, airline reservation within a city.

3. 4.WAN: Wide Area Network is a network that extends over a large
geographic area like state or countries. It is not limited to single
location but over a large geographic area through telephone line,
fiber optic cable or satellite links.
Internet is the biggest WAN network. WAN is also used in Mobile
Broadband, Last mile, Private network.
Modern Technologies of Modern World
1. Smart home: Smart home technology is the term where home
amenities have been fitted with communication technology
enable some degree either automatic or remote control. There
is a central control automation system that controls
everything in the house. There are smart gadgets like smart
speakers, thermostats, light automation, video door bells,
robot vacuums, smart ovens, dishwashers, sensors, video
monitoring etc. are used in smart houses.
2. Robotics: Robots are widely used in manufacturing, mining,
packaging, transport, earth and space exploration, surgery,
weaponry, laboratory research etc.
3. Smart Watch: It is a wearable computer function in the form
of a watch. It has many features like monitoring heart rate,
tracking activities, setting reminders etc.
4. Virtual Agents: It is a compiler application that interacts with
humans. It has become valuable tool for business.
5. RPA: it is an application of AI that configures a robot to
communicate and analyze data.