A computer network connects multiple computers together allowing them to share resources like internet access, printers, and file servers. There are 5 categories of computer networks:
1) Local Area Network (LAN) - connects computers in a small area like a building using cables or wireless technology.
2) Personal Area Network (PAN) - connects personal devices within 10 meters of an individual.
3) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - connects multiple LANs in a larger region like a city using telephone lines.
4) Wide Area Network (WAN) - extends over large geographic areas like countries using telephone lines, fiber optic cables, or satellites.
5) The internet is one example of a large WAN.
A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables
the computer to communicate with another computer and share their resources,
data and application.
A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables
the computer to communicate with another computer and share their resources,
data and application.
Illustrate this Basic concept of Computer networks and
distributed systems, Goals of networking, General approaches of communication within a network, Network classification, Uses & Network Software
THIS PRESANTATION IS ONLY FOR STUDENT.WHEN YOU LOOKINGV ANY ERROR SENTENCE PLESE KINDELY IGNORE OAY GYES. I AM NALIN SINHA FROM RAJATHAN.THIS PRESENTATION IS MADE UP ONLY 2 HOURS.SO, LESSION HERE YOU LOOK IT IS MUSICSLIDE SHOW.
Illustrate this Basic concept of Computer networks and
distributed systems, Goals of networking, General approaches of communication within a network, Network classification, Uses & Network Software
THIS PRESANTATION IS ONLY FOR STUDENT.WHEN YOU LOOKINGV ANY ERROR SENTENCE PLESE KINDELY IGNORE OAY GYES. I AM NALIN SINHA FROM RAJATHAN.THIS PRESENTATION IS MADE UP ONLY 2 HOURS.SO, LESSION HERE YOU LOOK IT IS MUSICSLIDE SHOW.
Computer networking is the practice of connecting multiple devices to share resources and communicate with each other. It involves the use of various hardware and software components to facilitate data transmission and exchange between computers, servers, routers, switches, and other network devices.At its core, computer networking enables the sharing of information, files, and resources such as printers and internet connections among interconnected devices. This connectivity allows users to collaborate, access remote resources, and communicate in real-time, whether within a local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), or the internet.The foundation of computer networking lies in the establishment of protocols and standards that govern how data is transmitted and received across the network. Protocols such as TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) define rules for addressing, routing, and error detection to ensure reliable and efficient communication between devices.Networking hardware plays a crucial role in facilitating connectivity and data transmission within a network. Devices such as routers, switches, hubs, and access points serve as the infrastructure that enables devices to connect and communicate with each other. Routers, for example, manage data traffic between different networks, while switches facilitate communication within a single network by directing data packets to their intended destinations.In addition to hardware components, networking relies heavily on software solutions to manage and control network operations. Network operating systems (NOS) provide the necessary software infrastructure for configuring and managing network devices, implementing security measures, and monitoring network performance. Examples of popular NOS include Cisco IOS, Juniper Junos, and Microsoft Windows Server.Security is a critical aspect of computer networking, given the potential risks associated with unauthorized access, data breaches, and cyberattacks. Network security measures such as firewalls, encryption, virtual private networks (VPNs), and intrusion detection systems (IDS) help safeguard network resources and sensitive information from malicious threats.Computer networking encompasses a wide range of technologies and methodologies, including wired and wireless networking, cloud computing, virtualization, and software-defined networking (SDN). Wired networking utilizes physical cables such as Ethernet or fiber optic cables to establish connections between devices, while wireless networking relies on radio waves to transmit data over the air.Cloud computing and virtualization technologies have revolutionized the way networks are deployed and managed, allowing organizations to leverage shared resources and scale their infrastructure dynamically. Software-defined networking (SDN) is another emerging paradigm that centralizes network control and management through software-based controllers, enabling greater flexibility,
There are many different types of networks, which can be used for different purposes. A computer network can be categorized by its size, connectivity, medium, and mobility.
Here is the description of Computer Networks. I discussed about the types of network. PAN (Personal Area Network), LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network) and so on.
Types of Computer Networks bba 1st sem.pptxPankaj Chandel
There are various types of computer networks available. We can categorize them according to their size as well as their purpose.
The size of a network should be expressed by the geographic area and number of computers, which are a part of their networks. It includes devices housed in a single room to millions of devices spread across the world.
Some of the most popular network types are:
PAN
LAN
MAN
WAN
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. COMPUTER NETWORKING
Objectives: At the end of this lesson students will be able to;
1. Define computer network
2. Mention 5 categories of computer networking
What is a computer network?
A computer networking is a set of connected computers. Computers on a network are called
nodes. The connection between computers can be done via cabling, most commonly the Ethernet
cable, or wirelessly through radio waves. Connected computers can share resources, like access to
the Internet, printers, file servers, and others. A network is a multipurpose connection, which
allows a single computer to do more.
Computer networking can be categorized into four
1. LAN (Local Area Network)
2. PAN (Personal Area Network)
3. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
4. WAN (Wide Area Network)
2. LAN (Local Area Network)
Local Area Network is a group of computers connected to each other in a small area such
as building, office. LAN is used for connecting two or more personal computers through a
communication medium such as twisted pair, coaxial cable, etc. It is less costly as it is built with
inexpensive hardware such as hubs, network adapters, and Ethernet cables. The data is transferred
at an extremely faster rate in Local Area Network. Local Area Network provides higher security.
3. PAN (Personal Area Network)
Personal Area Network is a network arranged within an individual person, typically within
a range of 10 meters. Personal Area Network is used for connecting the computer devices of
personal use is known as Personal Area Network. Thomas Zimmerman was the first research
scientist to bring the idea of the Personal Area Network. Personal Area Network covers an area of
30 feet. Personal computer devices that are used to develop the personal area network are the
laptop, mobile phones, media player and play stations. There are two types of Personal Area
Network;
Wireless Personal Area Network: Wireless Personal Area Network is developed by simply using
wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth. It is a low range network.
Wired Personal Area Network: Wired Personal Area Network is created by using the USB.
4. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
A metropolitan area network is a network that covers a larger geographic area by
interconnecting a different LAN to form a larger network. Government agencies use MAN to
connect to the citizens and private industries. In MAN, various LANs are connected to each other
through a telephone exchange line. The most widely used protocols in MAN are RS-232, Frame
Relay, ATM, ISDN, OC-3, ADSL, etc. It has a higher range than Local Area Network(LAN).
WAN (Wide Area Network)
A Wide Area Network is a network that extends over a large geographical area such as
states or countries. A Wide Area Network is quite bigger network than the LAN. A Wide Area
Network is not limited to a single location, but it spans over a large geographical area through a
telephone line, fibre optic cable or satellite links. The internet is one of the biggest WAN in the
world. A Wide Area Network is widely used in the field of Business, government, and education.
Examples of Wide Area Network:
Mobile Broadband: A 4G network is widely used across a region or country.
Last mile: A telecom company is used to provide the internet services to the customers in hundreds
of cities by connecting their home with fiber.
Private network: A bank provides a private network that connects the 44 offices. This network is
made by using the telephone leased line provided by the telecom company.
