The document provides an overview of networking, including: 1. It defines networking as linking computing devices to share data and traces the early history of networking from ARPANET in the 1960s to the development of the internet. 2. It discusses the need for networking in terms of resource sharing, reliability, and financial benefits. Hardware requirements like network cards, routers, and switches are also covered. 3. Common networking methods like LANs, WANs, and wireless networks are described along with different network topologies. Applications of networking and career opportunities are summarized.

1. To NIIT Arera Colony Bhopal Center 1 st Welcome Networking

2. Networking (Server) . COM2 . COM1 Receive Send Receive Send NIIT Receive Send Networking Topic :- Networking

3. Networking Index :- Introduction Resource Sharing Networking Methods Local area network (LAN) Hardware Required for Networking Networking Topology Scope in Networking Need for Networking History Jobs in Networking Application of Networking Wide area network (WAN) Metropolitan area network (MAN) Wireless network (WLAN,WWAN ) Reliability Financial Benefit Better Communication Medium Advantage and Disadvantage of Networking

4. Introduction :- Definition :- Networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose of sharing data . Networking

5. History :- In 1967 APRA proposed an idea to develop a small network of connected computer called APRANET . In this network each computer was connected to a specialized computer called an Interface Message Processor (IMP) . In 1969 APRANET was implemented .four computer at different geological location through the IMP S . In 1980 U.S. NSF started exploring ways to enable access of their supercomputer to researchers at various college and Uni. The NSF developed a network called the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) . In 1990 Tim Berners-Lee Created the World Wide Web ( WWW ) Networking

6. Need for Networking :- Networking Resource Sharing ,aim is to make data ,program available to anyone on the network. Reliability , file can be replicated on two or three machines if one them is unavailable the other can be used. Financial Benefit , networking of PC is batter rather then centralized large computer . Better Communication Medium , it is possible to transfer instantly any information to any other destination .

7. Hardware Required for Networking :- Networking Network cards : such as this one can transmit and receive data at high rates over various types of network cables . This card is a 'Combo' card which supports three cabling standards. Network adapter : interfaces a computer board with the network medium. Router : links two or more networks. Hub : multi-port repeater . Switches :bridging technology to forward traffic between ports.

8. Modem : A modem is a computer peripheral that allows you to connect and communicate with other computer via telephone lines . Modem There are four principal media for telecommunications Coaxial Cable Twisted Pair Cable Optical Fiber Wireless Networking

9. Networking Method :- Networking 1. Local Area network(LAN) 2.Wide Area Network(WAN) WAN Devices One way to categorize computer networks is by their geographic scope A local area network is a network that spans a relatively small space and provides services to a small number of people. The first LAN was invented by a Law Doctor in 1978 . A wide area network is a network where a wide variety of resources are deployed across a large domestic area or internationally Example :- Internet

10. 3.Metropolitan Area Networks(MAN) 4.Wireless Networks (WLAN, WWAN) Networking A metropolitan network is a network that is too large for even the largest of LAN's but is not on the scale of a WAN . Example :- City A wireless network is basically the same as a LAN or a WAN but there are no wires between hosts and servers . Wireless

11. Networking Topology :- Networking The network topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices are connected, physically and logically . Bus Star Tree (hierarchical) Ring Mesh Fully connected Partially connected BUS STAR TREE RING

12. Application of Networking :- Networking E - mail Service Locating sites using search engines Finding People on the Net Chat Video Conferencing E-Commerce Shopping on Web

13. Scope in Networking :- Networking Networking has very broad scope as a career path . Network Administrator . Network (Systems) Engineer . Network (Service) Technician . Network Programmer/Analyst . Network/Information Systems Manager . CIOs were asked: Which of the following technical skill sets are most in demand within your IT department? (All the execs worked for companies with more than 100 employees; they were allowed to select more than one skill. The survey was conducted in September 2008 .) Network administration (LAN, WAN): 70% Windows administration: 69% Desktop support: 69% Database management: 58% Wireless network management: 47% Telecommunications support: 44% Web development/Website design: 42 % Business intelligence/reporting services: 33% .NET development: 22% Linux/Unix administration: 20% Java development: 17% XML development: 17% These are good days to be a Network Administrator or a System Engineer specialist.

14. Jobs in Networking :- Networking 2007-2008 company packages Starting Average Top $ 44,790 $ 65,725 $ 76,190 In Foreign Company Pay in LPA Google 13.0 Microsoft 9.0 CISCO 5.0 IBM 2.5 Infosys 3 HCL 3.3

15. Median Salary by Job in Network Administration/IT ( In India) By Experience By Employer Type By City ( In United States ) By Experience By Employer Type By Job

16. Networking of Networking :- Advantage and Disadvantage Advantage Speed . Networks provide a very rapid method for sharing and transferring files. Centralized Software Management software can be loaded on one computer . Electronic Mail . . E-mail aids in personal and professional communication . Workgroup Computing software allows many users to work on a document or project concurrently

17. Disadvantage Requires Administrative Time . Proper maintenance of a network . File Server May Fail when the files server "goes down ," the entire network may come to a halt . Cables May Break broken cable can stop the entire network . Networking can be a waiting game where you have to wait it out patiently for the right opportunity or the right contact to come available . Networking

18. Thank You Networking Presented By Raju Singh :- Guided by: Mobile No. :-9993652310 bhopal