Hardware includes the physical parts of a computer like the case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. The case protects components and manages airflow to keep them cool. The power supply provides power to components through various connectors. The motherboard is the main circuit board that contains the CPU socket and connections for components like memory, storage, and expansion cards. It manages communication between these components through the northbridge and southbridge chips.

1. Kuliah 2 Pengantar Teknologi InformasiOleh Coky Fauzi Alficokyfauzialfi.wordpress.comHardware (1)

2. TopicsHardware is...PC versus MACPersonal Computing Hardware TimelineThe Case (Chassis)Power SupplyMotherboard

3. Hardware is the physical part of a computer — anything you can touch andanything you can see. The computer chassis, themonitor, the keyboard, themouse — that physical stuff is hardware.

4. PC versus MACVs

6. The First PC’s

7. The Case (Chassis)

8. FunctionsProtecting all components of computerProviding airflowNoise insulation

11. LayoutConventional chassis for a basic computer

12. Power Mac Chassis

14. Size

15. Airflow

16. Components can get very hot, and good airflow is needed to get that heat away from thecomponents.There are three main airflow models :Negative Pressure―sucking all the hot air out of the case.Positive Pressure―pushing hot air out of the caseEqualised Airflow―equal air intake and exhaust.

17. Power Supply

18. The power supply is the heart of the computer.It provides all of the other components in the computer with power.

20. ConnectorsMolex Connector (Standard)SATA Connector

21. FloppyConnector4+4 pin (CPU)Connector20+4 pin (Motherboard)ConnectorPCIe (6+2 pin)Connector

22. Modular vs Non-ModularLeft: ModularRight: Non-Modular

23. Motherboard

24. A motherboard is also called a main board or just “The Board”.

25. The First Motherboard―Apple II (1977)

26. Motherboard Map

27. Motherboard Size

28. Standard ATXHaving six or sevenexpansion slots and often have more SATA and IDE ports than on a Micro-ATX motherboard.

29. Micro-ATXThe only real differencebetween ATX and Micro-ATX motherboards is the number of expansion slots and the amount of space on the boards.

30. Mini-ITXMini-ITX motherboardsusually have very few SATA ports, rarelyhave an IDE port, and typically only one expansion slot.

31. ChipsetsComponents which are connected to themotherboard are controlled and connected by the chipset.This usually comprises of a northbridge chip and a southbridge chip.

32. Chipset Map

34. NorthbridgeThe northbridge chip allows the CPU, RAM and Graphics Card(s) (via PCIExpress lanes or, before that, AGP lanes) tocommunicate between each other.The northbridge no longer exists as a chip on the motherboard on newer systems; instead the PCIExpress and RAM controllers have been incorporated into the processor itself.

35. SouthbridgeThe southbridge is responsible for thecommunication between the other components, external devices, audio and the network.

36. Main Slots

37. CPU Socket

38. Memory Slots

39. Power Connector

40. Expansion Slots

41. Connectors

42. I/O Panels

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