Any person commits computer crime who knowingly accesses, attempts to access or uses, or attempts to use, any computer, computer system, computer network or any part thereof for the purpose of: (a) Devising or executing any scheme or artifice to defraud; (b) Obtaining money, property or services by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises; or Any person who knowingly and without authorization uses, accesses or attempts to access any computer, computer system, computer network, or any computer software, program, documentation or data contained in such computer, computer system or computer network, commits computer crime.

1. Computer Crime and Security
Measures
Presented by:- Group ‘C’
Saurav Basnet
Rakshya Bhusal
Mohak Shrestha
Sailesh Bariya
Sabin Kafle
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2. • Any person commits computer crime who
knowingly accesses, attempts to access or uses, or
attempts to use, any computer, computer system,
computer network or any part thereof for the
purpose of:
(a) Devising or executing any scheme or artifice
to defraud;
(b) Obtaining money, property or services by
means of false or fraudulent pretenses,
representations or promises; or
• Any person who knowingly and without
authorization uses, accesses or attempts to access
any computer, computer system, computer
network, or any computer software, program,
documentation or data contained in such
computer, computer system or computer network,
commits computer crime.
Computer Crime
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3. Who Commits Cyber Crime?
• Hackers
(who hacks others networks)
• Crackers
(are responsible of cracking
Software's)
• Untrustworthy insiders
(employers inside the organization
whom we cant have trust to)
• Sophisticated professionals
(the personals beyond ordinary)
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5. Federal and State Laws defines
Computer Crime as:-
– Stealing or compromising data
– Gaining unauthorized computer access
– Violating data belonging to banks
– Intercepting communications
– Threatening to damage
computer systems
– Disseminating viruses
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6. Types of computer crime
– Data diddling: modifying data
– Salami slicing: skimming small
amounts of money
– Phreaking: making free long
distance calls
– Cloning: cellular phone fraud
using scanners
– Carding: stealing credit card
numbers online
– Piggybacking: stealing credit
card numbers by spying
– Social engineering: tricking
employees to gain access
– Dumpster diving: finding private
info in garbage cans
– Spoofing: stealing passwords
through a false login page
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7. Consequences of cyber crime
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8. 8Saurav, Rakshya,Mohak, Sailesh, Sabin

9. Software Piracy
• Illegal distribution
or production of
the copies of
original
applications.
• The use of apps
without their
license.
• Punishable by law.
• Almost impossible
crime to stop.
• Commercial
programs that are
made available to
the public illegally.
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11. Anti piracy
• It is against piracy.
• It prevents copyright
violation.
• It describes about the
different methods of
stooping piracy.
• It mainly focus on how
the original developer
can be prevented from
being cheated. 11Saurav, Rakshya,Mohak, Sailesh, Sabin

12. Cyber law
• The term refers to all the illegal aspect of internet
and the www.
• Regulation of the Information and
communication Technology (ITC) market.
• Protection of the intellectual property in the ICT
sector
• Electronic transactions
• Non contractual liability
• Privacy protection
• Computer related crime
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13. Computer Ethics
• It is a branch of practical philosophy deals
with how computing professional should
make decisions regarding professional and
social conduct.
• The rules have been established as a result of
consensus in society and are often written
into laws.
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14. Ten Commandments of computer ethics
1) Do not use computer to harm other people: it is unethical to
harm people by accessing and destroying their lives.
2) computers should not interfere with other people's computer
work: by developing Computer viruses
3) Computers should not snoop around in other people's
files: Obtaining other people’s non-public files should be judged
4) Computers should not use to steal: they should not be used In
robbery and should be judged with strict laws against it.
5)They should not be used in giving/providing wrong information.
6) Computers should not be used on copy software for which you
have not paid: copywriting right should be followed.
7) Computers should not use other people's computer resources
without authorization: Hacking a system to break and bypass the
authorization is unethical.
8) They should not appropriate other people's intellectual
output: Intellectual property is a form of ownership, and may be
protected by copyright laws.
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15. Contd.
• 9) They should think about the social consequences
of the program you write:
The written program should not be harmful to the
society.
• 10) They can use a computer in ways that show
consideration and respect: thinking that they are the
integral part and we should be respectful to them.
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16. Computer Viruses
• Program which can copy itself
and infect another computer,
often via shared media.
• Viruses are always embedded
within another file or program.
• Just like a human virus its
number goes on increasing.
• The cause of media being
corrupt.
• Damage to storage Devices.
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17. Worms
• Self-reproducing program which propagates
via the network.
• Can fill the entire disk space with a copy of
files of it.
• It cause the harm to network by consuming
bandwidth.
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18. Trojan horse
• Program which
purports to do one
thing, but secretly
does something
else
• Program having
obvious and
unexpected effect.
• Widely known as
part of computer
virus.
• Program where
malicious or
harmful code is
contained inside
apparently
harmless
programming or
data.
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19. Root kit
• Set of programs designed to allow an adversary
to surreptitiously gain full control of a targeted
system
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20. Malware
• Malware: an inclusive term for all of the
above -- "malicious software“
• malware is sometimes known as a computer
contaminant, as in the legal codes of
several U.S. states.
• Malware is different from defective software,
which is a legitimate software but contains
harmful bugs that were not corrected before
release.
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21. Spyware
• Installed on the targeted system
without the involvement of the
user.
• Used to collect every keystrokes,
passwords, capturing screens in
real time display.
• May be browser based or report
based programs.
• Spyware can collect almost any
type of data, including personal
information like Internet
surfing habits, user logins, and
bank or credit account
information. 21Saurav, Rakshya,Mohak, Sailesh, Sabin

22. Defending Against The problem
• Rotation of employees with access to sensitive systems
• Unique ID and password
• Limit access to system
• Screening and background checks of employees
• Good security policies
• Hardware/Software
• Magnetic or digital finger printing
• Awareness of extent of problem
• Education of users
• Acceptance of responsibility
• Cryptography
• firewall
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23. Computer Security
• Computer Security –
precautions taken to
keep computers and
the information they
contain safe from
unauthorized access.
• Security to
computers can be
maintained by using
different types of
antimalware,
antiviruses, windows
defender and so on.
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24. Antivirus program
• Type of utility
software used to prevent,
detect and remove
malicious computer
viruses.
• They also enrich the
processing speed of the
processor by deleting,
repairing, cleaning and
blocking of the viruses or
the cookies or malwares.
• Provides security to the
system 24Saurav, Rakshya,Mohak, Sailesh, Sabin

25. Data and message security
• Confidentiality: This feature ensures that information does not go in to the wrong
hands when it travels from the sender to the receiver.
• Integrity: This feature ensures that the receiver of the message gets the same
information that the sender sent without any data tampering.
• Authentication: This feature verifies who the sender is and who the receiver is.
• Authorization: This feature verifies whether the user is authorized to perform the
action they are requesting from the application.
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26. Computer Security
• Recommended Safeguards
– Implement a security plan to prevent break-ins
– Use biometrics for access to computing resources
– Hire trustworthy employees
– Have a plan if break-ins do occur
– Make backups!
– Only allow access to key employees
– Change passwords frequently
– Keep stored information secure
– Use antivirus software
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27. Network security
• The security introduced inside the network
• It is created by the network administrator
• It is for to prevent unauthorized entry of the
outsiders about theirs important data.
• Types:-
• Firewall
• Cryptography
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28. Firewall• Hardware/Softwar
e component
designed to keep
unauthorized users
out of network
systems.
• Placed in between
the intranet and
internet.
• Checks the
incoming requests
of the internet
users about the
data stored in the
server computer.
• And also
allow/stopping the
data going out
from the intranet
to the internet. 28Saurav, Rakshya,Mohak, Sailesh, Sabin

29. Cryptography
• Encryption –the process of
encoding plain text to cipher
texts using cryptographic
algorithm and secret key.
• Decryption – the process of
decoding cipher text onto its
original text known as plain
text.
Types-
a. Symmetric key cryptography
Uses same key for encrypt and
decrypt.
a. Asymmetric key
cryptography
Uses the public key of the receiver
to encrypt and needs private key
of the receiver to decrypt.
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31. QnS
31
Q&S!!!!
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32. ---Group C
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