Japan and Indonesia have seen significant changes in their populations and urbanization over the past 60 years. In 1960, Japan's population was 92.5 million with 63.27% living in urban areas, while Indonesia's population was 87.7 million with only 14.58% urban. By 2019, Japan's population grew to 126.2 million with 91.69% urban, and Indonesia's population increased dramatically to 270.6 million though only 55.98% lived in cities. Both countries face environmental issues from increasing energy use such as air pollution, and deforestation has reduced Indonesia's forest cover from 65% to less than 50% of its land area since 1990.