The document compares and contrasts two instructional design models: the ADDIE model and the Dick & Carey model. The ADDIE model is a linear 5-stage process developed in 1975, while the Dick & Carey model from 1978 is iterative with 10 stages and is more detailed. Both follow a systems approach and use evaluation, but the Dick & Carey model incorporates formative evaluation at multiple points while ADDIE only has summative evaluation at the end. The ADDIE model is simpler and faster but less flexible, while the Dick & Carey model allows for more revision and flexibility. In conclusion, both models are effective tools for instructional design despite their differences.

1. COMPARING AND CONTRASTING THE
ADDIE AND DICK& CAREY ID MODELS
Kendelynn Pennerman
HRD 647 DIGITAL DESIGN FOR E-LEARNING

2. WHAT IS INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
“Instructional Design is the art and science of creating
an instructional environment and materials that will
bring the learner from the state of not being able to
accomplish certain tasks to the state of being able to
accomplish those tasks. Instructional Design is based
on theoretical and practical research in the areas of
cognition, educational psychology, and problem
solving.”(Kurt S., 2017)

3. WHAT IS AN INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODEL
An instructional design model is a tool that is used to
develop instructional material inclusive of the type of
training need, the materials that will be utilized by the
trainees and the trainer, what goals and objectives
need to be met and accomplished, what activities
need to be developed, and how evaluation of the
trainees and the design itself. This tool is often
presented as a list of steps or guidelines. Two of
these models will be presented today, they are the
ADDIE and Dick & Carey Models.

4. WHAT IS THE ADDIE MODEL
This model is a straight forward linearly structured model the
presents the instructional designer with 5 stages/ phases that was
first established in 1975 by the Centre for Educational
Technology at Florida State University. These stages are
outlined in the following diagram

5. WHAT IS THE DICK & CAREY MODEL
This model is also known as a systems approach model. IT was
established in 1978 by Walter Dick, Lou Carey and James Carey it
was based on the ADDIE model. Ii is comprised of 10 stages/ phases
which are detailed in the following diagram

6. ADDIE AND DICK & CAREY’S
Similarities Differences
 Both are popular
 Both follow a systems approach
that focuses on input, output, and
the process of designing the course
 Both make use of evaluations
 Both have clear structures making
them easy to follow
 They both point out the need for
the alignment of the objectives,
goals, and activities that learners
are expected to achieve and
complete
 ADDIE has five stages while Dick
and Carey has 10
 ADDIE is linear while Dick and
Carey is iterative
 ADDIE is simple while Dick and
Carey is complex and very detailed
 Although they both offer an
evaluation stage but they differ in
how it is carried out. The ADDIE
model reserves evaluation for the end
while Dick and Carey utilize
evaluation at various points
throughout and ending with a
summative evaluation that allows the
designer to revise where necessary.

7. ADDIE’S
Advantages Disadvantages
 It can be used in a variety of content
areas
 It’s phases are straight forward
 It takes less time and money to utilize
 It encourages learner engagement in
training and instruction
 Works well when criteria are measurable
 It assumes the instructor know all your
goals and requirements before you start
developing or even experimenting with
your content.
 It is time consuming and costly
 It does not include the possibility that
materials will not be available
 It can cause creativity to be stifled
 It does not allow for evaluation of the
design until post

8. DICK AND CAREY’S
Advantages Disadvantages
 It is comprehensive
 It identifies the various evaluations that
will be used for example pre-tests
 It is learner centered
 The steps help instructors to know what
path to follow ( what content learners
need to learn and what methods should
be used to achieve this learning)
 Allows instructors to be flexible in
choosing their materials, activities, and
use of technology
 Formative evaluation takes place at each
step and revisions are continuous
 Each stage must be completed no
skipping allowed
 It has to many steps
 It takes a lot of time and money to
utilize ( would not be appropriate to
meet a close deadline)
 It assumes that learning can be
predictable and reliable

9. CONCLUSION
Although Both the ADDIE and the Dick
and Carey Models have their strengths
and weaknesses it can be concluded
that they are both effective tools for
instructional design.

10. REFERENCES
 Bergstrom-Lynch, Y. (2019). LibGuides by Design: Using
Instructional Design Principles and User-Centered Studies to
Develop Best Practices. Public Services Quarterly, 15(3), 205–
223. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228959.2019.1632245
 KOÇ, E. (2020). Design and Evaluation of a Higher Education
Distance Eap Course by Using the Addie Model. Electronic
Journal of Social Sciences, 19(73), 522–531.
https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.526335
 Kurt, S. "Definitions of Instructional Design," in Educational
Technology, July 1, 2017. Retrieved from
https://educationaltechnology.net/definitions-instructional-design/
 The ADDIE Training Model Fully Explained. (2018, October 26).
Retrieved from https://www.talentlms.com/blog/addie-training-
model-definition-stages/
 The Dick and Carey Model History and an Overview. (n.d.).
Retrieved from
https://lti.umuc.edu/contentadaptor/topics/byid/893e59c7-0ee9-
4fad-b988-8c138a5e95ce