Textile industries represent biggest impact on the environment due to high water consumption and waste water discharge as government control water pollution by setting strength regulation for waste water discharge, removal of color from waste water becomes more and more essential and attractive. Adsorption technology is very efficient in treatment of textile effluent. In this paper comparison of adsorption phenomena of textile dye Anthraquinone blue onto two different adsorbents MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 amorphous powder has been studied for removal of said dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of Anthraquinone blue on adsorbents occurs by studying the effects of adsorbent amount, dye concentration, contact time and pH of solution. All results found that MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 provide a fairly high dye adsorption capacity, which combined with their fulfilment of pollution control board’s standards, lack of pollution, lower environmental hazard and low-cost makes them promising for future applications. The present work also provides information on optimum value of different operating parameter for dye removal by two adsorbent.
Decolorization of mixture of dyes: A critical reviewGJESM Publication
Water plays a vital and essential role in our ecosystem. This natural resource is becoming scarce, making
its availability a major social and economic concern. Use of a large variety of synthetic dyes in textile industries has raised an hazardous environmental alert. About 17 - 20% of freshwater pollution is caused by textile effluents. These effluents are recalcitrant to biodegradation and cause acute toxicity to the receiving water bodies, as these comprised of various types of toxic dyes, which are difficult to remove. Decolorisation of textile wastewater is therefore important before releasing it into the nearby local waterways. It therefore becomes essential to degrade the toxic chemicals of textile wastewater, so as to avoid the hazardous environmental effects. Several treatment methods have been employed to embark upon the problem of dye removal but degradation becomes further more difficult for effluents containing dye matrix. The
review study has been an attempt to present the different diversified attempts used for decolorisation of a mixture of dyes.
Removal of dye from polluted water using novel nano manganese oxide-based mat...Dr. Md. Aminul Islam
Dyes are priority pollutants, commonly found at significant concentrations in textile effluents. The presence of dyes stuffs in wastewater can cause severe problems to aquatic life and human beings. Therefore, the removal of dyes from wastewater is important in order to minimize their hazardous effects on the environment. One way of removing dyes is to use nanosized manganese oxides (MnOs). To date, there has been much work reported on the use of nanosized MnOs as sorbents for dyestuffs. They are promising sorbents for commercial use due to their amorphous nature, high specific surface areas (SSA), mesoporous structure, and low to the moderate point of zero charge (pHPZC). This review summarizes the toxicity and recent advances for removing dyes from wastewater using nanosized MnO sorbents. The article also describes the various experimental parameters necessary for adsorption optimization, such as adsorption time, pH, initial dye concentration, amount of sorbent and temperature. Adsorption mechanisms investigated by various modeling approaches are also discussed. In particular, it was observed that much work has been reported on the use of birnessite and its composites for dye removal. There are many papers reporting on the use of MnO in batch mode dye removal, but very few that report on the use of MnO in continuous column removal systems. Therefore, there is still a considerable need for further research to develop effective and economical large scale MnO column systems for commercial use.
Dye removal by adsorption on waste biomass - sugarcane bagasseMadhura Chincholi
The dye solution of Methylene blue was adsorbed onto bioadsorbent- sugarcane bagasse. Parameters studied were pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye conc.
Decolorization of mixture of dyes: A critical reviewGJESM Publication
Water plays a vital and essential role in our ecosystem. This natural resource is becoming scarce, making
its availability a major social and economic concern. Use of a large variety of synthetic dyes in textile industries has raised an hazardous environmental alert. About 17 - 20% of freshwater pollution is caused by textile effluents. These effluents are recalcitrant to biodegradation and cause acute toxicity to the receiving water bodies, as these comprised of various types of toxic dyes, which are difficult to remove. Decolorisation of textile wastewater is therefore important before releasing it into the nearby local waterways. It therefore becomes essential to degrade the toxic chemicals of textile wastewater, so as to avoid the hazardous environmental effects. Several treatment methods have been employed to embark upon the problem of dye removal but degradation becomes further more difficult for effluents containing dye matrix. The
review study has been an attempt to present the different diversified attempts used for decolorisation of a mixture of dyes.
Removal of dye from polluted water using novel nano manganese oxide-based mat...Dr. Md. Aminul Islam
Dyes are priority pollutants, commonly found at significant concentrations in textile effluents. The presence of dyes stuffs in wastewater can cause severe problems to aquatic life and human beings. Therefore, the removal of dyes from wastewater is important in order to minimize their hazardous effects on the environment. One way of removing dyes is to use nanosized manganese oxides (MnOs). To date, there has been much work reported on the use of nanosized MnOs as sorbents for dyestuffs. They are promising sorbents for commercial use due to their amorphous nature, high specific surface areas (SSA), mesoporous structure, and low to the moderate point of zero charge (pHPZC). This review summarizes the toxicity and recent advances for removing dyes from wastewater using nanosized MnO sorbents. The article also describes the various experimental parameters necessary for adsorption optimization, such as adsorption time, pH, initial dye concentration, amount of sorbent and temperature. Adsorption mechanisms investigated by various modeling approaches are also discussed. In particular, it was observed that much work has been reported on the use of birnessite and its composites for dye removal. There are many papers reporting on the use of MnO in batch mode dye removal, but very few that report on the use of MnO in continuous column removal systems. Therefore, there is still a considerable need for further research to develop effective and economical large scale MnO column systems for commercial use.
Dye removal by adsorption on waste biomass - sugarcane bagasseMadhura Chincholi
The dye solution of Methylene blue was adsorbed onto bioadsorbent- sugarcane bagasse. Parameters studied were pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye conc.
Dye effluents impose hazardous effects on human beings as well as on environment. The present powerpoint deals with some of the decolourization techniques that can be adopted for treating wastewater containing toxic dyes and chemicals
Aimed to investigate the potential of untreated jute stick charcoal as an alternative adsorbent for the treatment of dye containing wastewater. Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution using jute stick charcoal has been investigated. Liquid phase adsorption experiments were conducted. Batch adsorption studies are carried out by observing the effect of experimental parameters, namely, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial methylene blue concentration. The maximum removal of MB dye was 90.57% at pH 9, contact time 120 min, adsorbent dose 3 g/L and 20 mg/L initial dye concentration. Kinetic studies showed that the biosorption of MB followed Pseudo second-order kinetics. The adsorption isotherms are described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It was found that the Freundlich equation fit better than the Langmuir equation. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm equation at was 29.33 mg/g. To conclude, jute stick charcoal holds promise for methylene blue removal from aqueous solution and can be used for other dyes removal and applicable in dyeing industries in Bangladesh where centralized effluent treatment plant is absent.
Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption using Low Cost ...ijsrd.com
The present study deals with removal of methylene blue (basic dye)from aqueous solution using a low cost activated carbon prepared from Delonix regia(gulmohar seed pods).Batch adsorption studies were conducted by varying the contact time adsorbent dosage and pH
ADSORPTION OF CONGO RED DYE AND METHYLENE BLUE DYE USING ORANGE PEEL AS AN A...Ajay Singh
To reduce the concentration of the dye activated charcoal is used as an adsorbent but due to the high cost of activated charcoal, the purpose of my project was to find an alternative low-cost adsorbent.
Modified magnetite nanoparticles with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as super...Iranian Chemical Society
This paper reports application of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as a novel adsorbent for removal of two types of disperse dyes, including disperse red 167, and disperse blue 183, from wastewater of textile companies. The effect of parameters including type of surfactant, pH of solution, surfactant concentration, and amount of salt, was investigated and optimized. The obtained results showed that the ratio of initial dye concentration to CTAB amounts has critical effect on removal processes so that removal efficiencies higher than 95% can be achieved even at high concentration of dyes as high as 500 mg l-1 when the ratio is optimum. Removal of dyes is very fast, and equilibrium is reached at times less than 10 min even for high concentration of the dyes. Very high adsorbent capacity (as high as 2000 mg g-1) was yielded for maximum tested concentration of the dyes (500 mg g-1). The obtained result was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis data. This study showed that CTAB coated Fe3O4 NPs is a very efficient adsorbent for removal of dyes from wastewater of textile companies and has high capacity under optimum conditions.
The textile dyeing industry consumes large quantities of water and produces large volumes of wastewater from different processes in dyeing and finishing processes. The low-cost, easily available naturally prepared coagulants like moringa seed powder, maize seed powder, green bean powder and tamarind seed powder as an alternative to recent expensive coagulant methods for reactive dye removal has been investigated in this study. Various process parameters like pH, coagulant dose, flocculation time and also its optimization were exploited. The maximum percentage color removal was found to be 80.26, 78.30, 74.04, 72.68 and 70.53 for moringa, corn, aluminium sulphate, green bean and tamarind, respectively, at pH 9.0, coagulant dose of 30 mgL-1, flocculation time 120 min. The sludge volume index (SVI) was calculated for these parameters including process optimization. Natural coagulants were better coagulant than aluminium sulphate which corresponds to color removal and sludge volume index.
Adsorption Studies of an Acid Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Lagerstroemia ...IJMER
The effectiveness of adsorption for acid dye removal from wastewaters has made it an ideal alternative to other expensive treatment options. The removal of acid Violet 4BS onto seeds of Lagerstroemia indica (LIS) from aqueous solutions was investigated using parameters such as contact time, pH, temperature, adsorbent doses, and initial dye concentration. Adsorption isotherms of dyes onto LIS were determined and correlated with common isotherm equations such as the Langmuir and
Freundlich models. It was found that the Langmuir isotherm appears to fit the isotherm data better than
the Freundlich isotherm. Parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined using adsorption data. The maximum removal of Acid Violet 4BS by the adsorbent was obtained at pH 2. The maximum percentage of dye removal (86.67%) was obtained at an initial dye concentration of 10mg/L with adsorbent dosage of 50 mg per 50 ml of dye solution. The adsorption kinetics of acid violet 4BS could be described by the pseudo-second order reaction model. The data obtained from adsorption
isotherms at different temperatures were used to calculate several thermo-dynamic quantities such as the
Gibbs energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0), and entropy (ΔS
0) of adsorption. The adsorption process was found
to be spontaneous, exothermic and physical in nature. Locally available adsorbent LIS was found to have
a low cost and was promising for the removal of acid violet 4BS from aqueous solutions
Dye effluents impose hazardous effects on human beings as well as on environment. The present powerpoint deals with some of the decolourization techniques that can be adopted for treating wastewater containing toxic dyes and chemicals
Aimed to investigate the potential of untreated jute stick charcoal as an alternative adsorbent for the treatment of dye containing wastewater. Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution using jute stick charcoal has been investigated. Liquid phase adsorption experiments were conducted. Batch adsorption studies are carried out by observing the effect of experimental parameters, namely, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial methylene blue concentration. The maximum removal of MB dye was 90.57% at pH 9, contact time 120 min, adsorbent dose 3 g/L and 20 mg/L initial dye concentration. Kinetic studies showed that the biosorption of MB followed Pseudo second-order kinetics. The adsorption isotherms are described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It was found that the Freundlich equation fit better than the Langmuir equation. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm equation at was 29.33 mg/g. To conclude, jute stick charcoal holds promise for methylene blue removal from aqueous solution and can be used for other dyes removal and applicable in dyeing industries in Bangladesh where centralized effluent treatment plant is absent.
Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption using Low Cost ...ijsrd.com
The present study deals with removal of methylene blue (basic dye)from aqueous solution using a low cost activated carbon prepared from Delonix regia(gulmohar seed pods).Batch adsorption studies were conducted by varying the contact time adsorbent dosage and pH
ADSORPTION OF CONGO RED DYE AND METHYLENE BLUE DYE USING ORANGE PEEL AS AN A...Ajay Singh
To reduce the concentration of the dye activated charcoal is used as an adsorbent but due to the high cost of activated charcoal, the purpose of my project was to find an alternative low-cost adsorbent.
Modified magnetite nanoparticles with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as super...Iranian Chemical Society
This paper reports application of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as a novel adsorbent for removal of two types of disperse dyes, including disperse red 167, and disperse blue 183, from wastewater of textile companies. The effect of parameters including type of surfactant, pH of solution, surfactant concentration, and amount of salt, was investigated and optimized. The obtained results showed that the ratio of initial dye concentration to CTAB amounts has critical effect on removal processes so that removal efficiencies higher than 95% can be achieved even at high concentration of dyes as high as 500 mg l-1 when the ratio is optimum. Removal of dyes is very fast, and equilibrium is reached at times less than 10 min even for high concentration of the dyes. Very high adsorbent capacity (as high as 2000 mg g-1) was yielded for maximum tested concentration of the dyes (500 mg g-1). The obtained result was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis data. This study showed that CTAB coated Fe3O4 NPs is a very efficient adsorbent for removal of dyes from wastewater of textile companies and has high capacity under optimum conditions.
The textile dyeing industry consumes large quantities of water and produces large volumes of wastewater from different processes in dyeing and finishing processes. The low-cost, easily available naturally prepared coagulants like moringa seed powder, maize seed powder, green bean powder and tamarind seed powder as an alternative to recent expensive coagulant methods for reactive dye removal has been investigated in this study. Various process parameters like pH, coagulant dose, flocculation time and also its optimization were exploited. The maximum percentage color removal was found to be 80.26, 78.30, 74.04, 72.68 and 70.53 for moringa, corn, aluminium sulphate, green bean and tamarind, respectively, at pH 9.0, coagulant dose of 30 mgL-1, flocculation time 120 min. The sludge volume index (SVI) was calculated for these parameters including process optimization. Natural coagulants were better coagulant than aluminium sulphate which corresponds to color removal and sludge volume index.
Adsorption Studies of an Acid Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Lagerstroemia ...IJMER
The effectiveness of adsorption for acid dye removal from wastewaters has made it an ideal alternative to other expensive treatment options. The removal of acid Violet 4BS onto seeds of Lagerstroemia indica (LIS) from aqueous solutions was investigated using parameters such as contact time, pH, temperature, adsorbent doses, and initial dye concentration. Adsorption isotherms of dyes onto LIS were determined and correlated with common isotherm equations such as the Langmuir and
Freundlich models. It was found that the Langmuir isotherm appears to fit the isotherm data better than
the Freundlich isotherm. Parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined using adsorption data. The maximum removal of Acid Violet 4BS by the adsorbent was obtained at pH 2. The maximum percentage of dye removal (86.67%) was obtained at an initial dye concentration of 10mg/L with adsorbent dosage of 50 mg per 50 ml of dye solution. The adsorption kinetics of acid violet 4BS could be described by the pseudo-second order reaction model. The data obtained from adsorption
isotherms at different temperatures were used to calculate several thermo-dynamic quantities such as the
Gibbs energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0), and entropy (ΔS
0) of adsorption. The adsorption process was found
to be spontaneous, exothermic and physical in nature. Locally available adsorbent LIS was found to have
a low cost and was promising for the removal of acid violet 4BS from aqueous solutions
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Cationic and anionic dye adsorption by agricultural solid wastes: A comprehen...IOSR Journals
Dyes are an important class of pollutants, and can even be identified by the human eye. Disposal of dyes in precious water resources must be avoided, however, and for that various treatment technologies are in use. Among various methods adsorption occupies a prominent place in dye removal. Recently many researchers have proved that agricultural solid wastes can be effectively used as adsorbents for the removal of many pollutants including dyes. This review represents the effectiveness of agricultural solid wastes in the removal of dyes, of cationic and anionic classes, description of classification of dyes and comparison among cationic and anionic dyes adsorption by the same adsorbent, thus, possibly opening the door for a better understanding of the dye classified adsorption process. Both these classes of dyes are toxic and cause severe problems to aquatic environment. Some agricultural solid wastes can remove both dye classes. The dye adsorption capacities of agricultural waste adsorbents vary along with the variation in pH of solution, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and process temperature. As the pH of the solution affects the surface charge of the adsorbent and degree of ionization of the adsorbate, it is directly related to the dye classified adsorption. This review also contains the table representing the adsorbent and subsequent dye/dyes appropriate for a particular process. Conclusions have been drawn from the literature reviewed, and suggestions for future research are proposed.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Adsorption of dye from aqueous solutions by orange peel with Chitosan nanocom...Open Access Research Paper
This research focused on the development of adsorbents based on cheap, abundant, and locally available agricultural wastes in Tamil Nadu to adsorb dye from an aqueous solution. The goal of this study was to explore if chitosan-modified orange peel could be utilized as an adsorbent to remove colours from wastewater and if it could be employed as a traditional wastewater treatment approach in the textile sector. Using agricultural peel in decolouration technology has a lot of potential in terms of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Super nanocomposite is made from orange peel waste combined with chitosan nanoparticles. The purpose of this batch adsorption experiment was to determine the effects of adsorbent dosages, pH, and temperature on dye adsorption from wastewater. The experiment showed that the maximum amount of dye adsorbed was 53.3mg/g at pH 6.9 with a Temperature (of 600 C) and the adsorbent dose amount of adsorbent was 1.0g/L. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was used to investigate the equilibrium adsorption behaviour. The usage of orange peel with Nanocomposite as an adsorbent for the adsorption of methylene blue dye from solutions was demonstrated in this work. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in orange peels, chitosan, chitosan orange peel, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with orange peel waste were identified using FTIR, TGA, and SEM techniques. Different types of Langmuir I, Langmuir II, Langmuir III, Langmuir IV, and the Freundlich model as adsorption isotherm models were investigated.
adsorbent parameters for removal of dye products Ali
The usage of dyes is increasing due to their high demand in expanding industrial sector. As a result, large volumes of dye wastewater are being generated, particularly in the textile industry. Colored effluent discharged by industrial processes into surface water bodies negatively affects aquatic, human, and animal life, which is a major global concern. To reduce the detrimental effects of dye wastewater on the environment, it should be treated before its disposal. This article extensively reviews the existing and advancements in physical, physicochemical and chemical technologies and their efficacies in dye removal (%)
Equilibrium Studies of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution Using Corn Cob a...IJERD Editor
The objective of this work is the study of adsorption of dye solution which is a dye malachite green
using corn cob. Removal of this dye from aqueous solution using corn cob has been investigated. Liquid phase
adsorption experiments were conducted. Batch adsorption studies are Carried out by observing the effect of
experimental parameters, namely, pH, and amount of adsorbents, contact time and initial concentration.
Optimum conditions for dye removal are studied like pH value, contact time required, amount of adsorbent,
initial concentration, etc. The results generated by this work can be used for determination of optimum
conditions for adsorption of dye in aqueous solutions. Dye is present in mixture form in various Industrial
effluents like Textile Industries, Sewage water, Water treatment plants. This work can have use in Design of
adsorption columns for dyes removal. The Freundlich adsorption model assumes that adsorption takes place on
heterogeneous surfaces. Adsorption increases with increase in pH. The adsorption of cationic dye is mainly
influenced by the amount of negative charges in the solution which is actually influenced by the solution pH. At
pH=2 there is net positive charge in the solution so adsorption is less whereas at pH=12there is increase in
negative charges increasing adsorption of malachite green. Maximum adsorption was found to take place at
pH=12. Adsorption tends to increase with contact time. At first the increase in adsorption is very rapid as there
are lots of free sites for the adsorption to take place. Adsorption decreases at later stages till saturation is reached
due to saturation of active sites. The optimum contact time for equilibrium was found to be 100 min.
Operational parameters affecting the removal and recycling of direct blue ind...IJEAB
In this work the ability of “bleached” oil mill solid waste to reduce the dyestuff content in industrial textile wastewater was studied. Bleaching treatment consists in a preliminary oil mill solid waste management with NaOH and NaClO2 for obtaining cellulosic materials, mainly removing lignin from the waste surface. Thus, a novel bioadsorbent from agricultural residues, named bleached olive pomace (OP), was presented. Direct Blue 78 was studied as a model azoic dye. Experiments were planned to study the effect of different initial conditions on the adsorption processes: oil mill waste amount as grains and as a fine powder (OPP), solution temperature values, initial dye concentration, pH values and electrolytes influence. The results showed that the adsorption process using bleached oil mill waste determined an excellent degree of water color reduction, reaching the best work conditions when pH 2 and OPP were used. The presence of electrostatic interactions was also suggested. The adsorption appeared to be influenced by temperature values showing an endothermic character. Interestingly, to confirm the role of ionic interactions between dye and sorbent at pH 2, fashionable results were obtained. The adsorption process was verified also at pH 6 with 100% of dye removal in presence of both NaCl and Na2SO4 avoiding the aforementioned strong acid conditions. A very important aspect of this work is the recycle of both the dye and the adsorbent, with particular attention to the dye reuse for coloring cotton fabric.
STUDIES ON TREATMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE EFFLUENTS BY POLYMER MATERIALS M...EDITOR IJCRCPS
In the present study, sorption technique was used to achieve the optimum recovery of the pharmaceutical waste from effluents.
The modified urea formaldehyde resin was prepared and mixed with inorganic adsorbent at various proportions. The removal
capabilities of pharmaceutical waste by the prepared composite materials were investigated. Different factors affecting the uptake
such as contact time, pH value and aqueous volume to resin weight ratio have been investigated. The reaction mechanisms and
the optimum conditions for the treatment were deduced in the light of the obtained results.
Keywords: Sorption technique, Pharmaceutical waste, Different factors.
Azo dyes are one of the oldest industrially synthesized organic compounds characterized by presence of Azo bond (-N=N-) and are widely utilized as coloring agents in textile, leather, cosmetic, paint, plastic, paper, and food industries During textile processing, inefficiencies in dyeing result in large amounts of the dyestuff (varying from 2% loss when using basic dyes to a 50% loss when certain reactive dyes used) is being directly lost to the wastewater, which ultimately finds its way into the environment. The physico-chemical method of industrial effluent treatment does not remove the dyes effectively. Microbial degradation and decolorization of azo dyes has gained more attention recently because of eco-friendly and inexpensive nature. Microbes and there enzymes could decolorize the dyes by both aerobic and anaerobic metabolis. This review provides a general idea of decolorization and biodegradation of azo dyes with various microbes and highlights the application of for the treatment of azo dye-containing wastewaters.
Potential of Neem Leaf Powder as Bio Adsorbents for Dye Colour Removalijtsrd
In this study, two types of eco friendly and low cost bio adsorbents, Neem leaf powder NLP and acid treated Neem leaf powder TNLP were prepared for the removal of dye color from Congo red solution. The physicochemical parameters of the prepared absorbents were measured. The structural features of these absorbents were analyzed by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. These experiments were conducted with different process parameters such as adsorbent dosage and agitating time using batch adsorption method. Firstly, the dosage amount of adsorbents was optimized for constant shaking for one hour and it was observed that the maximum percent adsorption was found at 91 of 0.4 g for NLP and 76 of 0.4 g for TNLP. The optimum dosage amount of adsorbents, 0.4 g was selected for further study. After optimizing the adsorbent dosage, the optimum agitating time was observed at 60 min with the percent removal of 91 for NLP and 76 for TNLP. From this research, it was observed that NLP and TNLP can be used as bio adsorbents to remove the color of the dye solution. Thet Thet Wai | Ei Mon Aung | Nyein Chan Kyaw "Potential of Neem Leaf Powder as Bio-Adsorbents for Dye Colour Removal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27987.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/chemical-engineering/27987/potential-of-neem-leaf-powder-as-bio-adsorbents-for-dye-colour-removal/thet-thet-wai
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Comparative Study for Adsorptive Removal of Coralene Blue BGFS Dye from Aqueous Solution by MgO and Fe2O3 as an Adsorbent
1. Mehali Mehta et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 7( Version 3), July 2014, pp.45-56
www.ijera.com 45 | P a g e
Comparative Study for Adsorptive Removal of Coralene Blue BGFS Dye from Aqueous Solution by MgO and Fe2O3 as an Adsorbent Parth Desai, Kartik Gonawala, Mehali Mehta* 1,2Department of Environmental Engineering, Sarvajanik College of Engineering and Technology, Surat, India. 3Department of Civil Engineering, Sarvajanik College of Engineering and Technology, Surat, India. Abstract Textile industries represent biggest impact on the environment due to high water consumption and waste water discharge as government control water pollution by setting strength regulation for waste water discharge, removal of color from waste water becomes more and more essential and attractive. Adsorption technology is very efficient in treatment of textile effluent. In this paper comparison of adsorption phenomena of textile dye Anthraquinone blue onto two different adsorbents MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 amorphous powder has been studied for removal of said dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of Anthraquinone blue on adsorbents occurs by studying the effects of adsorbent amount, dye concentration, contact time and pH of solution. All results found that MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 provide a fairly high dye adsorption capacity, which combined with their fulfilment of pollution control board’s standards, lack of pollution, lower environmental hazard and low-cost makes them promising for future applications. The present work also provides information on optimum value of different operating parameter for dye removal by two adsorbent. Keywords: Textile industries, dye removal, MgO nano powder, Fe2O3 amorphous powder, Adsorption, Anthraquinone blue dye.
I. Introduction:
Dyes are synthetic organic compounds capable of colouring fabrics, typically derived from coal tar and petroleum based products. Dye consists of two main groups of compounds, chromophores (responsible for colour of the dye) and auxochromes (responsible for intensity of the color). According to the AATCC (American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists), currently more than 10,000 various types of dyes are synthesized and available in the world. [1–3]. Dyes are classified according to the chemical structure and type of application. Based on chromophores, 20–30 different groups of dyes can be classified, with azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine and triarylmethane etc. Azo (around 70%) and anthraquinone (around 15%) compose the largest classes of dyes. Many industries, such as dyestuffs, textile, paper and plastics, use dyes to colour their products; as a result, these industries produce coloured wastewater as an unavoidable by-product [4, 6, 12, 14, 24, 25, 26, 29].
Among various industries, the textile industry ranks first in the usage of dyes for colouration of the fibers. The textile sector alone consumes about 60% of total dye production for coloration of various fabrics and out of it, it is estimated that around 10– 15% of dyes are wasted into the environment upon completion of their use in the dyeing unit which generates a strongly coloured wastewater, typically with a concentration in the range of 10–200 ppm or mg/L [24,26]. Colour in the effluent is one of the most noticeable indicators of water pollution and the discharge of highly coloured synthetic dye effluents is aesthetically very unpleasing and can damages the receiving water body by hindering the penetration of light. Moreover dyes are stable, recalcitrant, colorant, and even potentially carcinogenic and toxic [9, 10], their release into the environment creates serious environmental, aesthetical and health problems. Thus, industrial dye-laden effluents are an increasingly major concern and need to be effectively treated before being discharged into the environment in order to prevent these potential hazards [4, 12, 14, 16, 21].
Different methods are available for the removal of dyes from wastewater. These include physiochemical treatment, biological treatment, combined chemical and biochemical processes, chemical oxidation, adsorption, coagulation, filtration and membrane treatments; each of these has their own specific advantages and disadvantages. With the reference of available abundant literature review adsorption is a well-known separation process and is widely used to remove certain classes of chemical pollutants from water, especially those which are practically unaffected by conventional biological wastewater treatments. It has been found to be superior to other techniques in terms of initial cost,
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
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flexibility and simplicity of design, ease of operation and insensitivity to toxic pollutants. In addition, this technique can handle fairly large flow rates, producing a high-quality effluent that does not result in the formation of harmful substances. Different natural and synthetic adsorbents have been evaluated for the removal of dyes from textile effluent. Among these materials, activated carbon is one of the most widely studied and used adsorbents for environmental pollution control. The main disadvantage of activated carbon is its high production and treatment costs [4, 6, 12, 14, 30]. Thus, many researchers throughout the world have focused their efforts on optimizing adsorption and developing novel alternative adsorbents with high adsorptive capacity and low cost. In this regard, much attention has recently been paid to powder technology. Nano-materials have large specific surface areas, and thus a large fraction of atoms are available for chemical reaction [7, 15, 20].
The present study focuses on the application of MgO nanoparticles and Fe2O3 amorphous powder as an adsorbent for the removal of Anthraquinone blue dye from aqueous solution. The effect of different variables, including dosage of adsorbent, concentration of dye, pH of the liquid and contact time, on removal of the model dyes was evaluated [3,7, 13, 15, 18, 19,20 ,22, 23, 25 ,27, 31].
II. Materials and method
2.1- Chemicals
All the chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade. Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O) and Potassium hydroxide pellets (KOH were procured from Finar Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. (India). Anthraquinone blue dye was obtained from Colourtex, Surat (India) and was used as received without further purification. The available details of these dye is listed in Table 1. Double distilled water was used to prepare all the solutions. The stock solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of the dye in 1 L of double distilled water to obtain working solutions of varying concentrations for further experiments. The pH was adjusted using 0.1 N H2SO4 and NaOH. Table 1: Dye detail
Title
Dye
Commercial name of dye
Coralene blue BGFS
Chemical name of dye
Mix. Of 1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroxy(p-hydroxy- phenyl)anthraquinone & 1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroxy(p- methoxy-phenyl)anthraquinone
Chemical formula
C20H14N2O5&C21H16N2O5
Class
Anthraquinone
C.I number
C.I disperse blue 73
Molecular weight
362 & 376
Molecular structure
2.2- Adsorbents (a). Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles MgO nanocrystallites were synthesised via sol gel method as reported in literature [20] The synthesised MgO was used as an adsorbent for removal of dye. (b). Ferrous Oxide (Fe2O3) amorphous powder:
Powdered Fe2O3, a brown powder, were recently used in several applications like adsorption, magnetic storage media, solar energy transformation, electronics, Ferro fluids and catalysis. It is used as an effective adsorbent in the dye waste water treatment. For these experiments Ferrous Oxide amorphous powder of 99% pure was purchased from Merck chemicals Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai (India). The technique
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was found to be very useful and cost effective for better removal of dye. 2.3- Adsorption experiments
The adsorption experiments were carried out as batch tests in magnetic stirrer. In a batch test, 100 mL dye solution of desired concentration was prepared in 250 mL glass flask by suitable dilution of the stock solution and its desired pH was adjusted. Then known amount of MgO nanoparticles was added and the resulting suspension was kept under constant stirring for predefined time. After stirring, the suspension was centrifuged and the supernatant was analyzed for the dye removal capacity. Same procedure was followed for Fe2O3 adsorbent. 2.4- Analysis
Suspension was centrifuged at 3500 rpm in centrifuger (Centrific, Model 228, Fisher Scientific). Samples of solutions before and after treatment were analyzed for the dyes using a UV 1100- Spectrophotometer (vortex) at their maximum absorption wavelengths (figure 1). The dye concentrations were calculated from the standard calibration curve obtained from standard dye solutions. The pH of the liquid samples was measured using a pH meter (Sense Ion 378, Hack).
Figure 1: Maximum absorbance at different wavelength
III. Result and discussion
3.1. Comparison of dye removal capacity of two adsorbent
Efficiency of the adsorbents was investigated for removal of Anthraquinone blue from liquid solutions. The experiments were performed under different experimental conditions. Results are presented in the following section.
3.1.1- Effect of solution pH
Solution pH is an important parameter that affects adsorption of dye molecules. The effect of the initial pH of the solution on the anthraquinone blue adsorption onto adsorbents was assessed at different values, ranging from 2 to 12, with a stirring time of 65 min. The initial dye concentrations and dosage of each adsorbent were kept constant at 125 mg/L and 0.2 g per 100 mL dye solution, respectively, for all batch tests in this experiment. Fig. 2 presents the comparison of effect of the different initial solution pH on the dye removal efficiencies of MgO nano particles and Fe2O3 powder. As shown in Fig. 2, removal of dye decreased from 88 to 64% when the pH was increased from 2 to 9 for MgO powder. After increasing pH to 12, % dye removal also increases to 75%. Since the maximum removal of Anthraquinone blue dye is achieved at a pH of 2, acidic condition is favourable for MgO nanoparticles. It is also found that by using Fe2O3 powder maximum removal of 88% was achieved at pH 2. i.e acidic pH. While increasing pH up to 12, % dye removal decreased up to 25%. So, pH 2 is optimum pH for both adsorbents.
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125 ppm
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Figure 2: Comparison of effect of initial pH on dye removal capacity of both adsorbent
3.1.2. Effect of adsorbent dosage
The comparison of effect of adsorbent quantity on removal of Anthraquinone blue is represented in figure 3. For MgO powder adsorbent, behaviour was investigated in batch experiments by adding various amount of adsorbent in the range of 0.1–0.4 g powder into the flask containing 100 mL of dye solution. The initial dye concentrations and the pH of the solutions were fixed at 125 mg/L and 2, respectively, for all batch experiments. The suspension was then stirred for 65 min, after which time the solution was coagulated and settled and the supernatant was analyzed for the remaining dye. As indicated in figure 3, 88% of anthraquinone blue was removed at the initial dosage of 0.2 g, respectively. The removal of dye increased with increasing MgO dosage to 0.3 g and reached to over 94% for said dyes at this dosage. After that there is no significance change in % dye removal by increasing in MgO dosage to 0.4 g. This observation can be explained by that further increasing the adsorbent dose did not affect the removal of dye. Hence, the optimum dosage of nano- MgO powder for removing Anthraquinone blue dye was found to be 0.3 g.
While for Fe2O3 powder adsorbent, same experiment was carried out for various amount of adsorbent in the range of 0.2–0.35 g powder. The initial dye concentrations and the pH of the solutions were fixed same as 125 mg/L and pH 2. As presented in figure 3, 94% of Anthraquinone blue was removed at the initial dosage of 0.3 g, respectively. After that there is no significance change in % dye removal by increasing in Fe2O3 dosageg. Hence, the optimum dosage of Fe2O3 powder for removing Anthraquinone blue dye was found to be 0.3 g.
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Figure 3: Comparison of effect of adsorbent dosage on dye removal capacity
3.1.3. Effect of contact time
The variation of adsorption capacity of MgO and Fe2O3 powder toward dye with time is depicted in figure 3, It is evident from the figure that the adsorption was rapid initially. Almost 50% dye removal is attained in first 5 min for optimum adsorbent dosage. And the dye removal percentage improved slowly with time. The initial rapid adsorption is due to the presence large number of active sites on the surface of adsorbents. Anthraquinone blue dye adsorption equilibrium was attained within 65 min of contact time with nearly 94 to 96% dye removal from the solution for MgO powder and 93 to 94% for Fe2O3 powder.
3.1.4. Effect of dye concentration
The initial dye concentration is another important variable that can affect the adsorption process. The effect of initial concentration of Anthraquinone blue dye between 25 and 125 mg/L was studied on their adsorption onto MgO powder under previously determined optimum conditions. The results, in terms of removal efficiency versus initial concentration of dye, are indicated in Fig. 4. According to Fig. 4(a), dye removal slightly decreased from around 96% at a concentration of 25 mg/L to 94% when the concentration was increased to 125 mg/L. Overall, we found that the prepared MgO powder had high adsorption affinities for anthraquinone blue, which are models of
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Time (min)
Effect of MgO dosage
% Dye Removal at 0.1 MgO dosage
% Dye Removal at 0.2 MgO dosage
% Dye Removal at 0.3 MgO dosage
% Dye Removal at 0.4 dosage
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dos. 0.2 gm, pH 2, 125 ppm
dos. 0.25 gm, pH 2, 125 ppm
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dos. 0.35gm, pH 2, 125 ppm
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anthraquinone class dyes. The adsorption capacity of MgO at the maximum investigated dye concentration was 25 mg/g for each of the tested dyes.
As per shown figure 4(b), while for Fe2O3 adsorbent, maximum % dye removal was achieved at 125 ppm dye concentration. By decreasing dye concentration from 125 to 50 ppm, % dye removal also decreases from 94% to 57%. By further decreasing initial dye concentration up to 25 ppm, % dye removal increasing from 57% to 76%.
3.1.5: Adsorption isotherms study
Isotherm parameters values for the MgO adsorbent are presented in Table 4. all isotherms were favourable but the data fits well with Temkin isotherms yielding high R2 values, close to 1.
Figure 4. (a)For MgO Adsorbent, (b) For Fe2O3 Adsorbent Table 2: Isotherm parameters values for MgO adsorbent
Adsorbent
Dye Conc.
Langmuir
Freundlich
Temkin
Qm
KL
RL
R2
N
KF
R2
A
b
R2
MgO
125ppm
26.31
0.294
0.026
0.393
4.184
72.747
0.823
3219.663
350.83
0.869
But adsorption fits with Temkin isotherms as its value of R2 is higher
Table 3: Isotherm parameters values for Fe2O3 adsorbent
Adsorbent
Dye Conc.
Langmuir
Freundlich
Temkin
Qm
KL
RL
R2
N
KF
R2
A
b
R2
Fe2O3
125ppm
25.707
0.165
0.046
0.643
3.706
88.872
0.936
6592.692
387.266
0.8875
From the graph, value of R2 is higher of Freundlich isotherm. So, it is best fit.
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92
94
96
98
100
0
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50
75
100
125
150
% dye removal
Initial dye concentration (mg/L)
Effect of Initial dye concentration
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95
100
0
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100
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150
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Initial dye concentration (mg/L)
Effect of Initial dye concentration
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Figure 4: different Isotherms study for MgO adsorbent
y = -0.129x + 0.038R² = 0.393
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y = -7.062x + 57.04R² = 0.869
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Figure 5: different Isotherms study for Fe2O3 adsorbent
3.1.6: Adsorption kinetics study: The transient behaviour of the dye sorption process was analyzed by using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models. Application of a single kinetic model to sorption on solid adsorbents may be questionable because of the heterogeneity of adsorbent surfaces and diversity of adsorption phenomena [21]. 3.1.6.1-Pseudo-first-order model The pseudo-first-order kinetic model has been widely used to predict dye adsorption kinetics. The pseudo-first-order rate expression suggested originally by Lagergren based on solid capacity is expressed as follows. dqt/dt = K1 (qe - qt) After integrating both side for boundary conditions of q=0 at t = 0 and qt = qe at t = te, ln (qe – qt) = ln qe – (K1 . t)/ 2.303 Values of qe and K1 can be obtained from the slope and intercept of the plot ln (qe − qt) versus t. 3.1.6.2. Pseudo-second order model Pseudo-second order model is expressed by the equation dqt/dt = K2 (qe - qt)2 after integrating both side for boundary conditions of q=0 at t = 0 and qt = qe at t = te, 1/ (qe-qt) = 1/qe + K2 . t we can rearrange above eq. t/qt = 1/(K2. qe2) + t/qe Values of qe and K2 can be obtained from the slope and intercept of the plot t/qt versus t.
3.1.6.3. Intraparticle diffusion studies
It is necessary to identify the steps involved during adsorption in order to interpret the mechanism of adsorption. It is assumed that the adsorption process consists of several steps. Migration of the dye from the bulk of the solution to the sorbent surface, diffusion of the dye through the boundary layer, intraparticle diffusion, and adsorption of the dye on the internal sorbent surface. The intraparticle diffusion rate can be expressed in terms of the square root time. The mathematical dependence of qt versus t 0.5 is obtained if the sorption process is considered to be influenced by diffusion in the spherical particles and convective diffusion in the solution [21]. The root time dependence, the intraparticle diffusion model is defined as follows: Qt =K1 . t 0.5 + C The plot q versus t 0.5 is given by multiple linear regions representing the external mass transfer followed by intraparticle or pore diffusion
To describe the adsorption behaviour and rate, the data obtained from adsorption kinetic experiments were evaluated using pseudo first-and pseudo- second-order reaction rate models. Second order model was found to fit with the data very well. Plots of experimental results of the anthraquinone blue dye fitted to the selected adsorption models are shown in Fig. 6 and 7. The values of qexp, qpre, K1, K2 and the corresponding linear regression coefficient R2 values are summarized in Table 4 and 5. As showing Table 4 and 5, higher values of R2 were obtained for pseudo-second-order than for pseudo-first-order adsorption rate models and intraparticle diffusion, indicating that the adsorption rates of anthraquinone blue dye onto the MgO nanoparticles and Fe2O3 powder adsorbent can be more appropriately described using the pseudo-second order rate.
y = -6.462x + 56.82R² = 0.887
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Table 4: Adsorption kinetic constants for MgO adsorbent
Adsorbent
Dye Conc.
Pseudo first Order kinetics
Pseudo second Order kinetics
Intraparticle Diffusion
K1
Qe
R2
K2
Qe
R2
KI
R2
MgO
125 ppm
0.052
16.51
0.966
0.0028
43.47
0.994
3.213
0.980
Table 5: Adsorption kinetic constants for MgO adsorbent
Adsorbent
Dye Conc.
Pseudo first Order kinetics
Pseudo second Order kinetics
Intraparticle Diffusion
K1
Qe
R2
K2
Qe
R2
KI
R2
Fe2O3
125 ppm
0.0516
23.71
0.986
0.004
45.249
0.997
3.3897
0.967
. Figure 6: Pseudo second order kinetics for anthraquinone dye removal
y = 0.023x + 0.184R² = 0.994
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Figure 16: Intraparticle diffusion kinetics for anthraquinone dye removal
3.7- Result From the above experimental observations, it can be noted:
1. For both adsorbent MgO and Fe2O3 powder, give best result at acidic pH range i.e. pH 2.
2. 0.3 g adsorbent dosage is optimum dosage for both adsorbent for 100 ml dye sollution. Both MgO and Fe2O3 adsorbents give 94% dye removal for 125 ppm dye concentration at 0.3 gm dosage.
3. For MgO powder adsorbent, time for reaching at equilibirium decrease with decreasing dye concentration. While for Fe2O3 adsorbent equillibium was achieved at 30 min for all concentration.
4. Adsorption equilibrium was attained 65 min of contact time with nearly 94 to 96% dye removal from the solution for MgO powder and 93 to 94% for Fe2O3 powder.
5. Almost 50% dye removal is attained in first 5 min for both adsorbent at optimum dosage.
6. For MgO adsorbent dye removal slightly decreased from around 96% at a concentration of 25 ppm to 94% when the concentration was increased to 125 ppm. While for Fe2O3 adsorbent, maximum % dye removal was achieved at 125 ppm dye concentration. By decreasing dye concentration from 125 to 50 ppm, % dye removal also decreases from 94% to 57%. And further decreasing initial dye concentration up to 25 ppm, % dye removal increasing from 57% to 76% .
7. The isotherm evaluations revealed that the Freundlich model attained better fits to the experimental equilibrium data for Fe2O3 adsorbent. While Temkin model attain better fits for MgO adsorbent.
8. Adsorption kinetic data followed a pseudo- second-order rate for both adsorbents.
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y = 3.213x + 14.06R² = 0.980
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30.000
35.000
40.000
45.000
0
5
10
Qt
t^1/2
Intra particle diffusion (MgO)
y = 3.3897x + 16.613R² = 0.967
0.000
5.000
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Qt
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