This study investigated the removal of Rhodamine-B dye from an aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared from the bark of Vachellia Nilotica tree. Various process parameters including interaction time, adsorbent dose, pH, and initial dye concentration were analyzed. Equilibrium isotherm models including Freundlich, Langmuir, Toth, Redlich-Peterson, and Fritz-Schulender models were evaluated, and the Fritz-Schulender model provided the best fit for the adsorption of Rhodamine-B dye. Kinetic studies determined the adsorption followed pseudo-second order kinetics, indicating chemisorption was the rate-limiting step. The optimized parameters for dye removal were determined
Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption using Low Cost ...ijsrd.com
The present study deals with removal of methylene blue (basic dye)from aqueous solution using a low cost activated carbon prepared from Delonix regia(gulmohar seed pods).Batch adsorption studies were conducted by varying the contact time adsorbent dosage and pH
Removal of dye from polluted water using novel nano manganese oxide-based mat...Dr. Md. Aminul Islam
Dyes are priority pollutants, commonly found at significant concentrations in textile effluents. The presence of dyes stuffs in wastewater can cause severe problems to aquatic life and human beings. Therefore, the removal of dyes from wastewater is important in order to minimize their hazardous effects on the environment. One way of removing dyes is to use nanosized manganese oxides (MnOs). To date, there has been much work reported on the use of nanosized MnOs as sorbents for dyestuffs. They are promising sorbents for commercial use due to their amorphous nature, high specific surface areas (SSA), mesoporous structure, and low to the moderate point of zero charge (pHPZC). This review summarizes the toxicity and recent advances for removing dyes from wastewater using nanosized MnO sorbents. The article also describes the various experimental parameters necessary for adsorption optimization, such as adsorption time, pH, initial dye concentration, amount of sorbent and temperature. Adsorption mechanisms investigated by various modeling approaches are also discussed. In particular, it was observed that much work has been reported on the use of birnessite and its composites for dye removal. There are many papers reporting on the use of MnO in batch mode dye removal, but very few that report on the use of MnO in continuous column removal systems. Therefore, there is still a considerable need for further research to develop effective and economical large scale MnO column systems for commercial use.
Removal of basic dye from aqueous solution by adsorption on melon husk inAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that investigated the adsorption behavior of the cationic dye methylene blue in single, binary, and ternary solutions using melon husk as an adsorbent. Experiments showed that adsorption equilibrium was reached within 120 minutes for all systems. Kinetic data fit best to a pseudo-second order model. Isotherm data fit best to the Langmuir model for single systems and Freundlich model for binary and ternary systems. Adsorption was found to be thermodynamically feasible and exothermic for single and binary systems but endothermic for ternary systems.
This document discusses the adsorption of textile waste using biomass. Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid onto a surface. Certain methods are being introduced to adsorb materials through plant biomasses like mosses, leaves, and fruit waste or seeds. The parameters that affect adsorption include pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, temperature, and adsorbent size. Characterization techniques like SAM, FTIR, and XRD are used. Experiments are conducted to prepare synthetic dyes and measure their interaction and removal percentage with adsorbents. This process uses waste biomass, making it cost effective
Dye removal from waste water by using low cost adsorbent: A review Satish Movaliya
This document provides a literature review on using low-cost adsorbents for dye removal from wastewater. It discusses various adsorbents that have been used such as sugarcane bagasse, sawdust, coconut coir pith, and clay. The review examines factors that affect dye adsorption such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. It also discusses commonly used isotherm models like Langmuir and Freundlich to analyze adsorption equilibrium. The review concludes that more research is needed to develop efficient, selective, and eco-friendly low-cost adsorbents as well as continuous processes and desorption methods.
Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Using Groundnut Shell Activated Carbon C...IOSRJAC
In this work, activated carbon prepared from groundnut shells (GSAC) by sulphuric acid treatment was coated with Fe3O4(GSAC- Fe3O4) and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbentfor the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The structural morphology and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Various sorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied. The percentage removal of methylene blue increased with decrease in initial methylene blue concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of the adsorbent. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models.
Adsorption of Methylene Blue From Aqueous Solution with Vermicompost Produced...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The removal of Methylene blue as a synthetic dye from aquatic system was investigated by using vermicompost. The dye concentration, contact time and pH of the solution carried out in the adsorption studies. Batch adsorption experimental data were suitable for the Langmuir isotherm and a very good fit to the second order kinetic model (pH=10). The maximum adsorption capacity calculated 256.66 mg g-1 . Vermicompost and the dye loaded vermicompost were characterized by SEM and FTIR. It was found that the vermicompost is stable without losing their activity.
Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption using Low Cost ...ijsrd.com
The present study deals with removal of methylene blue (basic dye)from aqueous solution using a low cost activated carbon prepared from Delonix regia(gulmohar seed pods).Batch adsorption studies were conducted by varying the contact time adsorbent dosage and pH
Removal of dye from polluted water using novel nano manganese oxide-based mat...Dr. Md. Aminul Islam
Dyes are priority pollutants, commonly found at significant concentrations in textile effluents. The presence of dyes stuffs in wastewater can cause severe problems to aquatic life and human beings. Therefore, the removal of dyes from wastewater is important in order to minimize their hazardous effects on the environment. One way of removing dyes is to use nanosized manganese oxides (MnOs). To date, there has been much work reported on the use of nanosized MnOs as sorbents for dyestuffs. They are promising sorbents for commercial use due to their amorphous nature, high specific surface areas (SSA), mesoporous structure, and low to the moderate point of zero charge (pHPZC). This review summarizes the toxicity and recent advances for removing dyes from wastewater using nanosized MnO sorbents. The article also describes the various experimental parameters necessary for adsorption optimization, such as adsorption time, pH, initial dye concentration, amount of sorbent and temperature. Adsorption mechanisms investigated by various modeling approaches are also discussed. In particular, it was observed that much work has been reported on the use of birnessite and its composites for dye removal. There are many papers reporting on the use of MnO in batch mode dye removal, but very few that report on the use of MnO in continuous column removal systems. Therefore, there is still a considerable need for further research to develop effective and economical large scale MnO column systems for commercial use.
Removal of basic dye from aqueous solution by adsorption on melon husk inAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that investigated the adsorption behavior of the cationic dye methylene blue in single, binary, and ternary solutions using melon husk as an adsorbent. Experiments showed that adsorption equilibrium was reached within 120 minutes for all systems. Kinetic data fit best to a pseudo-second order model. Isotherm data fit best to the Langmuir model for single systems and Freundlich model for binary and ternary systems. Adsorption was found to be thermodynamically feasible and exothermic for single and binary systems but endothermic for ternary systems.
This document discusses the adsorption of textile waste using biomass. Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid onto a surface. Certain methods are being introduced to adsorb materials through plant biomasses like mosses, leaves, and fruit waste or seeds. The parameters that affect adsorption include pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, temperature, and adsorbent size. Characterization techniques like SAM, FTIR, and XRD are used. Experiments are conducted to prepare synthetic dyes and measure their interaction and removal percentage with adsorbents. This process uses waste biomass, making it cost effective
Dye removal from waste water by using low cost adsorbent: A review Satish Movaliya
This document provides a literature review on using low-cost adsorbents for dye removal from wastewater. It discusses various adsorbents that have been used such as sugarcane bagasse, sawdust, coconut coir pith, and clay. The review examines factors that affect dye adsorption such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and contact time. It also discusses commonly used isotherm models like Langmuir and Freundlich to analyze adsorption equilibrium. The review concludes that more research is needed to develop efficient, selective, and eco-friendly low-cost adsorbents as well as continuous processes and desorption methods.
Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Using Groundnut Shell Activated Carbon C...IOSRJAC
In this work, activated carbon prepared from groundnut shells (GSAC) by sulphuric acid treatment was coated with Fe3O4(GSAC- Fe3O4) and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbentfor the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The structural morphology and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Various sorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied. The percentage removal of methylene blue increased with decrease in initial methylene blue concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of the adsorbent. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models.
Adsorption of Methylene Blue From Aqueous Solution with Vermicompost Produced...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The removal of Methylene blue as a synthetic dye from aquatic system was investigated by using vermicompost. The dye concentration, contact time and pH of the solution carried out in the adsorption studies. Batch adsorption experimental data were suitable for the Langmuir isotherm and a very good fit to the second order kinetic model (pH=10). The maximum adsorption capacity calculated 256.66 mg g-1 . Vermicompost and the dye loaded vermicompost were characterized by SEM and FTIR. It was found that the vermicompost is stable without losing their activity.
Aimed to investigate the potential of untreated jute stick charcoal as an alternative adsorbent for the treatment of dye containing wastewater. Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution using jute stick charcoal has been investigated. Liquid phase adsorption experiments were conducted. Batch adsorption studies are carried out by observing the effect of experimental parameters, namely, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial methylene blue concentration. The maximum removal of MB dye was 90.57% at pH 9, contact time 120 min, adsorbent dose 3 g/L and 20 mg/L initial dye concentration. Kinetic studies showed that the biosorption of MB followed Pseudo second-order kinetics. The adsorption isotherms are described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It was found that the Freundlich equation fit better than the Langmuir equation. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm equation at was 29.33 mg/g. To conclude, jute stick charcoal holds promise for methylene blue removal from aqueous solution and can be used for other dyes removal and applicable in dyeing industries in Bangladesh where centralized effluent treatment plant is absent.
This document summarizes Wong Shi Ting's research project on the biosorption of the dye methylene blue using sugarcane bagasse. The research aims to characterize sugarcane bagasse using FTIR spectroscopy, study the factors affecting dye adsorption using two-level factorial design and response surface methodology, and determine the optimum adsorption conditions. Key findings include sugarcane bagasse having an adsorption capacity of 26.58 mg/g for methylene blue under optimal conditions identified by RSM. FTIR analysis also confirmed electrostatic interactions between the dye and sugarcane bagasse fibers during adsorption.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This document summarizes a graduation thesis on removing ibuprofen from aqueous solutions using adsorption on lentil and rice husk. It discusses the materials and methods used, including the adsorbents (rice husk and lentil husk), adsorbate (ibuprofen), and experimental procedures. The results and discussion section analyzes the effect of pH, adsorbent concentration, and temperature on ibuprofen adsorption. Optimum removal conditions were found to be pH 3, 20g/L rice husk concentration, and room temperature. Adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model well.
Biodegradations of Reactive Blue-Dye Using Fresh Water Microalgae Tadele Assefa Aragaw
The document summarizes a study on the biodegradation of reactive blue dye using freshwater microalgae. The objectives were to investigate the effects of dye concentration, temperature, pH, and incubation time on biodegradation. Maximum decolorization of 82.6% was achieved at 50mg/l dye concentration, 30°C temperature, and pH 8 over 20 days. Green microalgae like Chlorella and Scenedesmus were effective at biodegrading the dye under optimal conditions. FTIR analysis indicated the dye's chromophore structure was destroyed into smaller molecules. The study demonstrates that microalgae have potential for cost-effective treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater.
Degradation of mono azo dye in aqueous solution using cast iron filingseSAT Journals
Abstract The mono-azo dye, Orange II, solution was substantially degraded with cast iron particles under varied conditions of experimental variables such as pH, initial dye concentration and cast iron dosage.At all solution pH studied, the degradation efficiency achieved was > 90%. With an initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L and optimum cast iron load of 28.56 g/L, the optimum degradation efficiency of 97.63% was achieved at pH 3. With same cast iron load and solution pH, more than 95% dye degradation efficiency was achieved at different initial Orange II concentrations ranging from 50-500 mg/L. The efficiency of cast iron particles in degrading Orange II dye was compared with that of pure elemental iron used in other study. Cast iron particles showed better degradation efficiencies than elemental iron that too at relatively lower dosages. Ultimately, from the results it can be inferred that cast iron fillings can be successfully applied to treat textile effluents containing high dye concentration and treatment efficiency can be enhanced by optimizing the reaction conditions. Index Terms: azo dyes, Orange II, degradation efficiency, cast iron fillings
Homogeneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Alizarin Black Using Hydrogen ...Haydar Mohammad Salim
This document summarizes research on degrading the acid dye Alizarin Black using hydrogen peroxide and UV light (UV/H2O2). The research aims to study how the degradation of Alizarin Black is affected by dye concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and pH. Results showed that degradation was most effective at a dye concentration of 100 mg/L and increased with higher hydrogen peroxide amounts. Degradation was also favored under neutral conditions compared to acidic or basic conditions. Kinetic studies found pseudo-first order degradation rates increased with higher hydrogen peroxide volumes and decreased with higher dye concentrations.
Dye removal by adsorption on waste biomass - sugarcane bagasseMadhura Chincholi
This document discusses the use of bagasse as an adsorbent for removing dyes from wastewater. It provides background on dyes, their usage, and the issues they cause when discharged in wastewater. The document examines using raw and chemically activated bagasse to adsorb the dye methylene blue. It explores the adsorption process and how parameters like pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and dye concentration affect adsorption. The results found chemically activated bagasse was more effective at lower pH levels, and equilibrium was reached within 45 minutes with optimal removal achieved using 12g/L of the chemically activated bagasse.
Project report on Textile effluent treatment by electrochemical processBrijmohan Sharma
This document provides an overview of a student project on treating textile effluent water using an electrochemical process. It includes a certificate verifying the students conducted the project, an acknowledgements section thanking those who helped with the project, and a preface describing how the project helped the students learn. The contents section outlines the document, which explores using electrochemical treatment to make textile wastewater safer before discharge by reducing parameters like BOD, COD and suspended solids. The aim is to compare electrochemical treatment to conventional ETP methods and reduce treatment costs.
Modified magnetite nanoparticles with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as super...Iranian Chemical Society
This paper reports application of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as a novel adsorbent for removal of two types of disperse dyes, including disperse red 167, and disperse blue 183, from wastewater of textile companies. The effect of parameters including type of surfactant, pH of solution, surfactant concentration, and amount of salt, was investigated and optimized. The obtained results showed that the ratio of initial dye concentration to CTAB amounts has critical effect on removal processes so that removal efficiencies higher than 95% can be achieved even at high concentration of dyes as high as 500 mg l-1 when the ratio is optimum. Removal of dyes is very fast, and equilibrium is reached at times less than 10 min even for high concentration of the dyes. Very high adsorbent capacity (as high as 2000 mg g-1) was yielded for maximum tested concentration of the dyes (500 mg g-1). The obtained result was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis data. This study showed that CTAB coated Fe3O4 NPs is a very efficient adsorbent for removal of dyes from wastewater of textile companies and has high capacity under optimum conditions.
IRJET- Dye Removal from Low Cost Adsorbent :- A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews the use of low-cost adsorbents for removing dyes from wastewater. It discusses how dyes from industries like textiles can pollute water sources and harm the environment if discharged without treatment. The document examines various physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods and finds that adsorption is effective at removing different types of dyes. It explores using agricultural waste as low-cost adsorbents, noting their adsorption capacity depends on factors like contact time and dye properties. The document concludes that adsorption is an affordable alternative to treatments like membrane filtration or ozonation that are effective but costly for dye removal from wastewater.
Dye effluents impose hazardous effects on human beings as well as on environment. The present powerpoint deals with some of the decolourization techniques that can be adopted for treating wastewater containing toxic dyes and chemicals
This document discusses various methods for removing color from textile effluents, which is an environmental concern. It covers physical methods like membrane filtration and adsorption. Chemical methods include coagulation and advanced oxidation processes, though they produce sludge. Biological methods like fungal and microbial degradation are most economical. Specifically, phytoremediation uses plants to uptake and degrade dyes, while photodegradation employs TiO2 and radiation like sunlight to break down dyes. Plant surface morphology impacts accumulation and different plant types may work best for specific dyes.
Equilibrium Studies of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution Using Corn Cob a...IJERD Editor
The objective of this work is the study of adsorption of dye solution which is a dye malachite green
using corn cob. Removal of this dye from aqueous solution using corn cob has been investigated. Liquid phase
adsorption experiments were conducted. Batch adsorption studies are Carried out by observing the effect of
experimental parameters, namely, pH, and amount of adsorbents, contact time and initial concentration.
Optimum conditions for dye removal are studied like pH value, contact time required, amount of adsorbent,
initial concentration, etc. The results generated by this work can be used for determination of optimum
conditions for adsorption of dye in aqueous solutions. Dye is present in mixture form in various Industrial
effluents like Textile Industries, Sewage water, Water treatment plants. This work can have use in Design of
adsorption columns for dyes removal. The Freundlich adsorption model assumes that adsorption takes place on
heterogeneous surfaces. Adsorption increases with increase in pH. The adsorption of cationic dye is mainly
influenced by the amount of negative charges in the solution which is actually influenced by the solution pH. At
pH=2 there is net positive charge in the solution so adsorption is less whereas at pH=12there is increase in
negative charges increasing adsorption of malachite green. Maximum adsorption was found to take place at
pH=12. Adsorption tends to increase with contact time. At first the increase in adsorption is very rapid as there
are lots of free sites for the adsorption to take place. Adsorption decreases at later stages till saturation is reached
due to saturation of active sites. The optimum contact time for equilibrium was found to be 100 min.
Adsorption Studies of an Acid Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Lagerstroemia ...IJMER
The effectiveness of adsorption for acid dye removal from wastewaters has made it an ideal alternative to other expensive treatment options. The removal of acid Violet 4BS onto seeds of Lagerstroemia indica (LIS) from aqueous solutions was investigated using parameters such as contact time, pH, temperature, adsorbent doses, and initial dye concentration. Adsorption isotherms of dyes onto LIS were determined and correlated with common isotherm equations such as the Langmuir and
Freundlich models. It was found that the Langmuir isotherm appears to fit the isotherm data better than
the Freundlich isotherm. Parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined using adsorption data. The maximum removal of Acid Violet 4BS by the adsorbent was obtained at pH 2. The maximum percentage of dye removal (86.67%) was obtained at an initial dye concentration of 10mg/L with adsorbent dosage of 50 mg per 50 ml of dye solution. The adsorption kinetics of acid violet 4BS could be described by the pseudo-second order reaction model. The data obtained from adsorption
isotherms at different temperatures were used to calculate several thermo-dynamic quantities such as the
Gibbs energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0), and entropy (ΔS
0) of adsorption. The adsorption process was found
to be spontaneous, exothermic and physical in nature. Locally available adsorbent LIS was found to have
a low cost and was promising for the removal of acid violet 4BS from aqueous solutions
Removal of Harmful Textile Dye Congo Red from Aqueous Solution Using Chitosan...IJERA Editor
Color is an important aspect of human life. Textile industries are the major consumers of dye stuffs. During coloration process, 10 to 15 percent of the dyes will be lost and this will be discharged with the effluents coming from textile industries. These are very difficult to degrade and they may degrade to form products that are highly toxic to human. Today, methods such as coagulation, flocculation, activated carbon adsorption, etc. are available for the removal of dyes. These are all quite expensive and difficult to degrade. Chitosan is a natural hetero polymer derived from chitin. Chitosan has proved to be effective in removing hazardous compounds from environment due to its multiple functional groups. It is available as flakes and powder. In the present work, chitosan beads were prepared and modified with a cationic surfactant CTAB for the removal of dye Congo Red. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of CTAB concentration, contact time, agitation speed, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and pH. Batch equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. Bach kinetic data were analyzed using Pseudo first order kinetic model and pseudo second order kinetic model.
Comparative Study for Adsorptive Removal of Coralene Blue BGFS Dye from Aqueo...IJERA Editor
Textile industries represent biggest impact on the environment due to high water consumption and waste water discharge as government control water pollution by setting strength regulation for waste water discharge, removal of color from waste water becomes more and more essential and attractive. Adsorption technology is very efficient in treatment of textile effluent. In this paper comparison of adsorption phenomena of textile dye Anthraquinone blue onto two different adsorbents MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 amorphous powder has been studied for removal of said dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of Anthraquinone blue on adsorbents occurs by studying the effects of adsorbent amount, dye concentration, contact time and pH of solution. All results found that MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 provide a fairly high dye adsorption capacity, which combined with their fulfilment of pollution control board’s standards, lack of pollution, lower environmental hazard and low-cost makes them promising for future applications. The present work also provides information on optimum value of different operating parameter for dye removal by two adsorbent.
1. The document examines the adsorptive removal of Acid Blue 45 dye from aqueous solutions using preformed flocs of ferric sulfate, manganese chloride, and manganese sulfate as adsorbents.
2. Batch experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, and to develop adsorption isotherm models. The maximum dye removal was 90%, 85%, and 65% for ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, and manganese chloride flocs, respectively.
3. Equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating monolayer adsorption on homogeneous sites. This suggests preformed floc ad
REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE USING CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED WATERMELO...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated using chemically activated watermelon rinds as a low-cost adsorbent to remove methylene blue dye from water. The researchers prepared activated carbon from watermelon rinds using sulfuric acid treatment. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the effects of contact time, dye concentration, pH, and adsorbent dosage on dye removal efficiency. The results showed maximum removal efficiencies of 95-99.6% for sulfuric acid-treated activated watermelon rind. Optimum conditions were determined to be a contact time of 180 minutes, pH of 9, and increasing adsorbent dosage with increasing dye concentration.
Adsorption Studies of an Acid Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Lagerstroemia I...IJMER
The effectiveness of adsorption for acid dye removal from wastewaters has made it an ideal
alternative to other expensive treatment options. The removal of acid Violet 4BS onto seeds of
Lagerstroemia indica (LIS) from aqueous solutions was investigated using parameters such as contact
time, pH, temperature, adsorbent doses, and initial dye concentration. Adsorption isotherms of dyes onto
LIS were determined and correlated with common isotherm equations such as the Langmuir and
Freundlich models. It was found that the Langmuir isotherm appears to fit the isotherm data better than
the Freundlich isotherm. Parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined using
adsorption data. The maximum removal of Acid Violet 4BS by the adsorbent was obtained at pH 2. The
maximum percentage of dye removal (86.67%) was obtained at an initial dye concentration of 10mg/L
with adsorbent dosage of 50 mg per 50 ml of dye solution. The adsorption kinetics of acid violet 4BS
could be described by the pseudo-second order reaction model. The data obtained from adsorption
isotherms at different temperatures were used to calculate several thermo-dynamic quantities such as the
Gibbs energy (ΔG
0
), enthalpy (ΔH
0
), and entropy (ΔS
0
) of adsorption. The adsorption process was found
to be spontaneous, exothermic and physical in nature. Locally available adsorbent LIS was found to have
a low cost and was promising for the removal of acid violet 4BS from aqueous solutions
Aimed to investigate the potential of untreated jute stick charcoal as an alternative adsorbent for the treatment of dye containing wastewater. Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution using jute stick charcoal has been investigated. Liquid phase adsorption experiments were conducted. Batch adsorption studies are carried out by observing the effect of experimental parameters, namely, pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial methylene blue concentration. The maximum removal of MB dye was 90.57% at pH 9, contact time 120 min, adsorbent dose 3 g/L and 20 mg/L initial dye concentration. Kinetic studies showed that the biosorption of MB followed Pseudo second-order kinetics. The adsorption isotherms are described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It was found that the Freundlich equation fit better than the Langmuir equation. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm equation at was 29.33 mg/g. To conclude, jute stick charcoal holds promise for methylene blue removal from aqueous solution and can be used for other dyes removal and applicable in dyeing industries in Bangladesh where centralized effluent treatment plant is absent.
This document summarizes Wong Shi Ting's research project on the biosorption of the dye methylene blue using sugarcane bagasse. The research aims to characterize sugarcane bagasse using FTIR spectroscopy, study the factors affecting dye adsorption using two-level factorial design and response surface methodology, and determine the optimum adsorption conditions. Key findings include sugarcane bagasse having an adsorption capacity of 26.58 mg/g for methylene blue under optimal conditions identified by RSM. FTIR analysis also confirmed electrostatic interactions between the dye and sugarcane bagasse fibers during adsorption.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This document summarizes a graduation thesis on removing ibuprofen from aqueous solutions using adsorption on lentil and rice husk. It discusses the materials and methods used, including the adsorbents (rice husk and lentil husk), adsorbate (ibuprofen), and experimental procedures. The results and discussion section analyzes the effect of pH, adsorbent concentration, and temperature on ibuprofen adsorption. Optimum removal conditions were found to be pH 3, 20g/L rice husk concentration, and room temperature. Adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model well.
Biodegradations of Reactive Blue-Dye Using Fresh Water Microalgae Tadele Assefa Aragaw
The document summarizes a study on the biodegradation of reactive blue dye using freshwater microalgae. The objectives were to investigate the effects of dye concentration, temperature, pH, and incubation time on biodegradation. Maximum decolorization of 82.6% was achieved at 50mg/l dye concentration, 30°C temperature, and pH 8 over 20 days. Green microalgae like Chlorella and Scenedesmus were effective at biodegrading the dye under optimal conditions. FTIR analysis indicated the dye's chromophore structure was destroyed into smaller molecules. The study demonstrates that microalgae have potential for cost-effective treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater.
Degradation of mono azo dye in aqueous solution using cast iron filingseSAT Journals
Abstract The mono-azo dye, Orange II, solution was substantially degraded with cast iron particles under varied conditions of experimental variables such as pH, initial dye concentration and cast iron dosage.At all solution pH studied, the degradation efficiency achieved was > 90%. With an initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L and optimum cast iron load of 28.56 g/L, the optimum degradation efficiency of 97.63% was achieved at pH 3. With same cast iron load and solution pH, more than 95% dye degradation efficiency was achieved at different initial Orange II concentrations ranging from 50-500 mg/L. The efficiency of cast iron particles in degrading Orange II dye was compared with that of pure elemental iron used in other study. Cast iron particles showed better degradation efficiencies than elemental iron that too at relatively lower dosages. Ultimately, from the results it can be inferred that cast iron fillings can be successfully applied to treat textile effluents containing high dye concentration and treatment efficiency can be enhanced by optimizing the reaction conditions. Index Terms: azo dyes, Orange II, degradation efficiency, cast iron fillings
Homogeneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Alizarin Black Using Hydrogen ...Haydar Mohammad Salim
This document summarizes research on degrading the acid dye Alizarin Black using hydrogen peroxide and UV light (UV/H2O2). The research aims to study how the degradation of Alizarin Black is affected by dye concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and pH. Results showed that degradation was most effective at a dye concentration of 100 mg/L and increased with higher hydrogen peroxide amounts. Degradation was also favored under neutral conditions compared to acidic or basic conditions. Kinetic studies found pseudo-first order degradation rates increased with higher hydrogen peroxide volumes and decreased with higher dye concentrations.
Dye removal by adsorption on waste biomass - sugarcane bagasseMadhura Chincholi
This document discusses the use of bagasse as an adsorbent for removing dyes from wastewater. It provides background on dyes, their usage, and the issues they cause when discharged in wastewater. The document examines using raw and chemically activated bagasse to adsorb the dye methylene blue. It explores the adsorption process and how parameters like pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and dye concentration affect adsorption. The results found chemically activated bagasse was more effective at lower pH levels, and equilibrium was reached within 45 minutes with optimal removal achieved using 12g/L of the chemically activated bagasse.
Project report on Textile effluent treatment by electrochemical processBrijmohan Sharma
This document provides an overview of a student project on treating textile effluent water using an electrochemical process. It includes a certificate verifying the students conducted the project, an acknowledgements section thanking those who helped with the project, and a preface describing how the project helped the students learn. The contents section outlines the document, which explores using electrochemical treatment to make textile wastewater safer before discharge by reducing parameters like BOD, COD and suspended solids. The aim is to compare electrochemical treatment to conventional ETP methods and reduce treatment costs.
Modified magnetite nanoparticles with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as super...Iranian Chemical Society
This paper reports application of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as a novel adsorbent for removal of two types of disperse dyes, including disperse red 167, and disperse blue 183, from wastewater of textile companies. The effect of parameters including type of surfactant, pH of solution, surfactant concentration, and amount of salt, was investigated and optimized. The obtained results showed that the ratio of initial dye concentration to CTAB amounts has critical effect on removal processes so that removal efficiencies higher than 95% can be achieved even at high concentration of dyes as high as 500 mg l-1 when the ratio is optimum. Removal of dyes is very fast, and equilibrium is reached at times less than 10 min even for high concentration of the dyes. Very high adsorbent capacity (as high as 2000 mg g-1) was yielded for maximum tested concentration of the dyes (500 mg g-1). The obtained result was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis data. This study showed that CTAB coated Fe3O4 NPs is a very efficient adsorbent for removal of dyes from wastewater of textile companies and has high capacity under optimum conditions.
IRJET- Dye Removal from Low Cost Adsorbent :- A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews the use of low-cost adsorbents for removing dyes from wastewater. It discusses how dyes from industries like textiles can pollute water sources and harm the environment if discharged without treatment. The document examines various physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods and finds that adsorption is effective at removing different types of dyes. It explores using agricultural waste as low-cost adsorbents, noting their adsorption capacity depends on factors like contact time and dye properties. The document concludes that adsorption is an affordable alternative to treatments like membrane filtration or ozonation that are effective but costly for dye removal from wastewater.
Dye effluents impose hazardous effects on human beings as well as on environment. The present powerpoint deals with some of the decolourization techniques that can be adopted for treating wastewater containing toxic dyes and chemicals
This document discusses various methods for removing color from textile effluents, which is an environmental concern. It covers physical methods like membrane filtration and adsorption. Chemical methods include coagulation and advanced oxidation processes, though they produce sludge. Biological methods like fungal and microbial degradation are most economical. Specifically, phytoremediation uses plants to uptake and degrade dyes, while photodegradation employs TiO2 and radiation like sunlight to break down dyes. Plant surface morphology impacts accumulation and different plant types may work best for specific dyes.
Equilibrium Studies of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution Using Corn Cob a...IJERD Editor
The objective of this work is the study of adsorption of dye solution which is a dye malachite green
using corn cob. Removal of this dye from aqueous solution using corn cob has been investigated. Liquid phase
adsorption experiments were conducted. Batch adsorption studies are Carried out by observing the effect of
experimental parameters, namely, pH, and amount of adsorbents, contact time and initial concentration.
Optimum conditions for dye removal are studied like pH value, contact time required, amount of adsorbent,
initial concentration, etc. The results generated by this work can be used for determination of optimum
conditions for adsorption of dye in aqueous solutions. Dye is present in mixture form in various Industrial
effluents like Textile Industries, Sewage water, Water treatment plants. This work can have use in Design of
adsorption columns for dyes removal. The Freundlich adsorption model assumes that adsorption takes place on
heterogeneous surfaces. Adsorption increases with increase in pH. The adsorption of cationic dye is mainly
influenced by the amount of negative charges in the solution which is actually influenced by the solution pH. At
pH=2 there is net positive charge in the solution so adsorption is less whereas at pH=12there is increase in
negative charges increasing adsorption of malachite green. Maximum adsorption was found to take place at
pH=12. Adsorption tends to increase with contact time. At first the increase in adsorption is very rapid as there
are lots of free sites for the adsorption to take place. Adsorption decreases at later stages till saturation is reached
due to saturation of active sites. The optimum contact time for equilibrium was found to be 100 min.
Adsorption Studies of an Acid Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Lagerstroemia ...IJMER
The effectiveness of adsorption for acid dye removal from wastewaters has made it an ideal alternative to other expensive treatment options. The removal of acid Violet 4BS onto seeds of Lagerstroemia indica (LIS) from aqueous solutions was investigated using parameters such as contact time, pH, temperature, adsorbent doses, and initial dye concentration. Adsorption isotherms of dyes onto LIS were determined and correlated with common isotherm equations such as the Langmuir and
Freundlich models. It was found that the Langmuir isotherm appears to fit the isotherm data better than
the Freundlich isotherm. Parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined using adsorption data. The maximum removal of Acid Violet 4BS by the adsorbent was obtained at pH 2. The maximum percentage of dye removal (86.67%) was obtained at an initial dye concentration of 10mg/L with adsorbent dosage of 50 mg per 50 ml of dye solution. The adsorption kinetics of acid violet 4BS could be described by the pseudo-second order reaction model. The data obtained from adsorption
isotherms at different temperatures were used to calculate several thermo-dynamic quantities such as the
Gibbs energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0), and entropy (ΔS
0) of adsorption. The adsorption process was found
to be spontaneous, exothermic and physical in nature. Locally available adsorbent LIS was found to have
a low cost and was promising for the removal of acid violet 4BS from aqueous solutions
Removal of Harmful Textile Dye Congo Red from Aqueous Solution Using Chitosan...IJERA Editor
Color is an important aspect of human life. Textile industries are the major consumers of dye stuffs. During coloration process, 10 to 15 percent of the dyes will be lost and this will be discharged with the effluents coming from textile industries. These are very difficult to degrade and they may degrade to form products that are highly toxic to human. Today, methods such as coagulation, flocculation, activated carbon adsorption, etc. are available for the removal of dyes. These are all quite expensive and difficult to degrade. Chitosan is a natural hetero polymer derived from chitin. Chitosan has proved to be effective in removing hazardous compounds from environment due to its multiple functional groups. It is available as flakes and powder. In the present work, chitosan beads were prepared and modified with a cationic surfactant CTAB for the removal of dye Congo Red. Batch experiments were conducted to study the effect of CTAB concentration, contact time, agitation speed, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration and pH. Batch equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. Bach kinetic data were analyzed using Pseudo first order kinetic model and pseudo second order kinetic model.
Comparative Study for Adsorptive Removal of Coralene Blue BGFS Dye from Aqueo...IJERA Editor
Textile industries represent biggest impact on the environment due to high water consumption and waste water discharge as government control water pollution by setting strength regulation for waste water discharge, removal of color from waste water becomes more and more essential and attractive. Adsorption technology is very efficient in treatment of textile effluent. In this paper comparison of adsorption phenomena of textile dye Anthraquinone blue onto two different adsorbents MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 amorphous powder has been studied for removal of said dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorption of Anthraquinone blue on adsorbents occurs by studying the effects of adsorbent amount, dye concentration, contact time and pH of solution. All results found that MgO nano powder and Fe2O3 provide a fairly high dye adsorption capacity, which combined with their fulfilment of pollution control board’s standards, lack of pollution, lower environmental hazard and low-cost makes them promising for future applications. The present work also provides information on optimum value of different operating parameter for dye removal by two adsorbent.
1. The document examines the adsorptive removal of Acid Blue 45 dye from aqueous solutions using preformed flocs of ferric sulfate, manganese chloride, and manganese sulfate as adsorbents.
2. Batch experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, and to develop adsorption isotherm models. The maximum dye removal was 90%, 85%, and 65% for ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, and manganese chloride flocs, respectively.
3. Equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating monolayer adsorption on homogeneous sites. This suggests preformed floc ad
REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE USING CHEMICALLY ACTIVATED WATERMELO...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated using chemically activated watermelon rinds as a low-cost adsorbent to remove methylene blue dye from water. The researchers prepared activated carbon from watermelon rinds using sulfuric acid treatment. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the effects of contact time, dye concentration, pH, and adsorbent dosage on dye removal efficiency. The results showed maximum removal efficiencies of 95-99.6% for sulfuric acid-treated activated watermelon rind. Optimum conditions were determined to be a contact time of 180 minutes, pH of 9, and increasing adsorbent dosage with increasing dye concentration.
Adsorption Studies of an Acid Dye From Aqueous Solution Using Lagerstroemia I...IJMER
The effectiveness of adsorption for acid dye removal from wastewaters has made it an ideal
alternative to other expensive treatment options. The removal of acid Violet 4BS onto seeds of
Lagerstroemia indica (LIS) from aqueous solutions was investigated using parameters such as contact
time, pH, temperature, adsorbent doses, and initial dye concentration. Adsorption isotherms of dyes onto
LIS were determined and correlated with common isotherm equations such as the Langmuir and
Freundlich models. It was found that the Langmuir isotherm appears to fit the isotherm data better than
the Freundlich isotherm. Parameters of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were determined using
adsorption data. The maximum removal of Acid Violet 4BS by the adsorbent was obtained at pH 2. The
maximum percentage of dye removal (86.67%) was obtained at an initial dye concentration of 10mg/L
with adsorbent dosage of 50 mg per 50 ml of dye solution. The adsorption kinetics of acid violet 4BS
could be described by the pseudo-second order reaction model. The data obtained from adsorption
isotherms at different temperatures were used to calculate several thermo-dynamic quantities such as the
Gibbs energy (ΔG
0
), enthalpy (ΔH
0
), and entropy (ΔS
0
) of adsorption. The adsorption process was found
to be spontaneous, exothermic and physical in nature. Locally available adsorbent LIS was found to have
a low cost and was promising for the removal of acid violet 4BS from aqueous solutions
2017 understanding the adsorption behaviour of acid yellow 99 on aspergillu...Bianca Mella
This document summarizes a study on the adsorption of the textile dye Acid Yellow 99 onto Aspergillus niger biomass. The maximum adsorption capacity of the biomass for Acid Yellow 99 was found to be 544.30 mg/g. Response surface methodology analysis showed that adsorption was dependent on pH, temperature, and biomass concentration, with optimum values being pH 3.0, 30°C, and 2 g/L, respectively. Adsorption reached equilibrium within 245 minutes and followed pseudo-second order kinetics. Isotherm data best fit the Redlich-Peterson model, suggesting both physical and chemical adsorption. FTIR analysis indicated that amino and carboxyl
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Adsorption Studies on The Removal of Reactive Red Dye from Aqueous Solution U...IJLT EMAS
The increase in the use of dyes in industries has caused
major problems in the treatment of the industrial effluent. The
need to create economically and ecologically sound solutions to
this problem has been investigated here. Bio-adsorbent chitosan
has shown very promising characteristics in this field. A
comparative study of adsorption of aqueous Reactive red dye
solution on non-cross linked chitosan beads and ECH cross
linked chitosan beads was conducted using batch operations. The
extent of adsorption was tested against parameters of time,
adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, rpm and pH. Cross
linked beads were found to be more efficient than normal beads.
ECH cross linked chitosan beads are visibly more rigid than
chitosan beads and they have high stability in acidic medium
compared to chitosan beads which disintegrate in acidic medium.
A higher initial concentration of dye and pH of 3 was found to be
favorable for adsorption. Complete removal of dye was achieved
at 3 hours for a dye solution of 100ppm at pH 3. Kinetic rate
studies established that the pseudo-second order kinetics was
most suited to the adsorption of reactive red onto chitosan beads
The Freundlich isotherm was in agreement with the experimental
data.
Adsorption of Rhodamine – B Dye from Aqueous Solution by Aloe Vera as Bio – A...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using Aloe vera as a bio-adsorbent for removing Rhodamine B dye from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to examine the effects of parameters like pH, adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, contact time and temperature. The maximum dye removal occurred at pH 5, adsorbent dosage of 50 mg, and temperature of 60°C. Equilibrium data fit the Langmuir isotherm model well. The results indicate that Aloe vera is an effective adsorbent for removing Rhodamine B dye from water.
In the present study, application of Amberlite FPA-98 was investigated for the removal of Acide
Orange 7 from aqueous solution using the continuous method and was optimized using Box–Behnken design
(BBD) and full factorial design (FFD). Fixed bed adsorption has become a frequently used in wastewater
treatment processes. In this work, the intention of the study was to explore the efficacy and feasibility for azo
dye, Acid Orange 7 (AO7) adsorption onto fixed bed column of Amberlite FPA-98. The effect of operating
parameters such as flow rate, initial dye concentration, and bed height was modeled by response surface
methodology (RSM). This study compares Box–Behnken design (BBD) and full factorial design (FFD) utility for
modeling and optimization by response surface methodology. The precision of the equation obtained by RSM
was confirmed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA)and calculation of correlation coefficient relating the
predicted and the experimental values of adsorption efficiency. The results revealed a good agreement between
the predicted values, as obtained by full factorial design (FFD) and the experimental values for AO7 (R2 =
0.987) . The optimum conditions proposed by Box–Behnken design (BBD) to reach the maximum dye removal
through adsorption process. Under the optimum conditions, the removal efficiency of AO7 were (R2 = 0.959).
The application of response surface methodology in order to optimize using Box–Behnken design (BBD) and full
factorial design (FFD). The research on modeling adsorption by RSM has been highly developed and The
Amberlite was shown to be suitable adsorbent for adsorption of AO7 using fixed-bed adsorption column.
Equilibrium and kinetic studies on the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueoustshankar20134
The document summarizes a study on the adsorption of the dye methylene blue from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared from Murraya koenigii stems. Some key findings:
1) The activated carbon was characterized and found to have a specific surface area of 508 m2/g and pore structure consisting of micro and mesopores suitable for adsorption.
2) Batch adsorption experiments showed that adsorption capacity increased with increasing adsorbent dosage, reaching 98.99% dye removal at 0.12g dosage.
3) Equilibrium data fitted well to Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models, indicating monolayer adsorption occurred with a maximum adsorption capacity of 123
Use of incinerated rice husk for adsorption of reactive dye from aqueous solu...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the use of incinerated rice husk for adsorbing the reactive dye Reactive Yellow 15 from an aqueous solution. Rice husk was incinerated at 300°C for 4 hours to increase its surface area and pore volume. Batch adsorption experiments showed that dye removal was most effective at pH 2 and equilibrium was reached within 4 hours. Adsorption data fit the Freundlich isotherm model better than the Langmuir model, indicating heterogeneous surface binding sites. Incinerated rice husk is a low-cost adsorbent that can effectively remove reactive dyes from wastewater.
Residuos de flores como adsorventes de bajo costoEmiy Nicole
This document describes research on using flower waste (carnation, rose, and daisy stalks) as a low-cost adsorbent to remove Acid Blue 9 dye from water. Batch experiments tested the effect of pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial dye concentration on dye removal efficiency. Equilibrium was modeled using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, with better fit to the Freundlich model. Kinetic studies fit best to a pseudo-second order model. Over 90% removal was achieved at pH 2.0 using 15 mg/L initial dye concentration and 4 g/L adsorbent dosage. The flower wastes were characterized and showed potential as an alternative,
A New Low Cost Biosorbent for a Cationic Dye TreatmentIJEAB
The aim of our study consists to investigate the adsorption of Methylene Blue from aqueous solution by a new biosorbent prepared from Papaya seed. Adsorption behavior of the cationic dye was analyzed by variation of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature. Adsorption isotherms were studied according to the Langmuir and Freundlich Model, and adsorption kinetics according to pseudo first and second order. Results show that the maximum adsorption is obtained at ambient temperature with the yield of 98.82% and was reached in first 20min (pH = 10, adsorbent dose of 100 mg in 50 mL). The Langmuir isotherm shows a correlation coefficient of 99.4% higher than 95.4%obtained for Freundlich model and the adsorption kinetic model follow a pseudo-second order with a maximum adsorption capacity of 52.28 mg/g.
Dynamic and equilibrium studies on the sorption of basic dyetshankar20134
This document summarizes a study on the adsorption of Basic Brown 4 dye onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) prepared from renewable carbon precursors and commercial activated carbon. MWNTs were synthesized from pine oil, methyl ester of Jatropha curcas oil, and methyl ester of Pongamiya pinnata oil. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to understand the effects of parameters like solution pH, contact time, temperature, and to evaluate adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics. Kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-second order model. Adsorption was found to be spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
Dynamic and Equilibrium Studies on the sorption of Basic dye (Basic Brown 4) ...madlovescience
Dynamic and Equilibrium Studies on the sorption of Basic dye (Basic Brown 4) onto Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Prepared from Renewable Carbon Precursors
Potential of Neem Leaf Powder as Bio Adsorbents for Dye Colour Removalijtsrd
This study investigated the potential of neem leaf powder and acid-treated neem leaf powder as low-cost bio-adsorbents for removing dye color from Congo red solutions. The neem leaf powders were characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis. Adsorption experiments were conducted by varying the adsorbent dosage and agitation time. The results showed that 0.4g was the optimal dosage, with 91% color removal for neem leaf powder and 76% for acid-treated neem leaf powder after 60 minutes of agitation. Both neem leaf powders demonstrated potential as effective and low-cost bio-adsorbents for dye wastewater treatment.
This document summarizes a study that examined using treated orange peel to remove reactive red 3B dye from aqueous solution. The study investigated the effects of contact time, pH, and adsorbent dosage on dye removal efficiency. Batch experiments showed the percentage of dye removed increased with contact time until reaching equilibrium at 2.5 hours. Maximum removal occurred at pH values between 4-6. Removal efficiency also increased with greater dosages of the treated orange peel adsorbent. Equilibrium adsorption data fitted well to both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The results indicate treated orange peel has potential as a low-cost adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater.
IRJET- Preparation of Activated Carbon from PolystyreneIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on preparing activated carbon from polystyrene waste. The researchers used polystyrene waste to create activated carbon via pyrolysis followed by thermal activation. They tested the activated carbon produced for characteristics like moisture content, ash content, density, solubility in water and acid, pH, decolorizing power, phenol number, and iron content. Batch experiments showed the polystyrene-derived activated carbon effectively removed pollutants like chloride from water, with around 80-85% removal achieved within 5 hours. The activated carbon produced adsorption properties similar to commercially available activated carbon. The study thus provides an effective way to utilize polystyrene waste through conversion to useful activated carbon.
IRJET- Preparation of Activated Carbon from PolystyreneIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on preparing activated carbon from polystyrene waste. The researchers used polystyrene waste to create activated carbon via pyrolysis followed by thermal activation. They tested the activated carbon produced for characteristics like moisture content, ash content, density, solubility in water and acid, pH, decolorizing power, phenol number, and iron content. Batch experiments showed the polystyrene-derived activated carbon effectively removed pollutants like acetone acid and HCL from water, with over 80% removal achieved. The activated carbon produced from waste polystyrene provides an environmentally friendly use of this non-biodegradable material.
Equilibrium and Kinetics of Adsorption of Cationic Dyes by STISHOVITE Clay – ...IJMER
1. The study examines the adsorption of cationic dye methyl violet onto a stishovite-TiO2 nanocomposite adsorbent.
2. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of parameters like contact time, dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature.
3. Equilibrium data fitted well to both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data followed pseudo-second order kinetics and the Elovich model, suggesting chemisorption.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines pricing strategy in a two-stage supply chain consisting of a supplier and retailer. The supplier offers a credit period to the retailer, who then offers credit to customers. A mathematical model is formulated to maximize total profit for the integrated supply chain system. The model considers three cases based on the relative lengths of the credit periods offered at each stage. Equations are developed to represent the profit functions for the supplier, retailer and overall system in each case. The goal is to determine the optimal selling price that maximizes total integrated profit.
The document discusses melanoma skin cancer detection using a computer-aided diagnosis system based on dermoscopic images. It begins with an introduction to skin cancer and melanoma. It then reviews existing literature on automated melanoma detection systems that use techniques like image preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. Features extracted in other studies include asymmetry, border irregularity, color, diameter and texture-based features. The proposed system collects dermoscopic images and performs preprocessing, segmentation, extracts 9 features based on the ABCD rule, and classifies images using a neural network classifier to detect melanoma. It aims to develop an automated diagnosis system to eliminate invasive biopsy procedures.
This document summarizes various techniques for image segmentation that have been studied and proposed in previous research. It discusses edge-based, threshold-based, region-based, clustering-based, and other common segmentation methods. It also reviews applications of segmentation in medical imaging, plant disease detection, and other fields. While no single technique can segment all images perfectly, hybrid and adaptive methods combining multiple approaches may provide better results. Overall, image segmentation remains an important but challenging task in digital image processing and computer vision.
This document presents a test for detecting a single upper outlier in a sample from a Johnson SB distribution when the parameters of the distribution are unknown. The test statistic proposed is based on maximum likelihood estimates of the four parameters (location, scale, and two shape) of the Johnson SB distribution. Critical values of the test statistic are obtained through simulation for different sample sizes. The performance of the test is investigated through simulation, showing it performs well at detecting outliers when the contaminant observation represents a large shift from the original distribution parameters. An example application to census data is also provided.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a portable device called the "Disha Device" to improve women's safety. The device has features like live location tracking, audio/video recording, automatic messaging to emergency contacts, a buzzer, flashlight, and pepper spray. It is designed using an Arduino microcontroller connected to GPS and GSM modules. When the button is pressed, it sends an alert message with the woman's location, sets off an alarm, activates the flashlight and pepper spray for self-defense. The goal is to provide women a compact, one-click safety system to help them escape dangerous situations or call for help with just a single press of a button.
- The document describes a study that constructed physical fitness norms for female students attending social welfare schools in Andhra Pradesh, India.
- Researchers tested 339 students in classes 6-10 on speed, strength, agility and flexibility tests. Tests included 50m run, bend and reach, medicine ball throw, broad jump, shuttle run, and vertical jump.
- The results showed that 9th class students had the best average time for the 50m run. 10th class students had the highest flexibility on average. Strength and performance generally improved with increased class level.
This document summarizes research on downdraft gasification of biomass. It discusses how downdraft gasifiers effectively convert solid biomass into a combustible producer gas. The gasification process involves pyrolysis and reactions between hot char and gases that produce CO, H2, and CH4. Downdraft gasifiers are well-suited for biomass gasification due to their simple design and ability to manage the gasification process with low tar production. The document also reviews previous studies on gasifier configuration upgrades and their impact on performance, and the principles of downdraft gasifier operation.
This document summarizes the design and manufacturing of a twin spindle drilling attachment. Key points:
- The attachment allows a drilling machine to simultaneously drill two holes in a single setting, improving productivity over a single spindle setup.
- It uses a sun and planet gear arrangement to transmit power from the main spindle to two drilling spindles.
- Components like gears, shafts, and housing were designed using Creo software and manufactured. Drill chucks, bearings, and bits were purchased.
- The attachment was assembled and installed on a vertical drilling machine. It is aimed at improving productivity in mass production applications by combining two drilling operations into one setup.
The document presents a comparative study of different gantry girder profiles for various crane capacities and gantry spans. Bending moments, shear forces, and section properties are calculated and tabulated for 'I'-section with top and bottom plates, symmetrical plate girder, 'I'-section with 'C'-section top flange, plate girder with rolled 'C'-section top flange, and unsymmetrical plate girder sections. Graphs of steel weight required per meter length are presented. The 'I'-section with 'C'-section top flange profile is found to be optimized for biaxial bending but rolled sections may not be available for all spans.
This document summarizes research on analyzing the first ply failure of laminated composite skew plates under concentrated load using finite element analysis. It first describes how a finite element model was developed using shell elements to analyze skew plates of varying skew angles, laminations, and boundary conditions. Three failure criteria (maximum stress, maximum strain, Tsai-Wu) were used to evaluate first ply failure loads. The minimum load from the criteria was taken as the governing failure load. The research aims to determine the effects of various parameters on first ply failure loads and validate the numerical approach through benchmark problems.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the larvicidal effects of Aegle marmelos (bael tree) leaf extracts on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Specifically, it assessed the efficacy of methanol extracts from A. marmelos leaves in killing A. aegypti larvae (at the third instar stage) and altering their midgut proteins. The study found that the leaf extract achieved 50% larval mortality (LC50) at a concentration of 49 ppm. Proteomic analysis of larval midguts revealed changes in protein expression levels after exposure to the extract, suggesting its bioactive compounds can disrupt the midgut. The aim is to identify specific inhibitor proteins in the midg
This document presents a system for classifying electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The system first preprocesses raw ECG data by removing noise and segmenting the signals. It then uses a CNN to extract features directly from the ECG data and classify arrhythmias without requiring complex feature engineering. The CNN architecture contains 11 convolutional layers and is optimized using techniques like batch normalization and dropout. The system was tested on ECG datasets and achieved classification accuracy of over 93%, demonstrating its effectiveness at automated ECG classification.
This document presents a new algorithm for extracting and summarizing news from online newspapers. The algorithm first extracts news related to the topic using keyword matching. It then distinguishes different types of news about the same topic. A term frequency-based summarization method is used to generate summaries. Sentences are scored based on term frequency and the highest scoring sentences are selected for the summary. The algorithm was evaluated on news datasets from various newspapers and showed good performance in intrinsic evaluation metrics like precision, recall and F-score. Thus, the proposed method can effectively extract and summarize online news for a given keyword or topic.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
The CBC machine is a common diagnostic tool used by doctors to measure a patient's red blood cell count, white blood cell count and platelet count. The machine uses a small sample of the patient's blood, which is then placed into special tubes and analyzed. The results of the analysis are then displayed on a screen for the doctor to review. The CBC machine is an important tool for diagnosing various conditions, such as anemia, infection and leukemia. It can also help to monitor a patient's response to treatment.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
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Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
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77201935
1. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.7, July 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
17
doi: 10.32622/ijrat.77201935
Abstract- Rhodamine-B was removed from prepared
synthetic aqueous dye solution by activated carbon prepared
from bark of Vachellia Nilotica. The influence of process
parameters such as interaction time, dose, pH and initial
concentration are investigated and presented. The adsorption
equilibrium values analysis was performed with different
isotherm models such as Freundlich, Langmuir Isotherm,
Toth, R-P, and Fritz-Schulender isotherm model is best fitted
for Rhodamine –B dye removal. Present study shows that
bark of Babul Tree [BBT] is efficient for removal of
Rhodamine-B dye.
IndexTerms: Bark of Vachellia Nilotica Tree, Isotherm
Study, Rhodamine-B Dye, Kinetic Study and Activated
Carbon.
I. INTRODUCTION
The occurrences of dyes in waste water are created a very
serious environmental problem, when it discharges in to
hydrosphere such as river, pond, Lake Etc. Dyes are commonly
utilized in several sectors such as cosmetics industry, rubber
industry, printing industry, leather industry, food industry,
textile industry, tanning industry and dye production industries
[3]. Dyeing industries will give as adverse colors to the
hydrosphere they will be reduce the sunlight penetration in
water body and resist the photosynthetic reaction due to this
reason aquatic life system and biodiversity are affected [1].
World health organization and Indian
government have responsibilities to increase health and
environmental awareness. There are three methods used for
dye removal physical, chemical, biological and combined
methods [4]. The adsorption process is best process compare
than other removal process due to it has low cost, simple
methods, sludge free clean operation and complete removal of
dyes [7],[8]. Activated carbon are widely used as adsorbent
due to it consist several properties such as it extended surface
area, high degree of surface reactivity, micro porous structure
and high adsorption capacity [5]. Cost of commercially used
activated carbons is very high. In these study various active
carbon use as adsorbent, these are include such as coconut
husk, soybean husk, peanut shell, saw dust and bark of
Vachellia-Nilotica tree. This adsorbent is more effective due
to low cost [6],[10].
The purpose of present studies is; (i) To find the
optimal process parameters such as adsorbent dose, pH, initial
dye concentration and contact time for efficient adsorption by
using bark of babul tree are found and presented. (ii) To find
the applicability of mono component equilibrium models;
viz., Langmuir, Freundlich, R-P, Toth and Fritz-Schulender
isotherm models; (iii) To find the kinetics study.
II. MATERIALS
Chemicals used in this experimental work are arranged
from chemical engineering department of UEC Ujjain
(M.P) and Malic chemical suppliers. 100 mg/l of
Rhodamine-B stock solution was prepared by using 0.1g
of Rhodamine –B mixed in 1L of distilled water. Dilute
dye solutions are used for calibration curve and pH was
used adjusted to using 1N-NaOH and Hcl prepared
solution.
III. Experimental Process
Batch experiments for optimization of process parameters
were carried out by taking 100 ml sample in conical flask
mixed with 1-5 gm. adsorbent by using 120 rpm in an
incubator cum orbital shaker (Rimi Instrument Model No.
CIS24-9/99) for 2hrs. The optimum pH (pH 4-12) and
temperature (31±1℃) was used in present experimental
work. Different dose of activated carbons are used in range of
1 to 5 gram mixed with 100 ml of dye solution having
concentration in range of 100 to 600 mg/l. After that solution
mixer was removed from shaker at predetermined time
duration. Adsorbent was separated by filter paper from the
dye aqueous solution. There after residual dye concentration
was measuring by UV 1800 spectrophotometer at 554 nm (λ).
The adsorption equilibrium amount of activated carbon is
found by using of eq. 1 [5].
( ) ( )
Where, qe= amount of adsorbate adsorbed at equilibrium
(mg/g), Ci & Co (mg/g) one the initial and final concentration
of dye solution, V (L) the volume of dye solution and M (g)
the weight of the adsorbent used in the present study.
Preparation of adsorbent:
In present work, biodegradable solid waste are collected from
local area of Ujjain city. Firstly, washed with tap water and
distilled water for 3-4 times for elimination of debris, dust and
mud. Sample was dried for 3-4 days in sun light. After that
samples are dried in oven at 60±5℃ for 3 to 4 hr.
Carbonization process is done at 300℃ for 2 hour is Muffle
Furnace- (Tempo Instruments pvt. Ltd 230v/14AMPS,
S.NO-SM-1033). After that chemical activation of samples
are done with using of 2N-H2SO4 for 24 hrs. After the
completion of chemical activation process samples are
Studies on Removal of Rhodamine-B Dye by Using Bark
of Vachellia Nilotica Tree
Balram khote, Dr. Sarita Sharma, Dr. Neetu Singh, Dr. Ashok Sharma
Manuscript revised on July 19, 2019 and published on August 10, 2019
Balram khote, Lecturer at government polytechnic college, Ujjain.
Dr. Sarita Sharma, Professor in Department of Chemical Engineering,
Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain.
Dr. Neetu Singh, Assistant professor Department of Chemical
Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain.
Dr. Ashok Sharma, Professor in Department of Chemical Engineering,
Ujjain Engineering college, Ujjain.
2. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.7, July 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
18
doi: 10.32622/ijrat.77201935
washed with distilled water 3 to 4 times. For removing extra
moisture samples are dried using oven.
IV. CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Analysis
SEM is used to verify the external morphology of the material
[2][6]. Fig.-1 shows SEM image of the activated carbon it is
clearly seen that the pore formed in different shapes and sizes
and Fig.-2. show SEM image, after adsorption of dye.
Figure 1. SEM image of activated carbon of bark of
Vachellia Nilotica Tree.
Figure 2. Show SEM image after adsorption of dye.
FTIR Spectroscopy Analysis
FTIR provide specific information about the shaking and
revolution of the chemical bonding and molecular structure,
organic material and fixed inorganic material [5]. FTIR were
recorded by a Perkin Elmer Spectra version 10.4.00 MANIT
JAPURE (R.J).The samples were existing into the measured
in the range 4000- 400cm-1
. The FTIR spectrum of activated
carbon of bark of Vachellia Nilotica tree shown in Fig.-3 The
FTIR spectrum shows a broad adsorption bond at around
3420.57 cm-1
similar to the vibrational of hydrogen bond
between N-H and O-H groups, the region between
1711.1-1621.78 cm-1
is assigned to the C=C stretch of
Alkynes.1384.13-1316.21 cm-1
is assigned to C-H Alkanes
groups, 1146.55-780.07 cm-1
is C-O is assigned to Alcohols
and Ester group and 665.50-601.05 is indicating the presence
of C-H Alkynes. The strong bond at 515.49 cm.-1
Figure 3. FTIR spectra graph for bark of Babul tree.
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Influence of PH
The pH is an essential factor for affecting the elimination of
dye from waste water due to dissimilarity of H+
and OH+
of
the. The adsorption influence of Rhodamine-B dye over a pH
range of 4-12.The obtained results shows that adsorption
process of Rhodamine –B was favorable in basic media in
Fig.-4. increasing pH of solution helps to increase the
adsorption capability. The pH progressively increased the
adsorption capacity due to decreased protonation of the
(ACBBT) surface charge.
Figure 4. Influence of pH on dye removal of dye.
Figure 5. Influence of adsorbent dose on removal of dye.
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
76
4 6 8 10 12
%RemovalofDye
pH
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 2 4 6
%RemovalofDye
Adsorbent Dose (gram)
3. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.7, July 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
19
doi: 10.32622/ijrat.77201935
Influence of Adsorbent Dose
The influence of adsorbent dose on the elimination of dye was
studied for 1-5 gram of ACBBT doses. It is found that
Percent’s elimination of Rhodamine-B dye was increased due
to rise in surface area, high porosity and pores volume. The
increase in percentage elimination of dye is clarified due to
increase in dynamic places with increase in adsorbent dose.
On further elimination of dye percentage was found constant.
These happen due to fact that overlapping of activation at high
dose which decreased the surface area. It was found that at
optimum condition 96.75 % of dye removed at 4 g/l dye
concentration show in fig.-5.
Influence of Contact Time
The adsorbent concentration and interaction time between
adsorbent species play a major role in the process of
elimination of Rhodamine–B dye from synthetic waste water.
Result of these is presented in Fig.No.-6. It is observe from
that during the initial stage adsorbent process, percentage
elimination of Rhodamine –B. Initially adsorption was very
fast these happen due to fact that high concentration gradient
present between the dye concentration and adsorbents
surface. Maximum removal done after3 hr. where it shows the
maximum removal of dye and after that removal becomes
constant. At initial stage of process, adsorption done very fast,
these happens due to fact that weak Vander wall force present
between molecules. On further increasing the reaction time
strong bond formed between adsorbate and adsorbent which
slow down the removal process.
Figure 6. Influence of contact time.
Figure 7. Influence of initial concentration of dye [con.
100-600mg/l, dose 4g/l, contact time 4 hr., pH -8, Agitation
speed 120 rpm and temperature 31±1℃.
Influence of Initial Dye Concentration
The initial concentration provides a driving force for
concentration gradiant of adsorbate and adsobent. Show in
Fig.-7 removal of dye about 99.68 % was carrid out at an
initial concentration of 100mg/l. On further increasing the
concentration in range of 200-600 mg/l the removal
percentage decreases but adsorbent equilibrium ammount
increase. This happen due to fact that at low concentration the
active sites are easily engaged with absorbent molecules,
which indicated a high percentage removal. After that
inceasing ammount of initial concentration of dye and
adsorbent quantity is constant these shows that high ammount
of dye leads to saturation of binding capacity of adsorbents
which decreases removal of dye.
VI. ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIUM ISOTHERM MODEL
Results for removal of dye on ACBBT was analyzed using
solver function of Microsoft excel 2010. The data mono
component adsorption of dye onto ACBBT was fitted to
various isotherm models i.e Freundlich, R-P, Fritz- Schlunde,
Langmuir and Toth models [9]. From Table -1 and Figure-8 it
could be observed that Langmuir model are not suitable due
to high MPSD. Freundlich, R-P.Toth, Fritz-Schluder proved
better result lowest MPSD. The maximum adsorption
capacity of dye was found 7.759 mg/g for dye removal.
Figure 8. Comparisons of Isotherm Model.
Figure 9. Kinetic study of adsorption of dye
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 2 4 6
%RemovalofDye
Time (hr.)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 200 400 600 800
%RemovalofDye
Concentration (mg/l)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 200 400 600 800
qeAdsorbentAmount(mg/g)
Initial Dye Concentration (mg/l)
Experimen
tal
Langmuir
Freundlich
R-P
Toth
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
0 100 200 300 400
qt(mg/g)
Time (min)
qt
(expe)
qt ( cal)
i
qt(cal)
ii
4. International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.7, No.7, July 2019
E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Available online at www.ijrat.org
20
doi: 10.32622/ijrat.77201935
Table 1: Equilibrium Isotherm Constants of
Rhodamine-B Dey Removal on ACBBT
Isotherm Model Various Parameter MPSD
Freundlich Kf 1/n N 8.91
3.29 0.28 3.54
Langmuir
( )
KL qm
-----------
30.67
1.3790 7.76 …….
Toth
( )
q"e th 9.68
54 0.42 0.036
Frith-Schlunder
( )
ꞵ1 ꞵ2 α1 α2 8.92
0.28 0 3.3 5.71
E-05
Redlich –petertion
( )
K1 K2 --- B 8.922
62972.83 1911.84 ---
-
0.72
VII. KINETIC STUDIES
For finding of kinetic study adsorption of Rhodamine-B dye
occurs through physisorption and chemisorption. Pseudo-first
order and Pseudo-second order kinetic models were applied
respectively. Result of these is presented in Table -2 and
Fig.-9. In case of Rhodamine-B kinetic data is well fitted by
pseudo-second order, ARE value (1.71) is lower then,
pseudo-first order ARE value (2.6565). ARE value lowest is
best for kinetic study. Hence dye are adsorbent by
chemisorption.
Table 2: Kinetc Studies of Adsorption of Rhodamine-B
Dye on Bark of Babul Tree
Kinetic Study Rhodamine-B Dye
Pseudo- First order Value
q1 (mg/g) 1.564789
K1 (min-1
) 0.044026
ARE (%) 2.656562
Pseudo-Second order Value
q2 (mg/g) 1.71
K2 (g/mg-min) 0.040646
ARE (%) 1.76156
VIII. CONCLUSION
Results of adsorption of dyes are fond and presented in this
paper at different process parameter such as pH, temperature,
size and amounts of adsorbent. Dye 100mg/l was attained at
pH-8, temperature 31℃, dose concentration 4g/L., contact
time 2hrs., and agitation speed 120rpm. are optimum
parameters. It is found that at optimum conditions 99.686%
dye removed from aqueous solution. Containing Moreover
equilibrium and kinetic studies were also carried out at
optimized parameters. Dye adsorption was found to be
expressed by Toth model. Kinetic studies relating to
adsorption of dye revealed that chemisorption to be the
mechanisms of adsorption. ACBBT are a cheap and easily
available material which are act better substitute of activated
carbon.
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AUTHORS PROFILE
Balram khote, Lecturer at government polytechnic college
Ujjain, Department of refinery and petrochemical
engineering, B.E. in chemical engineering from Ujjain
engineering college Ujjain, 10 year teaching experience in
polytechnic college, At present pursuing M.Tech in
chemical engineering specialization in environmental
management. One paper published in international journal.
Dr. Sarita Sharma, Professor in Department of Chemical
Engineering, Ujjain Engineering college Ujjain, B.E. from
NIT Raipur, M.Tech from IIT Khadgpur, PhD awarded by
Rajiv Gandhi Prodyogiki Vishwavidyalaya Bhopal
(M.P.). Thirty international papers published, PhD guide
nominated by RGPV Bhopal, 26 year teaching experience
in engineering college.
Dr. Neetu Singh, Assistant professor Department of
Chemical Engineering, Ujjain Engineering College
Ujjain, B.Tech in chemical Engineering, M.Tech in
chemical enginerring (specialization in modeling and
simulation), and PhD from IIT Roorkee. Three year
teaching experience in engineering college with Nine
international research paper Published in scopus index Journels.
Dr. Ashok Sharma, Professor in Department of
Chemical Engineering, Ujjain Engineering college
Ujjain, B.E. from NIT Raipur, M.Tech from IIT
Khadgpur, PhD awarded by Rajiv Gandhi Prodyogiki
Vishwavidyalaya Bhopal (M.P.). Thirty international
papers published. PhD guide nominated by RGPV
Bhopal, 26 year teaching experience in engineering college.
.