THIS PPT IS VERY USEFUL FOR THE STUDENTS AND EASY TO LEARN...

2. KIRANDEEP KAUR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
CHILD HEALTH NURSING

4. INTRODUCTION
Communication is a dynamic, reciprocal
process of sending and receiving messages.
Communication is more than the act of
talking and listening. From the first cry of a
newborn to the whisper of a person who is
dying, the primary purpose of a
communication is to share information and
obtain a response. People use
communication to meet their physical,
psychosocial, emotional and spiritual needs

5. MEANING
• Latin word “Communicare” means “to share”
or “to impart”

7. DEFINITION
• Communication is ‘any act by which one
person gives to or receives from person
information about that person’s needs desires,
perception, knowledge or affective states’.
Communication may be intentional or
unintentional, may involve conventional or
unconventional signals, may take linguistic or
non-linguistic forms and may occur through
spoken or other modes.

8. DEFINITION
• Communication is a process through which
individuals mutually exchange their ideas,
values, thoughts, feelings and action between
one or more people

9. • It is two way process
• The goal of communication is to bring about a
changes in the desired direction of the person
who receives the communication. this may be at
….
– Cognitive level: increase the knowledge
– Affective level: changing patterns of behaviour &
attitudes.
– Psychomotor level: acquiring new skills

11. Source ReceiverMessage
Encoding Decoding
Communication Medium
Feedback
N O I S E

12. Channels of Communication
• face-to-face
• television
• radio
• direct mail
• newspapers
• magazine
• electronic

13. Communication is a reciprocal process.
Communication is cooperative process
Communication is continuous and never
ending process.
Communication is a persuasive function

14.  The basic purpose of communication is to
motivate a response and to create mutual
understanding.
Communication includes all means by which
meaning is conveyed from one person to
another

15. GOOD
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
• Effective active listening along with some
feedback
• Asking open-ended question
• Making eye-to-eye contact
• Providing complete attention

16. SENDER MESSAGE CHANNEL
RECEIVERFEEDBACK

18. Sender
• Originator of the message, must know about
– Clearly defined objectives.
– Interest& needs of the audience
– Message
– Channels
– Professional abilities & limitations.

19. Message (Content)
In line with
objectives
Meaningful
Based on felt
needs
Clear &
understandable
Specific &
accurate
Timely &
adequate
Fitting the
audience
Interesting
Culturally &
socially
appropriate
A good message must be

20. Effective messages
 Command Attention
 Clearly Stated
 Communicate a Benefit
 Constantly Repeated
 Reach the Heart and Head
 Create Trust
 Call for Action.

21. Channel (medium)
• 3 types of mediums…
– Interpersonal:
• face to face media
– Mass media:
• Tv, Radio, printed media
– Traditional or Folk media:
• R/t cultural values of the rural population.

22. Receiver (Audience)
• 2 types of audience…
–Controlled audience
–Un-controlled or free audience

23. Feedback
• Flow of information from audience to the
sender.
• It’s the reaction of audience to message.

24. COMMUNICATION
TYPES
one-way communication (didactic
method)
Two-way communication
Verbal communication
Non-verbal communication
Formal & informal communication
Visual communication
Telecommunication
Internet communication

25. The 7c’s of effective communication
1. Completeness
2. Conciseness
3. Consideration
4. Clarity
5. Concreteness
6. Courtesy
7. Correctness.

26. Completeness
`
•The information conveyed in the message should be complete for the
communication to be effective.
•The sender must take into consideration the receiver’s mind set and convey
the message accordingly.
•Complete communication enhances the reputation of the organization.
•Complete information always gives additional information wherever required,
it leaves no question in the minds of the receiver.
•Complete information helps in better decision making as it serves all the
desired and crucial information.
•Complete information persuades the audience.

27. Conciseness
•Conciseness means communicating what you want to convey in
least possible words.
•Conciseness is a necessity for effective communication.
•Concise communication provides short and essential message in
limited words.
•Concise message is more appealing and comprehensive to the
audience.
•Concise messages are non repetitive in nature.

28. Consideration
•Effective communication must take audience into consideration
by knowing the viewpoints, back ground, mindset, educational
level, etc.
•Consideration implies ‘stepping into the shoes of others’.
•Consideration ensures that the self respect of the audience is
maintained and their emotions are not harmed.
•Consider the needs and requirements of the audience to
achieve effective communication.

29. Clarity
•Clarity implies emphasizing on a specific goal or objective at a time,
rather than trying to move away from track.
•Clarity helps to understand the message easily.
•Complete clarity of thoughts and ideas enhances the meaning of
message.
•Clarity comes with the use of exact, appropriate and concrete
words.

30. Concreteness
•Concrete communication implies being particular and clear
rather being fuzzy and general.
•Concrete communication shows good level of confidence.
•Concrete information helps to strengthen the reputation of the
organization.
•Concrete information cannot be misinterpreted.

31. Courtesy
•Courtesy means being polite, kind, judicious, enthusiastic and
convincing.
•Courtesy is an important element of effective communication.
•Courtesy reflects the nature and character of the sender of the
message.
•It is the same as give respect and then expect the same.
•Courtesy is not at all bias in nature.

32. Correctness
•Correctness in the communication implies that the correct
information is conveyed through message.
•Correct communication boosts up the confidence level of the
sender.
•Correct information has greater impact on the audience.
•Free from grammatical errors and use of appropriate and correct
language.
•Correct information includes the precision and accurateness of
facts and figures used in the message.

33. Types of communication
in NURSING
• SOCIAL
• STRUCTURED
• THERAPEUTIC
• ASSERTIVE

34. • Social communication is an unplanned
communication, often carried out in an
informal setting and usually at leisurely
pace.
• Structured communication refers to
definite planned content.eg. Teaching a
client deep breathing exercises

35. • Therapeutic communication is a process
that helps overcome temporary stress
and helps in self realization.
• Eg to help a patient cope with the
diagnosis of cancer.

36. communication -
VERBAL
• PACE AND INTONATION
• SIMPLICITY
• CLARITY & BREVITY
• ADAPTABILITY
• TIMING &RELEVANCE
• HUMOUR
• CREDIBILITY

37. Oral
In oral communication,
Spoken words are used.
It includes face-to-face
conversations, speech,
telephonic conversation,
video, radio, television, voice
over internet.
Communication is influenced
by pitch, volume, speed and
clarity of speaking.
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38. Advantages –
It brings quick feedback.
In a face-to-face conversation, by reading
facial expression and body language one can
guess whether he/she should trust what’s
being said or not.
Disadvantages –
In face-to-face discussion, user is unable to
deeply think about what he is delivering, so
this can be counted as a fault.

40. Non-Verbal communication
Poster and
gait
Facial
expressions
Eye contact
Body
movements
Touch
Hand
movements
Symbols and
signals

41. communication –
WRITTEN
• APPROPRIATE LANGUAGE
• TERMINOLOGY
• CORRECT GRAMMER
• SPELLING
• APPROPRIATE USE AND CITATION OF
RESOURCES
• PUNCTUATION
• LOGICAL ORGANISATION

42. Written
In written communication, written
signs or symbols are used to
communicate.
In written communication message can
be transmitted via email, letter, report,
memo etc.
Written Communication is most
common form of communication being
used in business.
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43. Advantages –
Messages can be edited and revised
Written communication provide record and
backup.
A written message enables receiver to fully
understand it and send appropriate feedback.
Disadvantages –
Written communication doesn’t bring instant
feedback. It take more time in composing a
written message as compared to word-of-
mouth and number of people struggles for
writing ability.

44. communication -
WRITTEN
• SIMPLE
• CLEAR & BRIEF
• RELEVANT
• CREDIBILITY

45. Environmentalbarrier:
Psychologicalbarrier:
Culturalbarrier:
Physiologicalbarrier:
eg:- vision
problems,
hearing
impaired
eg:-
delirium,
confused,
depressed
pts.
eg:-noise,
invisibility,
congestion eg:-
illiteracy,
customs &
beliefs,
lanuage.

48. FACTORS AFFECTING
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Ability of the
communicator
perceptions
Attitude
Knowledge
Time

49. Contd..
Personal space
Environment
Emotions
Self esteem
Roles and relationships
Social cultural
backgrond and
values

50. IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION
 Communication is important for the nurses to
understand and to exchange ideas to the
patient and their relatives, doctors and other
members of the health team
It reduces the interpersonal tensions and
improves the interpersonal relationship
Poor communication results in poor patient
care and poor interpersonal relationship.

51. Contd…
Good communication helps the nurse to modify
her behaviour and she will be able to influence
the behaviour of those with whom she deals with
Good communication prevents disorder in ward
and hospital organization
Help the nurses to interpret the hospital and
patient care

53. NEED OF COMMUNICATION IN NURSING
Generates trust between the nurse and
clients.
Provides the nurse with professional
satisfaction.
It is also a means for bringing about a change.
It is a foundation of relationship between
nurse and other members of health team.

54. CONTD…
Greater efforts in their work performance.
Lubricant which fosters smooth operation of
the management process.
Provides basis for leadership action.
Provides means of coordination.

55. Purposes Of Communication in Nursing
To transfer information between all classes of
employees to have common understanding
among them.
To interpret and adopt policies in
organization.
To include motivation, cooperation and
coordination in the employees.

56. CONTD…
To improve employer and employee
relationships.
To recruit, select, train and develop the
personnel in the organization.
To encourage participation in decision making.
To delegate authority.

57. CONTD…
To boost group morale of the workers.
To ensure job satisfaction.
To help grievance procedure and disciplinary
actions.
To inform the community of the services
available in the organization.

58. CONTD…
To prepare the personnel and the public for a
change process
To improve Public relation with the
government and other agencies.
To get feedback from the personnel and the
public for improvement.

63. Essentials of good communication
The sender and the receiver use the same
language and express the ideas in simple
words.
Avoid technical words and abbreviations that
are not in use.
There should be clarity in the expressions of
ideas
Pay attention to the nonverbal message
accompanying the verbal message.

64. CONTD…
One should be aware of both relevancy and
timing when communicating others.
There should be adjustability .Spoken
messages need to be altered according to the
behaviour pattern of the receiver which
change hour by hour or day by day.
The sender sendershould have thorough
knowledge of the subject.

65. CONTD…
Nurse must have listening, problem solving
and self disclosure skills
Getting and giving feedback is essential