The document discusses various barriers to effective communication. It identifies barriers as anything that distorts or hinders the message from being properly understood by the receiver. It then proceeds to list and describe numerous potential barriers that can occur at different stages of the communication process, including physical, cultural, perceptual, emotional, social, linguistic, organizational and interpersonal barriers. Overcoming barriers to communication requires awareness of how our thoughts, feelings and behaviors may hinder understanding and relationship building.

2.  Communication is the process of sharing our ideas,
thoughts, and feelings with other people and having
those ideas, thoughts, and feelings understood by the
people we are talking with. When we communicate we
speak, listen, and observe

3. Intro
 Communication is the process by which a source
transmit any messages ,ideas, information to the
receiver through a medium.
 Barriers to communication are the hindrances or
difficulties involved in the process of communication
which distort the message from being properly
understood by the receiver.

4. Communication process

5. Barrier in communication

6.  Have you ever been talking to someone and they
misunderstand what you were saying? Why do you
think that happens? At any point in the
communication process a barrier can occur. Barriers
keep us from understanding other’s ideas and
thoughts. Barriers can appear at any point of the
communication loop

7. • external
• Fatigue
• Poor listening
barrierrs • Attitude
• Lack of interest
• Fear
• Mistrust
internal

8. Identifying barriers
Communication is about overcoming barriers.
 State all the barriers
that you can think of
that impact on your
day-to-day
communication

9. Common barriers to
communication
 Physical (time, environment, comfort, needs,
physical medium)
 Cultural (ethnic, religious, and social differences)
 Perceptional (viewing what is said from your own
mindset)
 Experiential (lack of similar experience)
 Emotional (personal feelings at the moment)
 Linguistic (different languages or vocabulary)

10.  Non-verbal (non-word messages)
 Competition (noise, doing other things besides
listening)
 Words (we assign a meaning to a word often
because of culture)
 Context (high / low)
 Gestures (misunderstood gestures are a major
barrier )
 Variations in language – accent, dialect
 Slang

11. Common barriers to
communication
 Physiological barriers
 Perceptual barriers
 Emotional
 Social, Cultural and ethical
 Language
 Gender
 Interpersonal

12. Physiological barriers
 Attitude and values
 Difference in perceptions
 Abstraction
 Filtration
 Resistance to change

13. Semantic barriers
 Lack of common language
 Poor vocabulary
 Poor grammar, punctuations
 Lack of clarity in the message
 Use of jargons

14. Organizational
 Complexity in organisation structure
 Status and positions
 Policies, rules and regulations
 Wrong choice of medium
 Communication overload
 Fear of superiors

15. Emotional
 These are typically formed during childhood,
remaining with you through adulthood. When you are
consistently being taught how to rein in your
emotions, not to speak unless spoken to or that it is
taboo to express your true feelings to someone, this
will surely affect your ability to communicate as an
adult.
 Fear
 Mistrust
 Suspicion

16. Social, Cultural and ethical
 Social barriers to communication include the social psychological
phenomenon of conformity; a process in which the norms, values and
behaviours of an individual begin to follow those of the wider group.
 Cultural barriers to communication, which often arise where
individuals in one social group have developed different norms,
values, or behaviours to individuals associated with another group.
 Ethical barriers to communication; these occur when individuals
working in an organisation find it difficult to voice dissent, even
though their organisation is acting in ways they consider to be
unethical.

17. cultural
 Language differences – people who don’t speak English may have a difficult
time communicating. You should:
 a. Speak slowly
 b. Use nonverbal communication (smile)
 c. Avoid tendency to speak louder
 d. Find an interpreter
 2. Eye contact – in some cultures, it’s not acceptable, and looking down is a sign
of respect
 3. Terminal illness – in some cultures, the patient is NOT told his/her
prognosis, and family members are responsible for making care decisions
 Touch – in some cultures, it is wrong to touch someone on the head
 5. Personal care – in some cultures, only family members provide personal care

18. interpersonal
 Withdrawal is an absence of interpersonal contact.
 Rituals are meaningless, repetitive routines devoid of real contact.
 Pastimes fill up time with others in social but superficial activities.
 Games are subtle, manipulative interactions which are about winning
and losing. They include "rackets" and "stamps“
 Closeness is the aim of interpersonal contact where there is a high
level of honesty and acceptance of yourself and others.

19. Ways to overcome barriers

20.  Working on improving your communications is a
broad-brush activity. You have to change your
thoughts, your feelings, and your physical connections.
 That way, you can break down the barriers that get in
your way and start building relationships that really
work.