This seminar by Balvant V. Biradar discusses cluster computing, focusing on its definition, types, components, operations, and applications. It highlights the benefits of cluster computing, such as scalability, availability, and performance, and outlines various cluster types like high availability, load balancing, and parallel processing clusters. Key applications include Google's search engine and petroleum reservoir simulation, supported by references to relevant literature.

1. CLUSTER COMPUTING
A Seminar on
Presented by :
Name – Balvant V. Biradar
Roll No. – 001
Class – M.Sc. C.S. – S.Y. (IV - Semester)

2. This Seminar Covers…
• Introduction to Cluster Computing
• Types of Clusters
• Cluster Components
• Cluster Operation
• Cluster Applications
• References

3. ABSTRACT
• A computer cluster is a group of linked computers,
working together closely so that in many respects they
form a single computer
• The major objective in the cluster is utilizing a group of
processing nodes so as to complete the assigned job
in a minimum amount of time by working
cooperatively. The main and important strategy to
achieve such objective is by transferring the extra
loads from busy nodes to idle nodes.
• The seminar will contain the concepts of cluster
computing and the principles involved in it.

4. Introduction
• Background Study
– Super , Mainframe computers are not cost
effective
– Cluster technologies have been developed
that allow multiple low cost computers to
work in a coordinated fashion to process
applications
– These are cost effective and provides
performance and flexibility

5. What is cluster computing
• Cluster computing is best characterized as
the integration of a number of off-the-shelf
commodity computers and resources
integrated through hardware, networks, and
software to behave as a single computer

6. Cluster Benefits
• Scalability, a cluster uses the combined
processing power of compute nodes to run
cluster-enabled applications
• Availability, within the cluster is assured as
nodes within the cluster provide backup to
each other in the event of a failure
• Performance, an additional benefit comes
with the existence of a single system image
and the ease of manageability of the cluster

7. TYPES OF CLUSTER
• High Availability or Failover Clusters
– designed to provide uninterrupted
availability of data or services to the end-
user community
– Used to implement database, mail, file
print, web application servers.

8. TYPES OF CLUSTER cont..
• Load Balancing Cluster
– distributes incoming requests for resources
or content among multiple nodes running
the same programs or having the same
content

9. TYPES OF CLUSTER cont..
• Parallel/Distributed Processing Clusters
– A parallel cluster is a system that uses a
number of nodes to simultaneously solve a
specific computational or data-mining task
– typically used for- mathematical
computation, scientific analysis and
financial data analysis

10. CLUSTER COMPONENTS
• The basic building blocks of clusters are broken down
into multiple categories: the cluster nodes, cluster
operating system, network switching hardware and
the node/switch interconnect

11. CLUSTER OPERATION
• Cluster Nodes:
– migrated from the conventional tower cases to single rack-
unit multiprocessor systems
– responsible for running the file system and also serves as
the key system

12. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• Cluster Network:
– availability of high speed, low-latency network switch
technologies that provide the inter-nodal communications
• Network Characterization: Two primary Characteristics – bandwidth and
delay,
• Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and 10-Gigabit Ethernet

13. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• Cluster Applications:
– Parallel applications exhibit a wide range of communication
behaviours and impose various requirements on the
underlying network
– Compute Intensive Applications: applies to any computer application
that demands a lot of computation cycles, are very sensitive to end-to-end
message latency
– Data or I/O Intensive Applications: applies to any application that has
high demands of attached storage facilities
– Transaction Intensive Applications: applies to any application that
has a high-level of interactive transactions between an application resource
and the cluster resources

14. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• Message Latency:
– defined as the time it takes to send a zero-length message from
one processor to another (in ms)
– is made up of aggregate latency incurred at each element within
the cluster network, including within the cluster nodes themselves

15. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• CPU Utilization:
– To use computer resources as efficiently as possible

16. CLUSTER APPLICATIONS
• Few important cluster applications are:
– Google Search Engine.
– Petroleum Reservoir Simulation.
– Protein Explorer.
– Earthquake Simulation.
– Image Rendering.

17. REFERENCES
• [1]. http://icl.cs.utk.edu/iter-ref
• [2]. M. Baker, A. Apon, R. Buyya, H. Jin, “Cluster
Computing and Applications”, Encyclopedia of
Computer Science and Technology, Vol.45, Marcel
Dekker, Aug. 2006.
• [3]. D. Butenhof, Programming with POSIX Threads,
Addison-Wesley, 2000.
• [4]. R. Buyya (ed.), High Performance Cluster
Computing: Systems and Architectures, Prentice
Hall, 2007.

18. Thank you...
Presented by :
Name – Balvant V. Biradar
Roll No. – 001
Class – M.Sc. C.S. – S.Y. (IV - Semester)