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1. CLOPIDOGREL
( Anti-platelet )
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2. GROUP MEMBERS
Wajid Hanif Butt dp 305-060
Afzal Ali Shah dp 305-040
Khizar Nabeel Ali dp 305-026
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3. Clopidogrel
 Clopidogrel is a potent oral antiplatelet
agent often used in the treatment of coronary
artery disease, peripheral vascular disease,
and cerebrovascular disease.
 Clopidogrel is used for: Reducing the risk of
stroke or heart attack in patients who have
already had a heart attack or stroke, or have
other circulatory problems due to narrowing
and hardening of the arteries. I
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4. Structure
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5. Systematic (IUPAC) name
 Methyl 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(6,7-
dihydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)acetate
 Formula C16H16ClNO2S
 Mol. mass 321.82 g/mol
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6. Brand name
 Brands available in Pakistan
 Lowplat 75 mg Pharmevo -(PVT)
 Clopid 75 mg Ferozsons (LAB LTD)
 Noclot 75 mg CCL Pharmaceutical
(PVT)
 Ogrel Plus-81
75 mg Bosch Pharmaceutical LTD
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7. Dosage forms and administration
 Clopidogrel bisulfate (clopidogrel
hydrogen sulfate), most commonly under
the trade names Plavix, as 75 mg oral
tablets.
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8. History
 It is marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb and
Sanofi-Aventis under the trade names
Iscover and Plavix respectively, by Sun
Pharmaceuticals under the trade name
Clopilet and by Ranbaxy Laboratories under
the trade name Ceruvin. It works by blocking
a receptor called P2Y12.
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9. Clinical Trials
 Recent Myocardial Infarction (MI), Recent Stroke or Established
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Plavix Aspirin
Patients 9599 9586
IS (fatal or not) 438 (4.6%) 461 (4.8%)
MI (fatal or not) 275 (2.9%) 333 (3.5%)
Other vascular death 226 (2.4%) 226 (2.4%)
Total 939 (9.8%) 1020 (10.6%)
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10. Graph
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11. Clinical Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
 Clopidogrel is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation.
 Clopidogrel selectively inhibits the binding of
adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet receptor
and the subsequent ADP-mediated activation of the
glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex, thereby inhibiting
platelet aggregation.
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12. Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism
Absorption Rapidly absorb after oral
administration
Metabolism
Highly metabolized in liver & Rapidly
hydrolyzed into its carboxylic acid
derivatives
Distribution Distribute through out the body with
peak plasma level 3 mg/L
Elimination Through urine
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13. Adverse Reaction
 Chest Pain
 Fatigue
 Edema
 Hypertension
 Dyspepsia
 Neutropenia
 Epistaxis
 Bronchitis
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14. Drug Interaction
 Aspirin
Plavix potentiated the effect of aspirin on collagen-
induced platelet aggregation.
 Heparin
Coadministration of heparin had no effect on
inhibition of platelet aggregation
 Warfarin
Because of the increased risk of bleeding, the
concomitant administration of warfarin with Plavix
should be undertaken with caution
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15. Contra indication
 Hypersensitivity to the drug substance or any
component of the product
 Active pathological bleeding such as peptic
ulcer or intracranial hemorrhage
 Pregnancy
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16. Thank
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