The document provides an overview of surveying techniques and concepts. It discusses several topics: - The objectives of surveying are to prepare plans and maps showing the relative positions of objects and to determine areas and volumes. - Surveying is classified based on instruments used (e.g. chain, compass, plane table, theodolite surveying) and type of survey (e.g. land, marine). - Key principles include working from the whole to parts by establishing main stations and lines, and locating new points using two measurements from reference points. - Plans and maps represent features graphically using scales, with maps using smaller scales than plans. Scales allow converting between map and