The document discusses various cinematography techniques used in filmmaking including different types of shots like long shots, mid shots, and close ups to frame characters. It also covers shot types like shot reverse shot used in conversations, as well as camera movements, angles, composition techniques like the rule of thirds, and different focuses that can be used. The document provides information to help understand fundamental cinematography concepts.

1. By Charlotte
BellCINEMATOGRAPHY

2.  Long Shot- A long shot allows the
audience to see an individual or
object from head to toe but the
background is still prominent.
 Mid Shot- Allows the audience to
see from the waste up of a
character. They are very good in
conversations
 Close Up- Close ups allow more
detail to be captured that the
audience might not have noticed
in a mid or long shot. They are
mainly used to show characters
facial expressions or to show that
an object is of importance.
SHOTS

3.  Shot Reverse Shot- Used during
conversations so that the
audience can see who is
speaking.
 Two Shot- Two shots are mainly
used at the start of a
conversation to establish which
characters are going to be
talking.
 Establishing Shot- A shot that is
used at the beginning of a scene
to allow the audience to
understand where the scene is
taking place.
SHOTS

4.  Master Shot- When a scene is
shot they will always first film a
'master shot' so that if anything is
missed or something isn't quite
right the director can use to it.
 Wide Shot- Reveals more of a
shot than what the audience
might have thought what was
originally there.
 P.O.V Shot- This type of shot is
done so it give the impression to
the audience that they are seeing
things how the character are.
SHOTS

5.  Ariel Shot- Ariel shots show a
scene from directly above, so the
audience have a birds eye view.
 Over the Shoulder- Used mainly
in conversations, it is done by
placing a camera just behind one
characters shoulder but is still
filming what the other one is
saying.
SHOTS

6.  Straight- When the camera is at
eye line with the actor and is
used to make the audience feel
like a part of the action.
 High- This is when the camera is
elevated and looking down. It's
usually used to make an object or
person look smaller or weaker.
 Low- This is when the camera is
positioned from below, looking up
and it can make objects or
characters seen bigger or more
dominant.
ANGLES

7.  Pan - When the camera is
moved horizontally from
side to side whilst
remaining on a tripod.
 Tilt - When the camera is
tilted up and down
vertically whilst remaining
on a tripod.
 Track - When the camera
follows a moving object.
MOVEMENT

8.  Dolly - When the camera is
mounted on a moving
platform (Eg. A Car)
 Crane - The Camera is
situated high in the air,
usually looking down.
 Steadicam - Allows you to
walk with the camera whilst
keeping it still and steady.
MOVEMENT

9.  Hand Held - When the camera is
moved freely and is usually
used to make you feel part of
the action.
 Zoom - Changes the distance of
an object or person from the
camera.
MOVEMENT

10.  Framing is deciding where an image begins and ends. It
used for a number of reasons but here's a few examples:
o It can aid the narrative.
o Make things stand out.
o Give more information.
 Having two objects in the same frame can show a
connection or relationship between them.
COMPOSITION- FRAMING

11.  The rule of thirds is an aesthetically pleasing way to compose
a frame. The frame is spit into thirds both vertically and
horizontally. The rules suggests that the centre of the images
subject should be place at one of the intersections where the
lines cross and not right in the centre. This is because
naturally, our eyes are not drawn to the centre so it balances
the image.
COMPOSITION-
RULE OF THIRDS

12.  The focus of the camera dictates the depth into the picture in
which the objects are in clear focus. There are two main types
of camera focus:
o Deep Focus- Objects or people in different planes of depth are
all in focus.
o Shallow Focus- Only one plane of depth is in sharp focus
which means there is a restricted field of depth. This is used
to draw attention to something.
COMPOSITION-
DEEP AND SHALLOW FOCUS

13.  Name the shot:
 Name the shot:
 What movement would you use to follow a person walking?
 What effect would you expect a high angle shot to give?
 What is deep focus?
 Give three examples of why framing is used.
QUIZ