Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition where the kidneys are damaged and cannot properly filter waste from the blood. The kidneys help regulate blood pressure, make red blood cells, and remove waste. CKD is defined as kidney damage for 3 or more months as shown by blood and urine tests or imaging tests. Risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, family history, smoking, obesity, and use of certain medications. Early CKD often has no symptoms but can eventually cause fatigue, swollen limbs, and other issues. Treatment focuses on controlling blood pressure and diabetes, exercise, diet, and medication. End-stage renal disease requires dialysis or transplant. Screening those at high risk can

1. Chronic Kidney Disease What You Need to Know Phil Ramos, MD, MSCI Denver Nephrologists, P.C.

8. CKD Progresses in Stages (Defined by eGFR) NKF. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(2 suppl 1):S1-S266. CKD Stage Description GFR (mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) 1 Kidney damage with normal or  GFR  90 2 Kidney damage with mild  GFR 60-89 3 Moderate  GFR 30-59 4 Severe  GFR 15-29 5 Kidney failure <15 or dialysis

10. CKD Is a Growing Epidemic CKD Stage Number of Individuals* 1  90 3.6 million 2 60-89 6.5 million 3 30-59 15.5 million 4 15-29 700,000 5 <15 or dialysis 500,000 GFR (mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) *Coresh et al. JAMA; 298 (17): 2038 (2007) United States Renal Data System, 2008

12. Diabetic Kidney Disease

13. Hypertension Kidney Disease