The document discusses various child welfare programs and activities in India, including Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), Universal Children's Day, and the Under Five Clinic. It provides details on the objectives and services provided by the Under Five Clinic, such as care in illness, preventive care, growth monitoring, and family planning. It also discusses the constitutional provisions in India related to child welfare and development.

1. 1R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

2. • Child welfare activities cover a spectrum of
preventive and promotive health care activities
that are aimed at promotion of child health. In
INDIA, we have a wide range of activities that
are carried out by many agencies (Like govt.
and non govt.)
2R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

3. Some of these activities are described
below-
• Universal children’s day
• Integrated child development services ( ICDS)
• Baby friendly hospital initiative ( BFHI)
3R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

4. Cont…
• National Policy for Children- Govt of India
adopted a National policy for children in
August 1974 in response to UN declaration of
the rights of the child.
• Under five clinic
• School health Services
4R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

5. Cont…
the under –five clinic provide whole sum of care
not only just preventive paediatrics like well
baby clinic. It provides a comprehensive outlook
to childcare. The objective of under-five clinics
are outlines in its symbol itself.
Under Five Clinic
5R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

6. Care in illness
Preventive care Growth monitoring
6R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

7. • The under fine’s clinic is derived from the well
baby clinic.
• This clinic provides preventive service along with
health supervision, treatment, nutritional
surveillance and health education.
• Under- five age group are vulnerable and special
risk group constitution a major portion of total
population with high death rate.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 7

8. • The important causes of morbidity and mortality
of this group are mainly, ARI, diarrhea,
neonatal and perinatal disease, infections and
accidents.
• The apex of the large triangle represent care in
illness, the left triangle represent preventive
care, the right triangle represent Growth
monitoring.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 8

9. • Red triangle represent family planning.
• Line bordering the big triangle health teaching
to the mother.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 9

10. Care in illness
• Acute illness
• Chronic illness including physical, mental,
congenital and acquired abnormalities
• Disorders of growth and development
• Use of X-ray and other laboratory and referral
services.
• Referral services
10R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

11. Cont…Care in illness
• Research studies have shown that 70 to 90%
of the care of the sick children can be managed
but the trained nurse with effective training
and responsibility for managing the child
health care services.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 11

12. Preventive care
• Immunization
• Nutritional surveillance
• Health checkup
• Oral rehydration
• Family planning welfare
• Health education
12R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

13. Growth monitoring
• Growth Monitoring includes checking weight
of the child periodically at monthly intervals
during the first year, every 2 months during
second year and every 3months thereafter up
to the age of 5-6 yr.
13R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

14. Family Planning
• The family planning is successfully conducted
through these clinics.
• The mother attending the clinic receives counseling
with different aspects of family planning practices,
which is an significant concern for the health and
well- begin of the child.
14R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

15. 15R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

16. • Children’s Development is as important as
the development of material resources and the
best way to develop national human resources
is to take care of children.
• India has the largest child population in the
world.
16R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS

17. Constitutional Provisions
• Article 14 provides that the State shall not deny to any person
equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the
territory of India.
• Article 15(3) provides that, “Nothing in this article shall prevent the
State for making any special provision for women and children.”
• Article 21 provide that no person shall be deprived of his life or
personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.
• Article 21A directs the State shall provide free and compulsory
education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such
manner as the State may, by law, determine.
• Article 23 prohibits trafficking of human beings and forced labour.
• Article 24 prohibits employment of children below the age of
fourteen years in factories, mines or any other hazardous
occupation.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 17

18. Cont…Constitutional Provisions
• Article 25-28 provides freedom of conscience, and free
profession, practice and propagation of religion.
• Article 39(e) and (f) provide that the State shall, in particular,
direct its policy towards securing to ensure that the health and
strength of workers, men and women and the tender age of
children are not abused and that the citizens are not forced by
economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or
strength and that the children are given opportunities and
facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of
freedom and dignity and that the childhood and youth are
protected against exploitation and against moral and material
abandonment.
• Article 45 envisages that the State shall endeavor to provide
early childhood care and education for all children until they
complete the age of six years.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 18

19. The important child welfare
programmes in India are as following-
1. Indian council for child welfare (ICCW)
2. Central Social Welfare Board.
3. Kasturba Gandhi Memorial Trust
4. Indian Red Cross Society
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 19

20. All these agencies get financial aid from
government to organize child welfare services in
the country. The following are their activities in
nutshell.
• Day Care services by setting Balwadies
• Holiday home
• Recreation facilities
• Bal Bhavans
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 20

21. • WHO department of child and Adolescent health
and development
• WHO School Initiative
• IMNCI
• Diarrheal disease control programme (DDCP)
• Acute respiratory infection control programme
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 21

22. • National Programme for control of Blindness
• Child Survival and safe motherhood ( CSSM)
Programme
• Iodine deficiency disorders( IDDs) Programme
• Family Welfare
• Child Welfare programme for disabled children
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 22

23. Family Welfare- Milestone
1951- Family planning program
1971- Maternal child health and family planning
integrated
1972- Post partum programme, medical
Termination of Pregnancy ( MTP Act)
1977- National family welfare programme
1983- National health policy
1985- MCH, UIP
1992- CSSM
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 23

24. Child Welfare programme for disabled
children
• National level Practices on education of children
with disability
• Project for integrated education development
(PIED) and integrated education for disabled
children ( IEDC)
• UN support to primary education:- Community
school programme
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 24

25. • Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) - A Movement
to education All
• District Primary education Project ( DPEP)
• District rehabilitation centers and National
Programme for Rehabilitation for Person with
Disability ( NPRPD)
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 25

26. Agencies related to
child welfare
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 26

27. Introduction
• Child welfare including providing services to
socially, economically, physically or mentally
handicapped children who are to avail the services
provided by the community.
• Child welfare services are preventive, promotive,
developmental and rehabilitative in nature.
• These services are designed to meet the need of
most deprived and vulnerable children like-
children of working mother, destitute children and
handicapped children.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 27

28. Child welfare agencies
• “An administrative unit responsible for work
concerned with the welfare and vocational training
of children is known as child welfare agency”.
• Child welfare agencies may be working at national
or international level.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 28

29. National Level
• Indian red cross society (IRCS) - 1920
• Central social welfare Board - 1953
• Indian Council for child welfare( ICCW) -
1952
• All India Women’s Conference ( AIWC)- 1927
• Child relief and you - 1979
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 29

30. International level
• WHO
• UNICEF
• International Red cross
• Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO)
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 30

31. R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 31

32. Principal of Pre and Post
operative care of Infants
and children.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 32

33. Pre operative care
of Infants and
children
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 33

34. • The infants and children have different
types of surgical problems than that of
adults. Especially the Congenital
Malformation are the important causes of
surgical interventions in children.
• Sugary can be planned or unplanned i.e.
elective or emergency.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 34

35. Cont…
• It is potentially stressful experience for children.
• Potential threat for surgery to the children are
physical harm, pain, injury, death, separation
from parents, strange and unknown situation at
operation room, fear of anesthesia and surgery.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 35

36. • Preparation of children for surgery is an important
aspect and should be based on child’s age ,
development stage, level of personality and past
experience.
• It should begins with preparation for admission to
the hospital.
• In emergency surgical intervention, preparation
should be done in modified way but basic approach
should be same.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 36

37. • Preoperative Nursing Management of
children
• Psychological preparation
• Physical preparation
• Protective measures
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 37

38. R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 38
Post operative care
of Infants and
children

39. • Nursing responsibility in the post- operative
management include meeting both physical and
psychological needs of the child.
• Operation bed and necessary articles to be kept
ready for receiving the child and to provide
immediate post anesthesia care in the recovery
room or in the pediatric unit.
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 39

40. • Immediate post operative care
• Care after recovery anesthesia
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS 40