Play is essential for children's development. It promotes physical, intellectual, emotional, and moral growth. Physically, play helps develop motor skills and coordination. Intellectually, it fosters learning of concepts like colors, numbers, and problem-solving. Emotionally, play is an outlet for stress and helps children interact socially. Morally, play involves learning norms of behavior. The type of play varies by age from sensory exploration in infants to pretend play in preschoolers to sports and hobbies in school-aged children. Play materials should be age-appropriate, safe, and encourage learning. Parents should supervise play and teach children proper use of toys.

1. Play and play
Materials
1 R Dhaker, Lecturer,
PCNMS

2. “We are never more fully alive, more
completely ourselves, or more
deeply engrossed in anything than
when we are playing” – Charles
Schaefer

3. Introduction
 Play is universal for all children.
 It is work for the and ways of their living.
 It pleasurable and enjoyable aspect of child’s life
and essential to promote growth and
development.
 Play is the activity that has no serious motive
and from which there is no material gain.
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4. Importance of play
 Physical development
 Intellectual and educational development
 Emotional development
 Moral development
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PCNMS

5. Physical development
 Physical development enhance during play.
 Muscular and sensory abilities development
at the time of running, climbing, riding cycle
and in other active play.
 These activities help to strengthen muscle
and to learn coordinated movements and
skills.
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6.  The young children learn to differentiate to
sensations by visual, auditory and tactile
stimulations through the use of play materials.
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7. Intellectual and educational
development
 Intellectual and educational development
promote during play.
 Children learn color, size, shape, number,
distance, height, speed, name of the objects etc.
while playing with various toys and play things.
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8. Cont…Intellectual and educational development
 Creative activity, problem solving, abstract thinking,
imagination, communication and speech development occur
during play.
 Children improve attention span and concentration by
playing. They can make difference of reality and fantasy
through play.
 It helps them to experience thrill of achievement.
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9. Emotional development
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PCNMS
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 play improve emotional development.
 Children express their fear, anxiety, anger,
joy, etc during play.
 It reduces stress and stain and removes
irritability and destructives, thus enhances the
coping abilities.
 It helps to communicate with others and
outside world. It helps to communicate with
others and outside world.

10. Cont…Emotional development
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PCNMS
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 Play acts outlets of negative feeling and
considered as safety valve to release emotional
tension and reduce emotional trauma.
 Play help in socialization.
 Children become a social being through play.
 They learn interaction with playmates by
sharing, understanding others and
communicating.

11. Moral development
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PCNMS
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 Plays is the means of moral development.
 Children learn morality from parents, teachers and
other adults.
 During play with peers, child’s behavior will reflect
the right and wrong things, honesty, sportsmanship,
and value system.
 They learn norms of moral behavior and
responsibility.
 They become creative and independent through play.

12. Type of Play
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 Play is nature and spontaneous.
 It depends upon age, sex, interest, personality,
ability, cultural, patterns and social economic status
of the child’s family.
 Play, playtime and playmates decrease as the age
increase. Play is a social behavior which differs in
various age group and depends upon the level of
development.
 It is an individualized behavior.

14. Infants
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 In Social affective play infants response by
smiling, cooing to the interfacing adult.
 In sense pleasure play, they learn and explore
environment through various sensory experience.
 They develop skill through imitation. Young
children also engage in sense pleasure play and
skill play.

15. Preschool Children
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 Preschool Children enjoy dramatic play through
which they identify themselves with adult and
dramatize adult’s behavior.
 Structured formal play begins to be played during
late preschool years.

16. School children
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 School children enjoy comparative sports, games
and they develop hobbies for recreation and
diversion.
 School age children imitate and dramatize more
complex activates even acting out stories in
books.

17. Adolescents and older school
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 Adolescents and older school age children engage
in a more sophisticated type of fantasy activity
called daydreaming.
 They spent their leisure time in competitive
sports, operating computers, watching
television, listening to the radio, hobbies,
reading etc.

18. According to Parent and Newhall (1943)
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 In unoccupied play
 Onlooker play
 Solitary independent
play
•Parallel play
•In associative play
•Co-operative play

19. Selection and care of play materials
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 Selection of play materials and toys depends upon
age, abilities, interest, like and dislike, cultural,
experience, personality and level of intelligence
of the child.

20. The play materials should have the following
characteristics-
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 Safe, washable, light weight, simple,
durable, easy to handle and non-
breakable.
 Realistic, attractive, constructive and offer
problem- solving opportunities.
 No sharp edges and no small removable
parts which may be swallowed or inhaled.

21. Cont…The play materials should have the following characteristics-
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 Not over stimulating and frustrating
 No toxic paints, not costly, not inflammable
and not excessive noisy.
 Play things with electrical plugs should be
avoided, only children over 8 years of age
should be permitted to use them.

22. Children must be taught the following-
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PCNMS
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 Correct use of toys. Parents should explain
the directions for use and the causation
labels.
 Safe storing of toys in a space with easy
reach and away from busy areas.
 Keeping the playthings in good conditions.
Parents should repair or discard damaged
and broken toys.

23. Cont…The play materials should have the following characteristics-
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 Keeping the play materials of older brothers and
sisters away from younger children. The wrong toys
for the wrong ages can be injurious to children.
 Electronic toys and games can also be shared by the
adults in the children’s play time. Parents may interact
and initiate the use with precautions.

24. Suitable Play Material
According to age-

25. Questions?