Adolescent Friendly Health Service is a service provided by health institutions that focuses on the welfare of adolescents (10-19 years of age) through the guidance on how to maximize the use of health care services in the adolescents.
Samundratar Health Post, Nuwakot is providing AFHS with its limited resources given.
Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal: Challenges and Way ForwardKusumsheela Bhatta
The safe motherhood programme is one of the priority programme of Nepal. The goal of the National Safe Motherhood Program is to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and to improve the maternal and neonatal health through preventive and promotive activities as well as by addressing avoidable factors that cause death during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. This presentation incorporates historical context, introduction, major achievements, actors, what Went Well, what didn’t go well, limitations, challenges, way forward of Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal.
Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal: Challenges and Way ForwardKusumsheela Bhatta
The safe motherhood programme is one of the priority programme of Nepal. The goal of the National Safe Motherhood Program is to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and to improve the maternal and neonatal health through preventive and promotive activities as well as by addressing avoidable factors that cause death during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. This presentation incorporates historical context, introduction, major achievements, actors, what Went Well, what didn’t go well, limitations, challenges, way forward of Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal.
Rashtriya bal swasthya karyakram (RBSK) is a health programme launched for screening of over 27 crore children from 0 to 18 years for 4 Ds - Defects at birth, Diseases, Deficiencies and Development Delays including Disabilities by the ministry of health and family welfare under national rural health mission (NRHM) in india
Rashtriya bal swasthya karyakram (RBSK) is a health programme launched for screening of over 27 crore children from 0 to 18 years for 4 Ds - Defects at birth, Diseases, Deficiencies and Development Delays including Disabilities by the ministry of health and family welfare under national rural health mission (NRHM) in india
INTRODUCTION
The concept of “Primary Health Care” came into existence, following a joint WHO-UNICEF International Conference at Alma-Ata, USSR on 12th September 1978.
The governments of 134 Countries and many voluntary agencies at Alma-Ata Conference called for acceptance of WHO goal of “Health for All by 2000 AD” and proclaimed Primary Health Care as a way to achieving Health for All.
This approach has been described as “Health by the people” and “placing people’s health in people’s hand”.
Primary Health Care is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system, where essential health care is provided.
At this level that health care will be most effective within the context of the area’s need and limitations.
DEFINITION
• Primary Health Care is defined as,
“Essential health care based on practical, scientifically, sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-determination.”
• The Alma-Ata Conference defined Primary Health Care as follows: -
“Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost the community and country can afford.”
CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
• It is essential health care, which is based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology.
• It should be rendered universally acceptable to individuals and the families in the community through their full participations.
• Its availability should be at a cost, which the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in a spirit of self-reliance and self-development.
• It requires joint efforts of the health sector and other health related sector like education, food and agriculture, social welfare, animal husbandry, housing, etc.
ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
The Alma-Ata Declaration has outlined 8 essential components of Primary health care,
1. Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them.
2. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition.
3. An adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation.
4. Maternal and child health care, including family planning.
5. Immunization against major infectious diseases.
6. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases.
7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries.
8. Provision of essential drugs.
PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
1) Equitable distribution: -
Health service must be shared equally by all people irrespective to their ability to pay.
Primary health care aims to redress ‘Social injustice’ by shifting the centre of gravity of health care system from c
You can view the webinar recording below.
This hour long webinar with Helen Wheatley will provide an insight into the development of the NICE guideline "Transition from children's to adult's services". It will outline key recommendations from the guideline as well as providing an overview of good practice in transitions.
Aimed at: Frontline practitioners working with children and young people and their families
It is the small topic from the 3rd unit of Bsc nursing, delivery of community health nursing , in which u will come to know about organization, staffing and functions of rural health services provided by Govt.
Realizing article 19 and 23 of the CRPD - What types of- and considerations for social services at local level for children with disabilities?
From 4th Child Protection Forum in Tajikistan, 2013.
The Centre for Children and Young People’s Participation, University of Central Lancashire. Presentation for seminar Series 2014, Children and Social Justice, May 2014
'Embedding children and young people’s participation in health services and research'
are increasing the importance of environmental ethics has started to take pre...KhalidMdBahauddin
are increasing the importance of environmental ethics has started to take precedence making its global issue. as this issue do not respect National boundaries
Transforming Care: Share and Learn Webinar – 26 October 2017NHS England
Topic One: Developing support and services for children and young people: introducing new guidance for Transforming Care Partnerships
Guest speakers: Phil Brayshaw (Clinical Lead) and David Gill (Learning Disability Advisor), NHS England
This webinar introduces new guidance for Transforming Care Partnerships developed by NHS England and supported by the Local Government Association. This guidance supports commissioners in planning joined-up support and services for children and young people with learning disabilities, autism or both (in line with the national service model).
David Gill shares his experience of growing up with Asperger’s syndrome and talks about how getting the right support is critical to young people’s lives.
Topic Two: Creating a positive behaviour support organisational and workforce development framework for Transforming Care Partnerships and service providers
Guest speaker: Sarah Leitch, British Institute of Learning Disabilities (BiLD)
This webinar describes the Positive Behaviour Support workforce development framework Black Country Transforming Care Partnership commissioned from BiLD and provides other Transforming Care Partnerships with a model that can be taken into other organisations.
AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is the spectrum of condition infected by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus).
It was first diagnosed clinically in USA in 1981 A.D.
In 1997 UNAIDS created World AIDS Campaign to focus on this pandemic disease not only a single day but whole year
Till date people all over the world celebrate World AIDS Day on this date with different slogans and themes trying to reduce its effect worldwide.
Medical demography is concerned with the consequences of health, sickness, accidents, disability, and death for the size, composition, and structure of the population; and with the economic, social, and policy impacts of those dynamics.
Epidemiological data and methods can be used by medical demographers as part of their population modeling methods.
According to WRVH, “The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, mal-development, or deprivation.“
The life cycle of violence may start from prenatal phase to elderly phase if the chain is not broken.
In Nepal violence, especially domestic and gender based violence is very prevalent and requires attention.
‘Health’ and ‘economics’; though seem to be really different topics, they are totally interlinked. Health, in general, is the physical, mental, social and spiritual condition of an individual whereas economics, mostly deals with money, resources, ideas, time etc i.e resources needed for good health.
An acid is any substance that in water solution tastes sour, changes blue litmus paper to red, reacts with some metals to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts, and promotes chemical reactions (acid catalysis).
A base is a substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions. Most bases are minerals that react with acids to form water and salts.
Salt is a chemical compound consisting of an ionic assembly of cations and anions.
Drugs are ‘used’ if they are to cure illness, prevent diseases or improve health status, and are ‘abused’ if self-administered for non-medical reasons, in frequency and amount that may alter the general body homeostasis of an individual.
Nepal is vulnerable in context of drug addiction and its effects. Adolescents and young people are generally are abusing drugs.
Climate change and emerging infectious and vector diseasesShisam Neupane
Climate change , acting via less direct mechanisms, would affect the transmission of many infectious diseases; especially water, food and vector-borne diseases.
At present, along with the whole world, Nepal is suffering the issues of climate change too. Especially the health of vulnerable population is in degrade.
National health education, information and communication centerShisam Neupane
Established under MOHP in 1993, NHEICC is responsible for planning,Implementing, monitoring and evaluating awareness raising, information, education and communication program related to health programmes and services.
Nepal is fighting the problem of population explosion due to its high fertility rate, like many other countries in the South East Asia Region.
Family planning services have been available in Nepal for over 50 years.
Osteomalacia is the softening of the bones caused by defective bone mineralization secondary to inadequate levels of available phosphate and calcium.
The true prevalence of osteomalacia across the globe remains unknown.
Biological terrorism dates as far back as ancient Roman civilization. This early version of biological terrorism was used to destroy enemy forces. It continued on into the 14th century.
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is organized on a local, national or international level.
These slides focus in some of the renowned NGOs of Nepal.
Health is wealth. It is a multi-dimensional issue where agent, host and environment, all play their part to maintain its homeostasis. Water pollution is a growing issue threatening human health.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
As we watch Dr. Greene's continued efforts and research in Arizona, it's clear that stem cell therapy holds a promising key to unlocking new doors in the treatment of kidney disease. With each study and trial, we step closer to a world where kidney disease is no longer a life sentence but a treatable condition, thanks to pioneers like Dr. David Greene.
4. Background of Samundratar Health Post
• Samundratar Health Post is situated in the
Dupcheswor Rural Municipality, Samundratar
ward no.6 of Nuwakot.
• It provides different facillities like; OPD on
basic health services, TB screening, eye clinic,
adolescent friendly services etc.
4
5. Introduction: Adolescent Friendly
Health Services (AFHS)
• Adolescent Friendly Health Service is a
service provided by health institutions that
focuses on the welfare of adolescents (10-19
years of age) through the guidance on how to
maximize the use of health care services in the
adolescents.
5
6. • Nepal Government launched a national
program in 2010 to provide adolescent-
friendly health services as part of its five-year
health sector plan.
• It aims to serve all adolescents.
• Although launched in the era of the MDG that
ended in 2015, the program is in the spirit of
the SDG (2015–30).
6
7. National standards for AFHS
1. Service delivery packages responding to
adolescents’ health needs should be provided at
service delivery points
2. Health services should be organized to
effectively deliver services, ensuring availability
of trained providers, equipment and supplies
3. Conducive facility environment is provided that
identifies and addresses the barriers that
adolescents face accessing services
7
8. 4. Service providers have the capacity and
motivation to address the needs of adolescents
(includes clinical and supportive staff)
5. An enabling community environment exists for
adolescents to access services
6. Adolescents are well informed about services
7. Adolescents and youth are provided with skills-
based SRH education
8. Protection of sexual and reproductive health and
rights of adolescents and removal of stigma and
discrimination
9. Health management systems are in place to
support planning, implementation and monitoring
8
9. Characteristics of AFHS
Programmatic:
• Involvement of adolescents in program
development and implementation
• Male and female adolescents welcomed and
treated equally
• Unmarried clients welcomed and served without
prejudice
• Parental involvement encouraged but not
compulsory
• Adequate supply of contraceptives
• Short waiting time
9
10. • Availability of IEC materials at facility
• Coordination with schools, youth clubs and
other institutions
• Provision of alternative ways for adolescents to
access information, counseling and services
outside routine health care delivery system
10
11. Providers:
• In-depth knowledge and skills concerning
counseling, examination and referral
• Trained on ASRH issues (through National Health
Training Centre)
• Shows respect without prejudice
• Ensures privacy and confidentiality
• Spends adequate time with clients
• Capable of providing counseling on ASRH issues
11
12. Facility:
• Convenient opening hours for adolescents
• Convenient location
• Adequate space
• Appropriate place for registration and waiting
• Ensure sufficient privacy (visual and auditory)
• Welcoming environment (quiet, availability of
drinking water, toilet facilities)
• Availability of IEC and BCC materials
12
13. Objectives
General Objective
• To find about the Adolescent Friendly Health
Service (AFHS) provided by Samundratar Health
Post
Specific Objectives
• To study whether the AFHS characteristics of
Samundratar Health Post is met or not
• To assess the activities conducted by Health Post
to solve health problems of adolescents in
Samundratar community
13
14. Methodology
• Study Area: Samundratar HP, Nuwakot
• Study Design: Cross sectional study design
• Primary source: Informal Interview
Observation
• Secondary source: Citizens Charter of HP
Annual report
14
15. Findings
What does it have?
• Though, not completely followed the standard
guideline of GoN for AFHS, some of the services
are provided specifically for adolescents.
• It provides services of counseling to the
adolescent.
• It works for promotion of sexual and reproductive
health service of adolescent.
• It provides family planning information to the
adolescent who visits the health post due to
curiosity.
• Also, condoms were provided freely and easily in
order to prevent unsafe sex.
15
16. • Male and female adolescent were not
discriminated during services and treated
equally.
• The waiting period was short, and service was
quick.
• School Health programs related to adolescents
health were conducted sometimes in
coordination with other organization.
• The environment is quiet and peaceful.
16
17. Things to be Improved
• It does not have separate room for AFHS to maintain
privacy.
• Involvement of adolescents in program planning is
lacking.
• IEC materials were not in sufficient amount.
• There were no any hoarding board with information
that it provides adolescent friendly health services.
• Due to lack of information that the health post provides
the service of information about reproductive health of
their age, adolescent do not visit the health post.
17
18. Conclusion
• In countries like Nepal, where sexual and reproductive
related topics are mostly stigmatized, most of the
people are not comfortable with the topic of sexual and
reproductive health so, adolescent hides their curiosity
within themselves.
• Samundratar Health Post is working in its best possible
manner to provide health services to the people.
• Some of the characteristics of AFHS are met by health
post whereas some are still to be improved.
• Still, there were some lackings to provide the adequate
adolescent friendly health services even if the citizens
charter of the health post clearly mentioned about it.
18
19. Recommendation
• Better if people were well aware about the
facilities provided by the health post.
• A focal person for this specific facility would be
more fruitful.
• Use of more and proper IEC materials would be
more effective to provide the respective services.
• Regular and specific trainings could be given to
the staffs.
• Better if, awareness programs related adolescents
health and problems were conducted frequently.
19