Chemsketch tutorial
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This document provides instructions for drawing chemical structures and reactions using the free software Chemsketch. It explains how to draw basic structures like alkanes using the draw normal tool, add functional groups like double and triple bonds, optimize 2D and 3D structures, set charges on atoms to define ions, and label chemical reactions with conditions. The overall purpose is to teach the basics of using Chemsketch to represent molecular structures and reactions in a step-by-step manner.
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Draw A Chemical Structure Using Chemsketch
The document provides 7 steps to draw the chemical structure of azobenzene using ChemSketch software:
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2) Add the first benzene ring.
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The document provides 7 steps to draw the chemical structure of azobenzene using ChemSketch software:
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3) Add the second benzene ring.
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Due Dates:
Report: to D2L Assignment Dropbox by 4pm, 5/01/2020 Friday
Problem: Steady flows pass a cylinder (see ‘Problem Specification’ in the Tutorial).
Requirements: Report should include Introduction, Theory (Potential Flow), Computational Model, Results, and Conclusions, Discussion and References. Use 1” margin on top, bottom, left, and right. Use Times New Roman 12 font and 1.5 line spacing. In Results session, present and compare the velocity field, streamlines, and drag forces on the cylinder from both the model and theoretical results. In Discussion, discuss why these results from two approaches are similar or different.
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Prof. Corey introduced the chiral auxiliary (-)-8-phenylmenthol in 1978. He used it in his famous prostaglandin synthesis. Prof. Trost then introduced mandelic acid as a chiral auxiliary in 1980. In 1985, Prof. Whitesell introduced an alternative, (1R,2S)-trans-2-phenyl-1-cyclohexanol, since preparing menthol compounds is difficult. A chiral auxiliary is a temporary, optically active compound incorporated into a synthesis to control stereochemistry and selectively form one stereoisomer over the other. Important examples include Evans' oxazolidinones and their use in asymmetric alkylations.
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Due Dates:
Report: to D2L Assignment Dropbox by 4pm, 5/01/2020 Friday
Problem: Steady flows pass a cylinder (see ‘Problem Specification’ in the Tutorial).
Requirements: Report should include Introduction, Theory (Potential Flow), Computational Model, Results, and Conclusions, Discussion and References. Use 1” margin on top, bottom, left, and right. Use Times New Roman 12 font and 1.5 line spacing. In Results session, present and compare the velocity field, streamlines, and drag forces on the cylinder from both the model and theoretical results. In Discussion, discuss why these results from two approaches are similar or different.
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2. Deleting elements to remove ribs from the pump housing and halving the part using element deletion.
3. Importing CAD geometry for other components (cover, gasket, bolts) and halving the imported parts using extruded cuts.
4. Creating the full assembly model by combining the modified pump housing mesh with the halved CAD components. Instructions are provided to ensure the model is set up correctly for subsequent analysis workshops.
Concrete bent with_nonprismatic_cap_beam
This SAP2000 tutorial provides an overview of how to model a basic concrete bent structure. It demonstrates how to define materials, sections, grids, supports, loads, and perform analysis and design. Key steps include defining a 5000 psi concrete material, rectangular and circular concrete sections, equally spaced grids, fixed supports, point loads on the cap beam, and running analysis to show bending moment results. The tutorial also shows how to model a nonprismatic cap beam and rotate local axes.
Tutorial: How to work with app “3D Molecules Edit & Test”
http://bit.ly/1D2H4Gc ( iOS Mac apps)
“3D Molecules Edit & Test” allows one to build and manipulate 3D molecular models of organic and inorganic compounds. The key features of “3D Molecules Edit & Test” are 3D printing support and the "Test yourself" mode that allows learners to check their knowledge of the 3D structure of molecules. This is a valuable tool for chemistry students when learning about molecular bonding and orbitals with the aid of 3D visualisation. The app is great for any high school or college student in chemistry courses.
Are you looking for apps that allow students to construct molecules with 3D visualization?
“3D Molecules Edit & Test” is a very effective app for this purpose as it allows organic and inorganic molecular structures to be built with single, double and triple bonds, as well as cyclic compounds. The molecules can be visualised in 3D using stick, ball and stick and space-filling (CPK) models.
Important information about the molecule can be displayed. For example, it is possible to visualise the atomic orbitals, see electronic effects using arrows and identify bond lengths and element symbols.
3D printing offers a unique and straightforward approach to fabricate plastic 3D models of molecules and extended solids. "3D Molecules Edit & Test" has option to directly export the model as an STL file (most 3D printers recognize this format).
In building these molecules, guidance is initially needed to show how to use the software. There is a help button that provides clear and concise screen shots demonstrating how to use the app.
CIM and automation laboratory manual
This CIM and automation laboratory manual covers the G-Codes and M-codes for CNC Turning and Milling operations. Some concepts of Robot programming are also introduced.
Axis vm stepbystep
This document provides step-by-step instructions for creating a beam model in AxisVM to analyze two reinforced concrete beams. It describes how to:
1. Create the geometry of two beams - one 12m long and one 10m long.
2. Define the material, cross section, supports, and degrees of freedom.
3. Apply self-weight and variable linear loads to the beams in different load cases.
4. Provide details on modeling options like perspectives, labels, and load combinations.
Chemdraw help with tips
This document provides tips and tricks for using Chemdraw software for medicinal chemistry revision and exams. It highlights important functions for drawing and modifying structures like selecting atoms/bonds, adding atoms/bonds/rings, cleaning up structures, numbering structures, drawing equations, assigning stereochemistry, predicting NMR spectra, and more. Common mistakes are also noted. The goal is to help students effectively use Chemdraw for their revision as demonstrated by their teaching assistant.
New manual
The document provides information on various commands in AutoCAD for drafting and modeling. It discusses commands for drawing basic geometry like lines, circles, arcs and polygons. It also covers modifying objects using commands like copy, move, rotate, mirror, offset, and array. Additional commands covered include trimming, extending, breaking, filleting, chamfering, and dimensioning. The document provides brief descriptions and procedures for using each command.
Episode 52 : Flow sheeting Case Study
Episode 52 : Flow sheeting Case Study
A Standard Test Problem for Flowsheeting
The Cavett Problem
* A typical flowsheeting problem from the petroleum industry
* The flowsheet consists of mixers and TP-flash units
* The mixture consists of ethane, propane, 1- butane, n-butane, i-pentane, n-pentane
* The problem is interesting because tear-stream convergence is not easy and process is very sensitive to changes to the condition of operation
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Tutorial ic design
This tutorial provides instructions for using Mentor Graphics Design Architect to design and simulate a transistor-level inverter schematic. The steps include: 1) preparing the Mentor Graphics tools, 2) starting Design Architect and creating a new schematic, 3) adding transistor components from the library and connecting them to form the inverter, 4) simulating the inverter through DC, transient, and DC operating point analyses to observe the input-output voltage behavior.
Combustion modelling using_ansys_cfx
This document provides step-by-step instructions for modeling methane combustion using ANSYS CFX. It begins by importing a mesh file and defining boundary conditions including inlet velocities and species concentrations. Reaction kinetics are then specified by defining the combustion reaction and associated rate parameters. Finally, a high temperature boundary condition is applied to the mesh surface to ignite the combustion process. The tutorial aims to provide guidelines for initial combustion simulations while noting that input values may need refinement for accuracy.
Creo parametric-quick-start
This document provides a quick start guide for using Creo Parametric 2.0 software to create a basic 3D model. It guides the user through sketching a rectangular block with a hole, creating a pin part that fits in the hole, assembling the parts, and creating an engineering drawing. The guide explains how to navigate the software interface, sketch and extrude shapes, modify part dimensions, change appearance colors, and view and manipulate 3D models. It aims to get users started with basic modeling tasks in Creo Parametric.
Proe quick start
This document provides a quick start guide for Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0 & 4.0. It guides the user through creating a simple rectangular block part with a hole, a pin that fits in the hole, and an assembly that connects the pin and block. The guide suggests reading through the entire document first, then following the step-by-step instructions to create the parts and assembly while Pro/E is open. It covers basic part creation, modifying dimensions, viewing and selecting objects, and changing part colors.
Surface machining
This document introduces Mastercam's surface machining capabilities and provides instructions for creating various surface toolpaths on a sample part. It describes how to create ruled, loft, and Coons surfaces on the part geometry. It then provides step-by-step instructions for creating rough parallel, finish parallel, finish leftover, and finish pencil toolpaths to machine the surfaces. It emphasizes selecting appropriate tools and parameters and verifying that the toolpaths correctly machine the desired material.
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Fluid Mechanics Project Assignment (Total 15) Due Dates .docx
Fluid Mechanics Project Assignment (Total 15) Due Dates .docx
Tutorial: How to work with app “3D Molecules Edit & Test”
Tutorial: How to work with app “3D Molecules Edit & Test”
More from Dr. Krishna Swamy. G
Synthesis of benzimidazole
1) The document describes the procedure for synthesizing benzimidazole from o-phenylenediamine and formic acid.
2) Key steps include heating a mixture of o-phenylenediamine and excess formic acid at 100°C for 2 hours, then making the reaction mixture alkaline with sodium hydroxide to precipitate crude benzimidazole.
3) Benzimidazole has biological applications as an active component in anthelmintic and antiulcer drugs, and its derivatives also show antimicrobial and anticancer properties.
Synthesis of Coumarins
This document summarizes the synthesis of 7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl Coumarin via the Pechmann condensation reaction of resorcinol and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. Coumarins are an important class of compounds that are found in plants and have various medical applications such as antimicrobial and antitumor properties. The procedure involves cooling concentrated sulfuric acid to below 5°C and adding a solution of resorcinol and ethyl acetoacetate dropwise, followed by workup to obtain an impure product that is recrystallized from ethanol.
Synthesis of 1-Bromo-2-Naphthol
This document summarizes the synthesis of 1-bromo-2-naphthol from 2-naphthol. It involves selectively brominating 2-naphthol using sodium bromide and oxone. 2-Naphthol, sodium bromide, and oxone are ground together and reacted overnight. Ethyl acetate is then used to extract the crude 1-bromo-2-naphthol product, which is a dark brown solid. The theoretical and practical yields are calculated and the percentage yield is reported.
Coordination chemistry-2
Theories of coordination compounds, CFSE, Bonding in octahedral and tetrahedral complex, color of transition metal complex, magnetic properties, selection rules, Nephelxeuatic effect, angular overlap model
Coordination chemistry -1
This document discusses coordination chemistry and isomerism in coordination compounds. It defines molecular compounds, complex salts, and double salts formed from combinations of inorganic salts. It also discusses ligands, classifying them based on properties. Coordination number and the resulting geometries for coordination numbers 2 through 9 are described. Finally, it outlines different types of isomerism that can occur in coordination compounds, including structural, spin, and stereo isomerism.
Organozinc compounds hand written notes
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Organolithium reagent hand written notes
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by helping people feel more relaxed and focused.
Medicinal chemistry
This document provides an overview of key concepts in medicinal chemistry. It defines medicinal chemistry as concerning the discovery, development, and interpretation of biologically active compounds at the molecular level. It then discusses the relationships between organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and pharmaceutical chemistry. The rest of the document covers topics like drug nomenclature, classification, pharmacology principles of drug action, toxicology, and assays.
Basics of Stereochemistry
The document discusses stereochemistry and provides examples of different representations used to depict three-dimensional molecular structures in two dimensions. It defines stereochemistry as the study of different spatial arrangements of atoms in a molecule. It also defines key terms like stereoisomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, and chiral centers. The document then explains different representations like dashed wedge, Fischer projection, Sawhorse formula, and Newman projection that are used to depict the 3D orientation of groups in chiral molecules on a 2D surface. It provides examples of interconversions between these different representations.
Biochemical Mechanism Hand written notes
The document is a scanned copy of a contract for the sale of real estate. It outlines the terms of sale for a residential property located in California, including the purchase price, down payment, financing terms, contingencies, and closing date. The buyer and seller signatures indicate they agree to all terms and conditions as outlined in the multi-page contract.
Preparation of p-nitroacetanilide from Acetanilide
This document describes the preparation of p-nitro acetanilide from acetanilide. Acetanilide is nitrated using nitric and sulfuric acid. This produces p-nitro acetanilide as the major product along with a minor amount of o-nitro acetanilide. The p-nitro acetanilide product is purified by recrystallization from ethanol, yielding colorless crystals. Percent yield of the product is calculated and the melting point is obtained and compared to literature values.
Preparation of p-bromoaniline from Acetanilide
This document describes the preparation of p-bromoaniline from acetanilide. It involves a two step process:
1. Bromination of acetanilide using potassium bromate and potassium bromide in the presence of tartaric acid yields p-bromoacetanilide as the major product.
2. Hydrolysis of p-bromoacetanilide using hydrochloric acid and heat produces p-bromoaniline. The product is isolated by adjusting the pH to basic and cooling.
Yields, melting points and reactions are calculated and mechanisms are provided for both steps. Chemical tests to identify the products are also outlined.
Nucleic acids
This document provides information on the structure and composition of nucleic acids. It discusses that nucleic acids are biopolymers composed of nucleotide subunits containing a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The 5' carbon of the sugar is attached to the phosphate group via a phosphodiester bond. The nitrogenous bases are either purines (adenine or guanine) or pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, or uracil). RNA contains ribose and the base uracil, while DNA contains deoxyribose and the base thymine. Nucleic acids can be single stranded or double stranded polymers known as polynucleotides.
Free Radical Chemistry
Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms with unpaired electrons that can participate in chemical reactions. Common examples include hydroxyl (HO·) and methyl (H3C·) radicals. Free radical reactions typically occur by initiation, propagation, and termination steps in a chain reaction mechanism. The stability of free radicals is determined by factors such as conjugation, hyperconjugation, and hybridization. Radicals can be detected using techniques like electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Asymmetric Synthesis
This document provides an overview of asymmetric synthesis and strategies for achieving asymmetric induction. It defines asymmetric synthesis as a reaction that yields predominantly one chiral stereoisomer. It discusses different strategies for asymmetric induction, including using a chiral auxiliary, chiral reagent/catalyst, or starting with a chiral pool substrate. Specific examples are provided of chiral reagents like BINOL-H and Alpine borane that can be used to selectively reduce prochiral ketones. Chiral ligands like DIOP and CHIRAPHOS that are used with metal catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenation are also described.
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Preparation of p-nitroacetanilide from Acetanilide
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Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
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the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
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and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
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Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
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Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
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Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
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With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
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在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
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6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
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In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
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Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
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11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
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aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
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Chemsketch tutorial
- 1. TUMKUR UNIVERSITY “How to draw structure of molecule using Chemsketch: A free ware” Prepared By Divyarani K II M.Sc. III Semester DOS & R in Organic Chemistry Tumkur University Tumakuru Under the Guidance Dr. G. Krishnaswamy Faculty DOS & R in Organic Chemistry Tumkur University Tumakuru
- 3. 2. Using Draw Normal tool: ➢ Make sure that the Draw Normal Tool is enabled on the structure toolbar and that the Carbon button is selected on the atoms toolbar ➢ Click in an empty space to draw methane CH4
- 4. ➢ Point to CH4 to select ,and then click it to add a methyl group to it creating ethane CH3- CH3 ➢ Click twice the same carbon to draw 2-methyl propane
- 5. ➢ On the structure toolbar, click Set bond vertically, and click the lower bond of the structure to rotate it to this orientation ➢ On the structure toolbar, click Draw Normal
- 6. ➢ Click the right most carbon to draw 2-methyl butane ➢ Repeat the above steps to draw the following homologous structures:
- 7. 3. Drawing double and triple bonds: ▪ On 2-methyl pentane structure, point to the last drawn bond, and then click it to make a double bond. ▪ Click there again to make a triple bond:
- 8. 4. 2D optimization: Creating the structure of cyclic alkanes: ➢ On the Structure toolbar, click Draw chains ➢ Drag in the workspace drawing a 9-membered chain
- 9. ➢ Right-click to quickly switch to the Draw Normal tool, and drag from one terminal carbon atom to another in order to connect them with a bond ➢ On the Structure toolbar, click Clean Structure to obtain the following cycle
- 10. 5. Setting Charges and Defining Anions and Cations: ▪ On the Atoms toolbar, click Carbon(making sure that Draw Normal Tool becomes active ) and then click three times at the same point of the workspace to draw the following propane structure ▪ On the Atoms toolbar , click Nitrogen ,and then click the middle carbon atom to replace it with the nitrogen
- 11. ▪ From the Charges/Radicals menu, choose Increment (+) charge tool, and then click on the NH group of the topmost structure to make N-methylmethanaminium cation
- 13. Above set of structures can be drawn using chemsketch
- 14. 6. 3D Optimization: Creating structure of Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane ▪ From the Options menu, choose preferences, and then, in the dialog box that appears switch to the Structure tab. ▪ On the References toolbar, choose Cyclohexane, and click in the workspace to place a cyclohexane ring. ▪ Click Draw Normal and draw the hydrocarbon bridge by dragging as shown in the figure ▪ On the Structure tool bar , click 3D Optimization to obtain a 3D model of the drawn structure
- 15. ▪ If the Switch to 3D Rotation mode check box on the structure tab of the Preferences dialog box (options menu) is selected , you will be automatically switched to 3D rotation mode after the 3D Optimization is completed. If you are not , click 3D Rotation on the structure toolbar. ▪ Point it to any atom or bond on the structure and drag over the workspace to rotate the structure until it is placed as shown. Drawing the structure of triptycene from bicyclo[2.2.2]octane:
- 16. 7. Drawing a reaction: ▪ On the Structure toolbar , click Reaction Plus , and then place the plus sign between first and second structures by clicking , click Reaction arrow and then either click or drag to place the arrow as well.
- 17. 8. Labeling a reaction: 1. On the Structure toolbar, click Reaction Arrow Labeling 2. Click the reaction arrow to display the Edit Reaction Conditions dialog box . 3. In the upper box of the Edit Reaction Conditions dialog box, type 25, and then click 0 C on the right toolbar of the dialog box 4. In the lower box type benzene 5. Click OK to close the dialog box. The reaction now looks like this